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The Humanistic School of Thought
- Humanistic psychology is a response to psychoanalysis and behaviourism and focuses on individual free will, personal growth, and self-actualisation.
- This school of thought is focused on helping people achieve and fulfil their potential. It had a huge influence on positive psychology that centres on helping people live happier and more fulfilling lives.
- Major humanist thinkers include Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers.
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- Behaviourism suggests that all behaviours can be explained by environmental causes. It includes classical conditioning and operant conditioning.
- This school of thought became dominant in the 1950s and had a significant influence on the course of psychology.
- This school of psychology is based on the idea that we experience things as unified wholes.
- The approach started in the late 19th century in response to the molecular approach of structuralism.
- Instead of breaking down thoughts and behaviour to their smal...
- Cognitive psychology studies mental processes, including how people think, perceive, remember, and learn. It is related to other disciplines such as neuroscience, philosophy, and linguistics.
- This branch of psychology emerged during the 1950s as a response to behav...
When psychology developed as a science that was separate from biology and philosophy, they did not know how to describe the human mind and behaviour.
Different schools of psychology emerged that represent major theories within psychology. At first, psychologists identified...
- Structuralism was the first school of thought and focused on breaking down mental processes into their most basic elements using techniques such as introspection. Major thinkers are Wilhelm Wundt and Edward Titchener.
- Functionalism...
Psychoanalysis emphasises the influence of the unconscious mind on behaviour.
Sigmund Freud found this school of thought. He believed that the mind was composed of three elements that interacted to create complex human behaviours:
- Id consists of p...
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The beginnings of psychology differ significantly from contemporary conceptions of the field. Modern psychology covers a range of topics, looking at human behavior en mental processes from the neural level to the cultural level.
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- Classical conditioning: A behavioural technique where a natural stimulus is paired with a previously neutral stimulus. The previously neutral stimulus eventually cause the response without pairing it to the natural stimulus.
- Operant conditioning: A...
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- He was the first founder of the psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig which marked the official beginning of psychology as an independent science;
- Has many beliefs and theories but was heavily misunderstood by some due to the languag...
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