How to Read a Book: The Ultimate Guide by Mortimer Adler - Deepstash
How to Read a Book: The Ultimate Guide by Mortimer Adler

How to Read a Book: The Ultimate Guide by Mortimer Adler

Curated from: fs.blog

Ideas, facts & insights covering these topics:

10 ideas

·

2.71K reads

18

Explore the World's Best Ideas

Join today and uncover 100+ curated journeys from 50+ topics. Unlock access to our mobile app with extensive features.

How We Learn To Read

There is a difference between reading for understanding and reading for information.

A lot of people confuse knowing the name of something  with understanding. While great for exercising your memory, the regurgitation of facts without solid understanding and context gains you little in the real world.

A useful heuristic: Anything easily digested is reading for information.

64

707 reads

The Four Levels of Reading

Mortimer Adler literally wrote the book on reading . Adler identifies four levels of reading:

  1. Elementary Reading
  2. Inspectional Reading
  3. Analytical Reading
  4. Syntopical Reading

45

302 reads

1. Elementary Reading

This is the level of reading taught in our elementary schools. If you’re reading this website, you already know how to do this.

44

245 reads

2. Inspectional Reading

We’ve been taught that skimming and superficial reading are bad for understanding. That is not necessarily the case. Using these tools effectively can increase understanding.

  • Systematic skimming — This is meant to be a quick check of the book by (1) reading the preface; (2) studying the table of contents; (3) checking the index; and (4) reading the inside jacket.
  • Superficial reading — This is when you just read. Don’t ponder the argument, don’t look things up, don’t write in the margins. If you don’t understand something, move on.

Inspectional reading gives you the gist of things.

45

196 reads

3. Analytical Reading

At this point, you start to engage your mind and dig into the work required to understand what’s being said. I highly recommend you use marginalia to converse with the author .

Francis Bacon once remarked, “some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.”

You can think of analytical reading as doing that chewing and digesting. This is doing the work.

49

222 reads

four rules to Analytical Reading

  • Classify the book according to kind and subject matter.
  • State what the whole book is about with the utmost brevity.
  • Enumerate its major parts in their order and relation, and outline these parts as you have outlined the whole.
  • Define the problem or problems the author is trying to solve.

49

204 reads

4. Syntopical Reading

This is also known as comparative reading, and it represents the most demanding and difficult reading of all. Syntopical Reading involves reading many books on the same subject and comparing and contrasting ideas, vocabulary, and arguments.

This task is undertaken by identifying relevant passages, translating the terminology, framing and ordering the questions that need answering, defining the issues, and having a conversation with the responses.

The goal is not to achieve an overall understanding of any particular book, but rather to understand the subject and develop a deep fluency.

49

158 reads

Syntopical Reading

There are five steps to syntopical reading:

  • Finding the Relevant Passages
  • Bringing the Author to Terms
  • Getting the Questions Clear
  • Defining the Issues — Understanding multiple perspectives within an issue helps you form an intelligent opinion .
  • Analyzing the Discussion

47

161 reads

Becoming a Demanding Reader

Reading is all about asking the right questions in the right order and seeking answers.

  • What is this book about?
  • What is being said in detail, and how?
  • Is this book true in whole or in part?
  • What of it?

If all of this sounds like hard work, you’re right. Most people won’t do it. That’s what sets you apart.

51

188 reads

IDEAS CURATED BY

Damaru M's ideas are part of this journey:

How to Be More Mindful

Learn more about personaldevelopment with this collection

How to focus on the present moment

How to improve relationships through mindful communication

How to reduce stress and anxiety through mindfulness

Related collections

Read & Learn

20x Faster

without
deepstash

with
deepstash

with

deepstash

Personalized microlearning

100+ Learning Journeys

Access to 200,000+ ideas

Access to the mobile app

Unlimited idea saving

Unlimited history

Unlimited listening to ideas

Downloading & offline access

Supercharge your mind with one idea per day

Enter your email and spend 1 minute every day to learn something new.

Email

I agree to receive email updates