Low-Status Compensation: A Theory for Understanding the Roots and Trajectory of Violence
Curated from: uni-bielefeld.com
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Low-Status Compensation Theory
Social relationships put many people in low-status social positions that threaten their sense of worth as human beings. That threat must be managed, controlled, or compensated for in some fashion, including the vigilant defense of one's existing sense of personal worth.
Compensation refers to any action that aims to make amends for some lack or loss in personal characteristics or status.
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Worth and social status
Information about our worth in society comes from references to our social status in society.
We form the core of who we are as well as our sense of overall worth based on our perception of how others in the world react to us, and what they tell us about ourselves.
Moreover, a great deal of our sense of self comes from our social identities. This leads us to integrate the value of the groups to which we belong into our value as a person.
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Sources of status
1. Interpersonal relationships
- Many of them are hierarchically ordered and contain information about our expected roles.
- Example: breadwinner to housekeeper partner.
2. Position in organizations
- These are hierarchical by nature and require us to assume a certain role in the relationship.
- Example: boss to employee.
3. Group memberships
- Some groups in society have higher status and others have lower status. The group's status is thought to be directly related to its value in society.
- Examples: citizens are valued more than recent immigrants, higher class people more than lower class people.
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Compensation strategies
Strategies that protect self-worth and try to increase one's status:
- Demanding and focusing on receiving respect, recognition, and dignity from others
- Complaining about offensive words used against them
Indirect strategies that replace status with other resources (love, information, money, goods, and services) in hope of re-establishing personal worth:
- Having closer family relationships
- Having higher levels of religiosity
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