A Brief History of Sound in Cinema

Between optical sound and digital sound, filmmakers were pushing technological limits. At the forefront was George Lucas, who found mono-sound insufficient for his sci-fi space opera called Star.

He teamed up with sound engineers at Dolby and found a way to emit sound effects from four channels. In 1991, Batman Returns became the first film featuring sound coming from left, right, and centre in front, as well as right and left.

Before digital, magnetic tape and dubbers had to be cut physically. The ability to manipulate sounds digitally was profound.

The next question was how to take audio to another level. The goal was to make the sound more directional and enveloping. The solution came in the form of Dolby Surround 7.1, which also placed speakers at the back of the theatre.

Music no longer just stream through channels - they become "objects" that can be choreographed around a space and put in particular spots at specific moments to maximize the experience. This surround sound technology is known as Dolby Atmos.

Precise manipulations and the growing dynamic range of what we can hear, can bring the sound experience of movies closer to how we hear in real life. Particular attention has to be paid to the emotional effect of sound.

Traditionally making a movie was a multimillion-dollar affair. The equipment was hard to get because it was so expensive.

These days, everyone owns an iPhone. Some apps allow you to use your iPhone as a mic pack. The democratisation of technology, together with online platforms willing to share their work with the world, can help any indie auteur see their own visions realised.