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False premises and logical fallacies
A logical fallacy is reasoning that contains a flaw.
Many logical fallacies rely on false premises:
- Appeal to nature - claiming something is good because it is "natural". Some natural things, like cyanide, is very bad for you.
- False dilemma - a limited number of options are presented as mutually exclusive or as the only options.
- The appeal to novelty - when something is assumed good because it is new.
- The argument from incredulity - someone concludes that because they can't believe something is true, then it must be false.
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How to avoid using false premises
- Ensure that you're aware of all the premises your argument is based on and that you know that your premises are true.
- You can engage in self-distancing by treating your arguments as if they're presented by someone else. This can help you rationally...
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A false premise
... is a faulty assumption that becomes the basis of an argument and makes it logically unsound. For example, all birds can fly. Penguins can't fly. Therefore, penguins aren't birds. The premise that all birds can fly is false since some birds can't fly.
A...
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Explicit and implicit premises
- An explicit premise is when a premise is mentioned directly as part of an argument.
- An implicit premise means that the premise is hinted at and used as part of the argument.
Someone might choose to rely on a particular implicit premi...
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How to respond to false premises
When you respond to the use of false premises, you should generally call them out as false, explain why they're false, and how them being false invalidates the argument.
- False premises can be implicit rather than explicit.
- It can also be helpful to ask the p...
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Related collections
Other curated ideas on this topic:
The Gish gallop and logical fallacies
Arguments in a Gish gallop often contain various logical fallacies, such as the strawman fallacy which attacks a fabricated argument, or appeals to nature, which claims something is good because it is perceived as natural.
What Is A Logical Fallacy
Logical fallacies are flawed, deceptive, or false arguments that can be proven wrong with reasoning. These are the most common fallacies you should know about.
Arguments and debates are an important part of college and academic discourse. But not every argument is perfect. Some can be picke...
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