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Extreme Environments, Not Only a Distance Issue

Extreme Environments, Not Only a Distance Issue

As well as distance, the extreme environment faced during transit to and on Mars includes

  • microgravity
  • high radiation levels and
  • an enclosed pressurised cabin or suit.

This is tough on astronauts’ bodies and takes time getting used to.

We already know that space travel changes astronauts’ cells, blood pressure regulation and heart performance. It also affects the body’s fluid distribution and weakens its bones and muscles. Space travellers may also develop infections more easily.

So in terms of fitness for surgery, an injured or unwell astronaut will be already at a physiological disadvantage.

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How Likely Is It To Need Surgeries in Space?

How Likely Is It To Need Surgeries in Space?

But how likely is it that an astronaut will actually need surgery?

For a crew of seven people, researchers estimate that there will be an average of one surgical emergency every 2.4 years during a Mars mission.

The main causes include injury, appendicitis, gallbladder inflammation or ...

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83 reads

Background

Background

With plans to put humans on Mars in the near future, a medical emergency beyond the stars could spell disaster. Nina Louise Purvis looks at how to fix this problem

Earlier this year, it was reported that an astronaut in space had devel...

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95 reads

Using 3D Printers

Using 3D Printers

The surgeries carried out in space so far have revealed that a large amount of support equipment is essential. This is a luxury the crew may not have on a virgin voyage to Mars.

You cannot take much equipment on a rocket. It has therefore been suggested that a 3D printer could use materials...

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33 reads

Surgeries in Mars?

Surgeries in Mars?

Mars is a whopping 33.9 million miles away from Earth, when closest. In comparison, the International Space Agency (ISS) orbits just 248 miles above Earth.

For surgical emergencies on the ISS, the procedure is to ...

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69 reads

It Has Worked Before...

It Has Worked Before...

Surgery in microgravity is possible and has already been carried out, albeit not on humans yet.

For example, astronauts have managed to repair rat tails and perform laparoscopy – a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to examine and repair the organs inside the abdomen – on animals, w...

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50 reads

Robotics Surgery

Robotics Surgery

Robotic surgery is another option that has been used routinely on Earth and tested for planetary excursions.

During Neemo 7, a series of missions in the underwater habitat Aquarius in Florida Keys by Nasa, surgery by a robot controlled from another lab was successfully used to remove a fake...

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38 reads

The Surgical Environment

The Surgical Environment

When orbiting or settled on Mars, however, we would ideally need a hypothetical “traumapod”, with radiation shielding, surgical robots, advanced life support and restraints.

This would be a dedicated module with filtered air supply and a computer to aid in diagnosis and treatment.

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Conclusion

Conclusion

There is a wealth of research and preparation for the possible event of a surgical emergency during a Mars mission, but there are many unknowns, especially when it comes to diagnostics and anaesthesia. Ultimately, prevention is better than surgery. So selecting healthy crew and developing the eng...

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The Obvious Issue

The Obvious Issue

One problem was that, during open surgery, the intestines would float around, obscuring the view of the surgical field. To deal with this, space travellers should opt for minimally invasive surgical techniques, such as keyhole surgery, ideally occurring within patients’ internal cavities through ...

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42 reads

Bodily Fluids Behave Differently in  Space

Bodily Fluids Behave Differently in Space

Bodily fluids will also behave differently in space and on Mars. The blood in our veins may stick to instruments due to surface tension.

Floating droplets may form streams that could restrict the surgeon’s view- not ideal.

The circulating air of an enclosed cabin may also be an inf...

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36 reads

One of the Main Challenges to Space Travel

One of the Main Challenges to Space Travel

Surgical emergencies are in fact one of the main challenges when it comes to human space travel. But over the last few years, space medicine researchers have come up with a number of ideas that could help, from surgical robots to 3D printe...

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CURATED FROM

CURATED BY

.miu.

19 yo medical student😄 I share interesting and sciency articles! 🇬🇧🇧🇩 MBTI: INTJ-T

I have been researching about the future of healthcare and how it would change over the coming years with the evolving technologies and the growing population. This context may be way into the future, but it is interesting to consider how space medicine can be possible, as you need more than a rocket to venture out in space!

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