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Psychology Explains How Cultural Differences Influence Human Behavior
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Cross-cultural psychology
Cross-cultural psychology is defined as a branch of psychology that analyses the effects of cultural factors on human behavior.
For instance, while some cultures play a great importance on individualism, others choose collectivism as being more important.
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The importance of cross-cultural psychology
The first important role cross-cultural psychology has is to rectify most of the biases that people have in the field.
Furthermore, this branch of the psychology is used to understand the influence that cultural differences have on people's perception of each other.
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The culture
The term 'culture' can be defined as the characteristics of a group of people, from attitudes to values, transmitted from generation to generation.
The cross-cultural psychology studies, by means of etic or emic approach, the way culture influences our life as a whole or the idea of ethnocentrism, which so often leads to biases.
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Topics in cross-cultural pshycology
The main topics in cross-cultural psychology are the following:
- Emotions
- Language acquisition
- Child development
- Personality
- Social behavior
- Family and social relationships/
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Branches of psychology
The main difference between the cross-cultural psychology and the other branches of psychology refers to the fact that cross-cultural psychology analyses the effects of culture on human behavior, whereas the other types of psychology focus more on how people themselves influence the human behavior.
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SIMILAR ARTICLES & IDEAS:
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Community Psychology
It is a multidisciplinary subject of psychology that synthesizes elements from various disciplines like sociology, public health, social psychology, political science and cross-cultural psychology....
Change For The Better
Community Psychologists work on empowerment, diversity, community building, health promotion, civic participation and health promotion, using the two types of change models:
- First-Order change shapes the individuals in order to prevent or fix a larger community issue.
- Second-Order change modifies the broader social systems in order to make the individuals fit better into their environments.
Community Psychology: The Beginning
Community Psychology emerged in the 1960s when it was increasingly apparent that clinical psychology cannot address broader social and community-specific issues, especially the unique problems in mental health and well-being.
Now, the American Psychological Association(APA) has a section devoted to this subject and several academic journals are published in this rising field.
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Different Psychologies
Psychology, which was largely developed in North American and Europe, has largely been able to understand human behavior and mental processes.
As our knowledge of different cultures and thou...
The Right Representation
Normally, studies conducted to understand human behavior have participants representing the wider human population, which may be true in a certain geography but isn't accurate when we take into account other cultures and demographics.
More than 90% of the participants in psychological studies originate from countries that are Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic (W.E.I.R.D) which is neither a random sample nor a real representation of the human population.
Different Ways Of Being
People across the world have different ways of describing themselves, different mental associations and thinking styles, possessing radically diverse motivations, upbringing, and social relationships.
What may be categorized as a mental illness in a certain part of the world may be normal behavior in another. Cultural differences pervade in a wider array of human behavior and there is a need to increase the circumference and scope of these studies.
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There is no standard definition of intelligence
Present approaches suggest that intelligence means having the capacity to:
- Learn from experience: this relates to the acquisition, retention, and use of knowledge.
History of the IQ (Intelligence Quotient)
- The term IQ was first formulated in the early 20th century by William Stern (a German psychologist).
- Psychologist Alfred Binet developed the first intelligence tests to help the French government identify kids who needed extra academic help.
- Although widely used, there continues to be debate and controversy over the use of such testing, cultural biases that may be involved, influences on intelligence, and even the very way we define intelligence.
General intelligence
Charles Spearman (British psychologist, 1863–1945) described a concept he referred to as general intelligence or the "g factor". He utilized the method named 'factor analysis' to investigate a few mental ability tests; his conclusion was that the results and scores on these tests were very similar:
People who did well on one cognitive test usually performed well on other tests, while those who performed badly on one test usually scored badly on others. Spearman concluded that intelligence is a general cognitive ability that can be measured and numerically expressed.