The purpose of learning isn’t to affirm our beliefs; it’s to evolve our beliefs.

"The purpose of learning isn’t to affirm our beliefs; it’s to evolve our beliefs."

Adam Grants explains two types of conflicts:<ol><li>relationship conflicts, and</li><li>task conflicts. </li></ol>Task conflicts are constructive by nature. In relationship conflicts, it takes great respect for each other for such conflicts to be constructive.

Constructive Conflicts: How to Get Hot Without Getting Mad

We should teach ourselves to be confident but modest.

Overconfidence is ignorance plus arrogance. 

An organization with a culture of learning requires:<ol><li>psychological safety and </li><li>accountability to both the process and outcome.</li></ol>So, these are what they do:<ul><li>They avoid best practices and keep rethinking their solutions.</li><li>They are not afraid of making mistakes and learn from them. </li><li>Team members ask themselves and others, “How do you know?” in a nonjudgmental way.</li></ul>

Rethinking and corporate culture of learning

Rethinking liberates us to do more than updating our knowledge and opinions---It's a tool for leading a more fulfilling life.

Progress is impossible without change, and those who cannot change their minds cannot change anything.

Progress is impossible without change

The world changes constantly, so the best way to adapt to an ever-changing environment is to embrace rethinking.

Progress is impossible without change.

Arguments are extremely vulgar, for everyone in good society holds exactly the same opinions.

Every time we think or talk, we tend to fall into the role of one of these characters: <ol><li>a preacher, who is only interested in expressing himself</li><li>a prosecutor, whose goal is to win</li><li>a politician, a people pleaser</li><li>a scientist, who knows what they don't know and is willing to unlearn and rethink</li></ol>

To embrace a growth mindset, think like a scientist.

We should live by our personal values, instead. This will allow us to let go of our beliefs without crisis if they turn out to be wrong or go outdated.

Your identity is not determined by your beliefs. 

They do not attack the other side nor defend their position! <ol><li>They find common ground. </li><li>They present only a few reasons to support their case. </li><li>They ask questions. </li></ol>In Grant Adam's words:"They appeared less assertive, but much like in a dance, they led by letting their partners step forward."

Three Things a Skilled Negotiator Do Differently

We can't change others, but we can motivate them to change by using motivational interviewing: <ol><li>Ask open-ended questions</li><li>Engage in reflective listening</li><li>Affirm the person’s desire and ability to change</li></ol>The goal is not to persuade but to look for...<ul><li>sustain talk, and </li><li>change talk. </li></ul>When you identify change talk, you may ask questions that help people go deeper to motivate them to change.To be a good motivational interviewer, you must cultivate a genuine desire to help people reach their goals.

Motivational Interviewing: Helping Others Change through Questions

Check out these important #ideas from my favourite book: Think Again! 

#1 New York Times Bestseller “THIS. This is the right book for right now. Yes, learning requires focus. But, unlearning and relearning requires much more—it requires choosing courage over comfort. In Think Again, Adam Grant weaves together research and storytelling to help us build the intellectual and emotional muscle we need to stay curious enough about the world to actually change it. I’ve never felt so hopeful about what I don’t know.” —Brené Brown, Ph.D., #1 New York Times bestselling author of Dare to Lead The bestselling author of Give and Take and Originals examines the critical art of rethinking: learning to question your opinions and open other people's minds, which can position you for excellence at work and wisdom in life Intelligence is usually seen as the ability to think and learn, but in a rapidly changing world, there's another set of cognitive skills that might matter more: the ability to rethink and unlearn. In our daily lives, too many of us favor the comfort of conviction over the discomfort of doubt. We listen to opinions that make us feel good, instead of ideas that make us think hard. We see disagreement as a threat to our egos, rather than an opportunity to learn. We surround ourselves with people who agree with our conclusions, when we should be gravitating toward those who challenge our thought process. The result is that our beliefs get brittle long before our bones. We think too much like preachers defending our sacred beliefs, prosecutors proving the other side wrong, and politicians campaigning for approval--and too little like scientists searching for truth. Intelligence is no cure, and it can even be a curse: being good at thinking can make us worse at rethinking. The brighter we are, the blinder to our own limitations we can become. Organizational psychologist Adam Grant is an expert on opening other people's minds--and our own. As Wharton's top-rated professor and the bestselling author of Originals and Give and Take, he makes it one of his guiding principles to argue like he's right but listen like he's wrong. With bold ideas and rigorous evidence, he investigates how we can embrace the joy of being wrong, bring nuance to charged conversations, and build schools, workplaces, and communities of lifelong learners. You'll learn how an international debate champion wins arguments, a Black musician persuades white supremacists to abandon hate, a vaccine whisperer convinces concerned parents to immunize their children, and Adam has coaxed Yankees fans to root for the Red Sox. Think Again reveals that we don't have to believe everything we think or internalize everything we feel. It's an invitation to let go of views that are no longer serving us well and prize mental flexibility over foolish consistency. If knowledge is power, knowing what we don't know is wisdom.

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Personal Development

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Books

#1 New York Times Bestseller “THIS. This is the right book for right now. Yes, learning requires focus. But, unlearning and relearning requires much more—it requires choosing courage over comfort. In Think Again, Adam Grant weaves together research and storytelling to help us build the intellectual and emotional muscle we need to stay curious enough about the world to actually change it. I’ve never felt so hopeful about what I don’t know.” —Brené Brown, Ph.D., #1 New York Times bestselling author of Dare to Lead The bestselling author of Give and Take and Originals examines the critical art of rethinking: learning to question your opinions and open other people's minds, which can position you for excellence at work and wisdom in life Intelligence is usually seen as the ability to think and learn, but in a rapidly changing world, there's another set of cognitive skills that might matter more: the ability to rethink and unlearn. In our daily lives, too many of us favor the comfort of conviction over the discomfort of doubt. We listen to opinions that make us feel good, instead of ideas that make us think hard. We see disagreement as a threat to our egos, rather than an opportunity to learn. We surround ourselves with people who agree with our conclusions, when we should be gravitating toward those who challenge our thought process. The result is that our beliefs get brittle long before our bones. We think too much like preachers defending our sacred beliefs, prosecutors proving the other side wrong, and politicians campaigning for approval--and too little like scientists searching for truth. Intelligence is no cure, and it can even be a curse: being good at thinking can make us worse at rethinking. The brighter we are, the blinder to our own limitations we can become. Organizational psychologist Adam Grant is an expert on opening other people's minds--and our own. As Wharton's top-rated professor and the bestselling author of Originals and Give and Take, he makes it one of his guiding principles to argue like he's right but listen like he's wrong. With bold ideas and rigorous evidence, he investigates how we can embrace the joy of being wrong, bring nuance to charged conversations, and build schools, workplaces, and communities of lifelong learners. You'll learn how an international debate champion wins arguments, a Black musician persuades white supremacists to abandon hate, a vaccine whisperer convinces concerned parents to immunize their children, and Adam has coaxed Yankees fans to root for the Red Sox. Think Again reveals that we don't have to believe everything we think or internalize everything we feel. It's an invitation to let go of views that are no longer serving us well and prize mental flexibility over foolish consistency. If knowledge is power, knowing what we don't know is wisdom.

Adam Grant is an accomplished writer whose work has resonated with readers around the world. Adam Grant has published several books that explore a range of topics, from fiction to nonfiction, and has received critical acclaim for the ability to weave compelling narratives. Adam Grant's writing style is known for its depth and authenticity, and has earned quite a loyal following of readers.

To embrace a growth mindset, think like a scientist.

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