Kant's Formula of Humanity states that treating any human being as a means to some other end is the basis of all wrong behaviour. You must act unconditionally. For example, you must respect someone without expecting anything in return. If you expect something in return then you are treating someone as a means.

Lying is wrong because you are misleading another person's conscious behaviour in order to achiever your own goal. You are treating that person as a means to your own end.

The problem with hope is that it is fundamentally transactional - it is a bargain between one's current actions for some imagined, pleasant future. Don't eat this, and you'll go to heaven. Don't kill that person, or you'll get in trouble. Work hard and save your money, because that will make you ...