Jokes in shows like The Office and Curb Your Enthusiasm were at first lost on many people, or the awkwardness was too much. Cringe comedy is a highly successful genre in film and TV, yet some people either don't get it or actively dislike it. What is less clear is how cringe comedy works and why some people enjoy the secondhand embarrassment or find it excruciating or boring.

Cringe comedy

Cringe is present in certain elements of slapstick humour, in that we laugh at someone’s humiliation or misfortune. But there's something noticeably different between laughing at Mr Bean and the cringe comedy of today. Cringe comedy gives a feeling of embarrassment when watching someone behave in an embarrassing way. The difference between slapstick and cringe is that slapstick feels more detached, where we laugh at someone. Cringe comedy feels personal, as if we live through their embarrassment.

Why we cringe

Humans are wired to function in societies. We are highly sensitive to emotions like shame, embarrassment, and cringe. Cringe comedy seems to exploit that awareness. We may enjoy it because it simulate unusual social situations and we witness the consequences without having to experience them. In this way, cringe comedy may strengthen a kind of defence mechanism against the cringe of our own lives. Those who experience greater degrees of cringe are more empathetic.

The science of cringe comedy

There’s a difference between experiencing cringe and finding it funny.We laugh at moral or social violations which offer no real hurt and are not happening to us. Cringe humor has to relate to our everyday lives in some way. When we laugh at cringe comedy, we reestablish ourselves on the right side of social norms or taboos. We know the rule and know when someone has broken them, and then we laugh to relieve our own sense of social anxiety.

Venting social anxiety

Cringe tell us that there might be more than one thing going on. Sometimes, we empathise with the events, such as watching a mild social faux pas - someone wearing the wrong clothes to a party. However, cringe comedy should be separated from contemptuous cringe, which involves an emotional distancing from the person you're cringing at. You perceive the person as embarrassing themselves, but instead of feeling embarrassment on their behalf, you feel annoyance and disgust at them.

The contemptuous and the empathetic

Empathetic cringe, where we relate to the situation, could be viewed as us mocking ourselves.A contemptuous cringe has a darker side. The producer or comedian may manufacture or invent contempt. For example, when we are invited to laugh at the weakness is "Screeching Feminists" are we saying that feminism is shameful?

When we laugh at something, we ridicule it 

Why do will some people find cringe comedy hilarious, while others will see it as boring rubbish? The answer is your life experiences.

Understand yourself and those around you.

psychology

Psychology

movies

Movies & Shows

entertainment

Entertainment

artsandculture

Society, Arts & Culture

Why do some people love cringe comedy while others can't stand it?

Humans are the most advanced species on earth because of their ability to share knowledge and learn from each other. For example, someone has to drill for oil and make plastic before a computer mouse can be made. However, no one person could build a computer mouse from scratch. This shows that humans have more power as a group than any individual alone.

The Rise of Collective Intelligence

Our cultural evolution began with cooking. Cooked foods are higher in calories and require less chewing than raw foods. In less time, more nutritious food could be shared by more people due to cooking. It also led to the early specialization of labor: women gathered grains, while men hunted large animals. With this increase in nutrition and the surplus created by cooking, trade began in ancient times.

It Started With Cooking

Over the past 10,000 years, life expectancy has increased and infant mortality has decreased. People are healthier now than they were in the past. They have more food options and can afford to buy everyday items that are much cheaper than they used to be. Life has improved drastically over time—in 1800 England, life expectancy was only 40 years old! Today’s society is much safer than what it used to be a hundred years ago. Nowadays you can get almost anything you want at any time of day—foods that kings could only dream about are available on every street corner!

How Far We Have Come

Although the world has become a better place, it’s not necessarily making people happier. People in developing nations are doing better than those in developed ones were 50 years ago. However, they’re still not satisfied with their lives and want more things like electronics and cars. One reason for this is that although most Americans have all of these things already, they still want more because other people have even nicer stuff than them. Happiness comes from social justice and political freedom as well as prosperity.

A Rising Tide Lifts the Poor’s Boat, Too

The miracles of globalization are clear to consumers. Consumers can purchase products from all around the world, and they have access to a wide variety of goods and services. This is possible because people specialize in doing one thing well, so that they can trade their goods with others who do other things well. Most workers only make one small item or provide one service, which allows them to buy many different kinds of items made by thousands of other people.

A Global Market

People’s lives are easier now than ever before because they don’t need to spend every hour providing for themselves; instead, they rely on the labor of others thanks to transportation and logistics.The division of labor began thousands of years ago after cooking with fire became commonplace; men hunted while women gathered food for the family.

Enjoying The Labour Of Others

Human interactions among strangers were often violent long before trade-based societies emerged, and war over limited resources was relatively common. Things changed, however, as we lived in larger groups and traded with outsiders. Trust developed between us, which propelled humanity forward.Developing trust is dependent on exchange, a uniquely human attribute. Through exchange, people began to realize that cooperating with strangers was in their own self-interest.

From Fighting To Bargaining

The threat of overpopulation was real, but technological advances over the past few centuries have put an end to it. <ul><li>First, internal combustion engines replaced draught animals that required extra land for grazing. There was an instant shift from grazing to farming. </li><li>Secondly, the invention of fertilizer in the early 1900s increased soil productivity, enabling more food to be produced on a smaller area of land.</li></ul>

Tackling Overpopulation

Around 7,000 years ago, cities appeared along trade routes in Mesopotamia, where goods were exchanged from around the world. Wine, metals, olive oil, wheat and wool, as well as other goods they could not source locally, were traded through these routes. The products made from these goods and the demand for them in the cities facilitated the first merchants and professional traders. Rather than living off the land, people were able to make an income through trade for the first time in history.

The Start Of Modern Trade

Innovations have continued to be sparked by cities throughout history. As London developed more inventions than any other city in 1800, the world marveled. It is not that Londoners were smarter than everyone else, but rather that the city was drawing talent from around the world. Inventors knew they could mix their ideas with the important ideas of others in London. Historically, cities have been centres of incubation and diffusion of ideas. Education increased as fresh ideas from around the world cross pollinated.

Innovation And The City

The discovery of fossil fuels such as coal led to the greatest improvement in energy efficiency. In the late 1900s, these fuels accounted for 85% of the world’s energy use. Suddenly, slavery and animal labor became unprofitable because fossil fuels were so efficient. Everyone’s income and standard of living rose as a result of the use of fossil fuels.

Fossil Fuels

We can prevent climate change altogether. Even if environmentalists try to reduce carbon emissions by force, natural reductions are occurring nonetheless. Technologies are continuously improved to reduce carbon emissions. As the ratio of carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms decreased dramatically as humans moved from wood to coal, oil, and gas for energy. By 1935, only 50% of all combustion used to make energy was based on carbon atoms. By 2070, most carbon atoms will have been removed from the energy system due to innovation.

Handling Climate Change Together

Untold numbers of strangers share photographs, advice, recipes, donations, and even medical records online, 24 hours a day. The simple act of sharing benefits others and contributes to a vast knowledge network in ways that cannot be underestimated.The Internet has transformed the Internet into a global city in which almost everyone on the planet can freely share knowledge, despite the fact that we all live separate lives in different parts of the world.Because the Internet specializes in one thing: exchange, a massive cultural revolution is underway.

The Internet And The Cross Pollination Of Ideas

By sharing ideas, they grow and thrive. Since the 1800s, we have increased living standards as a result of the accumulation of collective knowledge.As more people gain an understanding of a bicycle, for instance, they will find new ways to use it and develop new technology based on it. <ul><li>Our ability to share ideas more efficiently raises the bar for all of humanity.</li><li>Often, we do not realize how good our ideas are until they are shared.</li></ul>

Sharing Of Ideas

Read about these urban centers that were sites of significant advances in culture, economics, politics, technology, etc.

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Reading & Writing

history

History

philosophy

Philosophy

Centers of Progress

A positive look at how far we have come, and how much good we can do, together.

For two hundred years the pessimists have dominated public discourse, insisting that things will soon be getting much worse. But in fact, life is getting better—and at an accelerating rate. Food availability, income, and life span are up; disease, child mortality, and violence are down all across the globe. Africa is following Asia out of poverty; the Internet, the mobile phone, and container shipping are enriching people's lives as never before. In his bold and bracing exploration into how human culture evolves positively through exchange and specialization, bestselling author Matt Ridley does more than describe how things are getting better. He explains why. An astute, refreshing, and revelatory work that covers the entire sweep of human history—from the Stone Age to the Internet—The Rational Optimist will change your way of thinking about the world for the better.

technologyandthefuture

Technology & The Future

books

Books

For two hundred years the pessimists have dominated public discourse, insisting that things will soon be getting much worse. But in fact, life is getting better—and at an accelerating rate. Food availability, income, and life span are up; disease, child mortality, and violence are down all across the globe. Africa is following Asia out of poverty; the Internet, the mobile phone, and container shipping are enriching people's lives as never before. In his bold and bracing exploration into how human culture evolves positively through exchange and specialization, bestselling author Matt Ridley does more than describe how things are getting better. He explains why. An astute, refreshing, and revelatory work that covers the entire sweep of human history—from the Stone Age to the Internet—The Rational Optimist will change your way of thinking about the world for the better.

Matt Ridley

The Rational Optimist

<ul><li>Social media can serve as a powerful medium to get a message out or educate a group of people</li><li>It can break down barriers by making information accessible, but discernment is necessary.</li><li>Although it may seem like scary territory, these questions surrounding online medical advice and nuanced conversations aren't new.</li><li>Today, the methods of communication and vessels for these types of messages just look a bit different.</li></ul>

Social Media and Medical Health Advice

Prominent researchers have analyzed the pros and cons of TikTok as a channel for receiving medical advice - specifically when it comes to lower back pain.It is found that social media is useful and important in the medical sphere: awareness.First-person confessional content by influencers on TikTok can raise awareness for those who may have experienced similar situations, which can have a comforting or eye-opening effect.

Benefits Of Health Advice On TikTok

Just because a theory or medical occurrence isn't yet integrated into mainstream medicine doesn't mean it's wrong or incorrectViewers can be susceptible to inaccurate medical advice on these digital channels when they are experiencing pain that is not getting better, haven't visited a doctor, and continue to cycle through these videos in the hope of an answer for healing

Challenges of Health Advice on Social Media

<ul><li>Be discriminating in who puts the advice up.</li><li>If it's a medically licensed professional, find out what organization they belong to and see what their background is, what their area of expertise is, and what other official information is out there on what they know.</li><li>Seek out other medical professionals' content to see what the majority is saying.</li></ul>

Find Out The Source

<ul><li>Seek out and engage with content that references reputable institutional sources.</li><li>If what you are hearing or seeing is reputable, you’re going to see it in reputable publications.</li><li>Mainstream publications that have large volume.</li><li>Medical publications or channels that are geared towards providing unbiased clinical information.</li></ul>

Research Regarding The Content

Shorter formats make it harder to discuss complex, nuanced topics and answer difficult health questionsRed Flags Extremes:<ul><li>Quick fixes</li><li>Substance intake</li><li>Aesthetic</li><li>Language</li></ul>Content beginning or ending with a disclaimer encouraging viewers to see or consult with a medical professional is a safer bet.

TikTok And Facebook: The Platform Matters

<ul><li>While general advice can be helpful, your physician knows your history and the other factors attached to your personal health.</li><li>Everything has to be put into context as it pertains to your individual case, because healthcare is individualized.</li><li>Bring any information you've come across or want to integrate into your own life to your next visit.</li></ul>

The Bottom Line

There’s a slew of medical tips and takes floating around social network platforms. Find out how to differentiate real advice from risky tips.

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Marketing & Sales

health

Health

scienceandnature

Science & Nature

Can You Trust Social Media for Health Advice?

Tiktok videos offer  “tips” or “hacks” on how to go viral on TikTok, which is embarrassing in itself but even worse in practice: titles range from “<a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@itxmejules/video/6936210746615270662?_t=8SS6ZkTMggs&_r=1">How to Grow Your Account to 1k Followers in 1 Week,</a>” to <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@itsmarisajo/video/6941540017609116934?_t=8SS6au5fMaI&_r=1">“10 Video Ideas Anyone Can Use,</a>” or “<a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@hipsamagrowth/video/6976741619231935750?_t=8SS6Te0B3Tq&_r=1">How to EASILY Produce Video Ideas for TikTok.”</a> That last one gives the following advice: “Find somebody else’s TikTok that inspires you and then literally copy it. You don’t need to copy it completely, but you can get pretty close.”

TikTok Videos On Copying Others TikToks

Plagiarism, both the intentional kind that can fall anywhere on the spectrum of “pretty shitty” to “actively evil,” and the kind you do when you’re making content in a system of increasingly lucrative rewards for stealing successful people’s stuff. Though plagiarism is arguably most prevalent on TikTok, it’s even harder to police the plagiarism that happens between different platforms.

The Age Of Instant Plagiarism

Plagiarism, it should be noted, is perfectly legal in the United States, provided it doesn’t cross the (often nebulous) definition of intellectual property theft. Movies, music, or works of fiction have robust legal protections against this (recall the zillions of lawsuits between artists for stealing each other’s samples),  but it often isn’t worth the time and money to pursue legal action.

The Legal View On Plagiarism

Internet posts are, for the most part, not copyrightable intellectual property. Instead, they’re more like a hybrid of journalism and comedy, meaning that social media typically must police itself against thieves.As it turns out, aggregating and repacking content is quite easy on social media.

Social Media And Intellectual Property

The first was in the ’90s and early 2000s, when people stole each other’s work because they wanted to pass it off on their own, but didn’t necessarily have a profit motive. The second was in the mid-2000s, when search engine optimization became a widespread practice and sites could make money from crappy, AI-written work that capitalized on the strategic placement of certain keywords.  The third era is made up of the kind that flourishes on social media, where users compete for the most attention-grabbing content in the hopes they might make ad revenue or score a brand deal.

Internet Plagiarism: The Three Eras

While the technology to detect it has improved, it’s far more difficult to weed out plagiarism when it happens in different forms of media: written work that’s turned into a video, a podcast that’s turned into a book. Rather than relying on data systems to tell us when something is stolen, then, plagiarism experts acknowledge that the shift about proper idea attribution needs to happen culturally.

Everybody Is Looking For A Side Hustle

Are you "hopping on a trend" through viral growth hacks on TikTok and Instagram or are you plagiarizing?

How the internet gets people to plagiarize each other

The technology that connects us;also controls us,also manipulates us,also polarizes us,also distracts us,also monetizes us,also devides us

The Social Dilemma

If you are not paying for the product,then you are the productthe gradual, slight, imperceptible change in your own behaviour and perception, that is the product.

It is a documentary that emphasizes the following points:-the technology ( be it Facebook, instagram, snap chat, YouTube, Google like tech. Companies or your mobile phone and gadgets ) that connects us to the world, also..1. controls us, by using our own psychology ( of dopamine pathway- pain, pleasure and anticipation ) against us.2. manipulates us, fake news speeds 6 times faster than truth on social media like Facebook, and people literally believe flat earth controversy and pizzagate theory, if they see same information again & again in different forms.

3. Polarizes us, which causes social chaos. some experts say if it goes through like this it can even lead to extinction of humanity. 4. Distracts us, I don't need to say anything here, u know it very well.

5. Monetizes us, they see what we scroll, touch, type, see, pause on everything. And what do they with this data? They sell it to companies who want to sell us stuff, so essentially they are selling us. ( Shook? Me too) 6. Devides us, we belive the other person is our enemy, if he/ she doesn't agree on our opinion of some mundane topic even.

It is such a Powerful and need of the hour kind of documentary available on Netflix, but hey don't worry if you don't have Netflix, you can still watch it on telegram, it is easily available there.This information should not be limited to insiders of tech companies only but be reached to everyone of social media users.

The truth about the social media needs to be understood by everyone of its users, so that they can know how it is ruining our life. Only after you see the ugly truth, you can do something about it.

We tweet, we like, and we share— but what are the consequences of our growing dependence on social media? As digital platforms increasingly become a lifeline to stay connected, Silicon Valley insiders reveal how social media is reprogramming civilization by exposing what’s hiding on the other side of your screen. https://Netflix.com/thesocialdilemma ABOUT THE SOCIAL DILEMMA The world has long recognized the positive applications of social media, from its role in empowering protesters to speak out against oppression during the Arab Spring uprisings almost a decade ago, to serving an instrumental role in fighting for equity and justice today. And in 2020, during an astonishing global pandemic, social media has become our lifeline to stay in touch with loved ones, as well as proving to be an asset for mobilizing civil rights protests. However, the system that connects us also invisibly controls us. The collective lack of understanding about how these platforms actually operate has led to hidden and often harmful consequences to society—consequences that are becoming more and more evident over time, and consequences that, the subjects in The Social Dilemma suggest, are an existential threat to humanity. The Social Dilemma is a powerful exploration of the disproportionate impact that a relatively small number of engineers in Silicon Valley have over the way we think, act, and live our lives. The film deftly tackles an underlying cause of our viral conspiracy theories, teenage mental health issues, rampant misinformation and political polarization, and makes these issues visceral, understandable, and urgent. Through a unique combination of documentary investigation and entertaining narrative drama, award-winning filmmakers Jeff Orlowski (Chasing Ice, Chasing Coral) and Larissa Rhodes (Chasing Coral) have once again exposed the invisible in a manner that is both enlightening and harrowing as they disrupt the disrupters by unveiling the hidden machinations behind everyone’s favorite social media and search platforms. The film features compelling interviews with high-profile tech whistleblowers and innovation leaders including Tristan Harris of the Center for Humane Technology; the co-inventor of the Facebook “Like” button, Justin Rosenstein; Tim Kendall, former President of Pinterest and former Director of Monetization at Facebook; Cathy O’Neil, author of Weapons of Math Destruction; Rashida Richardson, Director of Policy at the AI Now Institute, and many others. Demonstrating how social media affects consumers on a personal level, these fascinating insider insights are seamlessly woven into a captivating narrative, including Vincent Kartheiser (Mad Men), that illuminates the very real consequences these seemingly innocent technologies can have on our everyday lives. SUBSCRIBE: http://bit.ly/29qBUt7 About Netflix: Netflix is the world's leading streaming entertainment service with 193 million paid memberships in over 190 countries enjoying TV series, documentaries and feature films across a wide variety of genres and languages. Members can watch as much as they want, anytime, anywhere, on any internet-connected screen. Members can play, pause and resume watching, all without commercials or commitments. The Social Dilemma | Official Trailer | Netflix https://youtube.com/Netflix

personaldevelopment

Personal Development

computerscience

Computer Science

We tweet, we like, and we share— but what are the consequences of our growing dependence on social media? As digital platforms increasingly become a lifeline to stay connected, Silicon Valley insiders reveal how social media is reprogramming civilization by exposing what’s hiding on the other side of your screen.

https://Netflix.com/thesocialdilemma

ABOUT THE SOCIAL DILEMMA

The world has long recognized the positive applications of social media, from its role in empowering protesters to speak out against oppression during the Arab Spring uprisings almost a decade ago, to serving an instrumental role in fighting for equity and justice today. And in 2020, during an astonishing global pandemic, social media has become our lifeline to stay in touch with loved ones, as well as proving to be an asset for mobilizing civil rights protests. However, the system that connects us also invisibly controls us. The collective lack of understanding about how these platforms actually operate has led to hidden and often harmful consequences to society—consequences that are becoming more and more evident over time, and consequences that, the subjects in The Social Dilemma suggest, are an existential threat to humanity.

The Social Dilemma is a powerful exploration of the disproportionate impact that a relatively small number of engineers in Silicon Valley have over the way we think, act, and live our lives. The film deftly tackles an underlying cause of our viral conspiracy theories, teenage mental health issues, rampant misinformation and political polarization, and makes these issues visceral, understandable, and urgent. Through a unique combination of documentary investigation and entertaining narrative drama, award-winning filmmakers Jeff Orlowski (Chasing Ice, Chasing Coral) and Larissa Rhodes (Chasing Coral) have once again exposed the invisible in a manner that is both enlightening and harrowing as they disrupt the disrupters by unveiling the hidden machinations behind everyone’s favorite social media and search platforms. 

The film features compelling interviews with high-profile tech whistleblowers and innovation leaders including Tristan Harris of the Center for Humane Technology; the co-inventor of the Facebook “Like” button, Justin Rosenstein; Tim Kendall, former President of Pinterest and former Director of Monetization at Facebook; Cathy O’Neil, author of Weapons of Math Destruction; Rashida Richardson, Director of Policy at the AI Now Institute, and many others. Demonstrating how social media affects consumers on a personal level, these fascinating insider insights are seamlessly woven into a captivating narrative, including Vincent Kartheiser (Mad Men), that illuminates the very real consequences these seemingly innocent technologies can have on our everyday lives.

SUBSCRIBE: http://bit.ly/29qBUt7

About Netflix:
Netflix is the world's leading streaming entertainment service with 193 million paid memberships in over 190 countries enjoying TV series, documentaries and feature films across a wide variety of genres and languages. Members can watch as much as they want, anytime, anywhere, on any internet-connected screen. Members can play, pause and resume watching, all without commercials or commitments.

The Social Dilemma | Official Trailer | Netflix
https://youtube.com/Netflix

Toss A Coin To Your Witcher 🐺 

Get Netflix's latest trailers and updates here! Netflix is the world's leading streaming entertainment service with over 209 million paid memberships in over 190 countries enjoying TV series, documentaries, feature films , and games across a wide variety of genres and languages. Members can watch as much as they want, anytime, anywhere, on any internet-connected screen. Members can play, pause and resume watching at any time.


Netflix

The Social Dilemma | Official Trailer | Netflix

Hearsay is a testimony of documents quoting people who are not present in court. It is not hearsay for someone to comment on something said by another witness in court, but if the statement occurs outside of court, then it may be hearsay.

Hearsay

It is generally considered that a person is not likely to have the presence of mind to lie or give false statements during or immediately after a criminal act. If a statement is considered such an excited utterance, it might be acceptable as evidence. A written statement may also constitute hearsay. An exception is business records and government records.

Hearsay exceptions

A judge has discretion in sustaining or overruling hearsay objections. While a judge can sustain an objection because it is technically hearsay, in practice, most judges allow it because a person can be cross-examined.

A judge’s discretion

Johnny Depp v Amber Heard: What is hearsay?

<ul><li>Finland has a country-wide media literacy program at all levels of education.</li><li>Research suggests that misinformation-related education works; Finland is the top European country for media-related critical thinking.</li><li>Research in Uganda suggests that such training can work even in low-resource contexts.</li><li>The United States could benefit from evidence-based curricula aimed at media literacy.</li></ul>

Finland: A Model for Media Literacy Training

The Finnish educational model  teaches young students to push back against “fake news” as early as primary school. The Finnish government began this pedagogical push in 2014 when Russian disinformation became increasingly widespread in Finland.Such a program is increasingly necessary as Finnish children, like their counterparts around the world, consume news not from traditional sources, but from social media, including WhatsApp, Instagram, and Snapchat.

Making Them Aware At An Early Age

Finland is overwhelmingly the top country in the <a href="http://osis.bg/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/MediaLiteracyIndex2019_-ENG.pdf">European Media Literacy Index</a>. The report described Finland and other high-scoring countries as  best equipped to withstand the impact of fake news due to the quality of education, free media, and high trust among people. This early media education is an essential part of Finland’s success.

Early Media Literacy Education Works

The education system emphasizes the breakdown of misinformation, disinformation, and "malinformation".Misinformation includes errors that may be unintentional. Disinformation encompasses outright lies. And malinformation is what know as “gossip.” Malinformation may be accurate or inaccurate; either way, the goal is to cause harm.

Don’t Call It “Fake News”

Finland is a model for media literacy training at any age.

education

Learning & Education

problemsolving

Problem Solving

How Finland Fights Disinformation

Early museums began as private collections of wealthy individuals, families or institutions. They displayed rare or curious natural objects and artefacts in so-called wonder rooms or cabinets of curiosities. The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/791/capitoline-museums">Capitoline Museums</a> are the oldest public collection of art in the world. It began in 1471 when Pope Sixtus IV donated a group of important ancient sculptures to the people of Rome. You can see medieval and Renaissance art, ancient Roman statues, coin and jewellery collections, etc.

The Capitoline Museums

The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/785/vatican-museums">Vatican Museums</a> are a group of museums located inside the Vatican City. It traces its origins to the sculptural collection begun in 1506 by Pope Julius II. It displays works from the collection built up by the Roman Catholic Church throughout the centuries and includes masterpieces of Renaissance art.

The Vatican Museums (Musei Vaticani)

The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/16117/royal-armouries-tower-of-london">Royal Armouries in the Tower of London</a> is the oldest museum in Britain. It opened to the public in 1660. Royal Armouries is located at three sites across England:<ul><li>In a purpose-built museum in <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/1402/royal-armouries-museum-leeds">Leeds</a>, West Yorkshire</li><li>A Victorian fort at <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/7396/royal-armouries-museum-fort-nelson">Fort Nelson</a>, Portsmouth, Hampshire</li><li>Its historic home at the <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/16117/royal-armouries-tower-of-london">Tower of London in the White Tower</a></li></ul>

The Royal Armouries in the Tower of London

The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/1364/ashmolean-museum">Ashmolean Museum</a> in Britain is the oldest university museum in the world. In 1677, it received the cabinet of curiosities from Elias Ashmole. The museum houses an extensive collection of items with artistic and archaeological significance. Notable exhibitions include biblical manuscripts, drawings by Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo, watercolours by Turner, a ceremonial dress owned by Lawrence of Arabia, and more.

The Ashmolean Museum

The private collection was bought by the university and city of Basel in 1661 and opened to the public in 1671. The collection is now part of a rich historical and cultural heritage in the city of Basel. The main focus is on paintings and drawings by artists active in the Upper Rhine region between 1400 and 1600 and in the 19th and 21st centuries.

The Amerbach Cabinet

The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/5711/muse-des-beauxarts-et-darchologie">Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'archéologie</a> in Besançon was established in 1694 when an abbot, Jean-Baptiste Boisot, gave his personal collection to the Benedictines of the city to create a museum open to the public. The museum is famous for its extensive collections of archaeology, paintings, and drawing cabinet and includes Egyptian mummies and works of art from famous Italian, French, and Spanish painters.

 The Musée des Beaux-Arts et d'archéologie

Founded in 1717, Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (<a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/15970/kunstkamera">Kunstkamera</a>) in St. Petersburg is one of the richest ethnographical museums in the world.

The Kunstkamera 

The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/418/british-museum">British Museum</a> in London was founded in 1753. Sir Hans Sloane's personal collection of curios provided the initial collection. Today its collections number more than seven million objects from around the world and illustrate and documented the story of human culture.

The British Museum

The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/5340/uffizi-gallery">Uffizi Gallery</a> in Florence started in the 15th century by Cosimo de’ Medici. It is one of the most famous museums of paintings and sculpture globally, containing universally acclaimed Primitive and Renaissance paintings. It includes works by Giotto, Simone Martini, Piero della Francesca, Fra Angelico, Filippo Lippi, Botticelli, Mantegna, Correggio, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo and Caravaggio.

The Uffizi Gallery

The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/15967/the-state-hermitage-museum">State Hermitage Museum</a> in St. Petersburg, founded in 1764 by Catherine the Great, contains over three million works of art and artefacts of the world culture. It includes paintings, graphic works, sculptures and works of applied art, archaeological finds and numismatic material.

The State Hermitage Museum

The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/773/museo-nacional-del-prado">Museo del Prado</a> in Madrid. Founded in 1785 by Charles III of Spain, the significant royal collection represents the foundation of the Museum's collection as we know it today. Today, we can see great masterpieces such as The Garden of Earthly Delights by Bosh, The Nobleman with his hand on his Chest by El Greco, Death of the Virgin by Mantegna, The Holy Family known as The Pearl by Raphael, Emperor Carlos V on Horseback by Titian, The Foot Washing by Tintoretto, Self-portrait by Durër, Las Meninas by Velázquez, The Three Graces by Rubens, and The Family of Carlos IV by Goya.

Museo del Prado

The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/358/belvedere">Belvedere</a> Palace of the Habsburg monarchs in Vienna opened in 1781 with a collection of art. It holds the greatest collection of Austrian art dating from the Middle Ages to today.

The Belvedere Palace of the Habsburg monarchs

The <a href="http://museums.eu/museum/details/702/louvre-museum">Louvre Museum</a> opened to the public in 1793. It contains nearly 35,000 objects from prehistory to the 19th century.

The Louvre Museum in Paris

The first collection was established around 1790. The collections were officially opened to the public in 1817, making it the oldest institution of its kind in Romania. The museum comprises:<ul><li>European Art, Romanian Art and the Library (in the Brukenthal Palace),</li><li>Contemporary Art and the Museum of History (in the Altemberger House),</li><li>the Museum of Natural History, Museum of Pharmacy and Museum of Hunting.</li></ul>

The Brukenthal National Museum in Sibiu, Transylvania

The Museum was founded in 1773. It is the oldest in Latvia and the whole of the Baltics. The Museum is situated in Old Riga, in a remarkable architectural monument of the 13th–20th centuries - the ensemble of the Riga Dom. The rich and diverse collections of the Museum came from an art and natural sciences collection of a Riga doctor, Nikolaus von Himsel (1729–1764). It houses over 5000 000 items, grouped in about 80 collections.

The Museum of the History of Riga and Navigation

A list of some of the oldest and finest museums in Europe that you can still visit.

The world’s oldest museums

Community requires ritual and narrative.The paradoxes of the information age make the mind swim. The more we are informed, the more we are disoriented. The more we connect, the more we are divided. The more new content there is to consume, the less we are ever satisfied. The faster the network speed, the shorter our attention span becomes.We need a philosopher to sort it all out. Fortunately, such a thinker for our times has arrived on the scene: Byung-Chul Han, author of such penetrating meditations on digital society as “The Burnout Society” and “The Disappearance of Rituals.”

Paradoxes

“Bits of information provide neither meaning nor orientation,” Han observes in an interview with Noema this week. “They do not congeal into a narrative. They are purely additive. From a certain point onwards, they no longer inform — they deform.” The way information now courses through society is also corrosive.  “Digital communication redirects the flows of communication. Information is spread without forming a public sphere,” the South Korea-born German philosopher says. “It is produced in private spaces and distributed to private spaces.

Corrosive Information

The web does not create a public.” On the contrary: “The informatization of reality leads to its atomization — separated spheres of what is thought to be true.” Instead of the basis for a common narrative, truth becomes a subjective projection of those isolated from each other.He goes on: “This has highly deleterious consequences for the democratic process. Social media intensify this kind of communication without community. You cannot forge a public sphere out of influencers and followers.”

Atomization

As Han sees it, this fragmentary character of peer-to-peer communication both coincides with and fuels the erosion of those pillars of cohesion that once held communities together. “The inwardly turned, narcissistic ego with purely subjective access to the world is not the cause of social disintegration but the result of a fateful process at the objective level. Everything that binds and connects is disappearing. There are hardly any shared values or symbols, no common narratives that unite people.”

Erosion

For Han, the traditional rituals that once provided a founding orientation for society were discarded by modernity as hackneyed customs of the outmoded past. The past cannot be revived, but, as Han says, “What we need most are temporal structures that stabilize life. When everything is short-term, life loses all stability. Stability comes over long stretches of time: faithfulness, bonds, integrity, commitment, promises, trust. These are the social practices that hold a community together. They all have a ritual character.

Stability

They all require a lot of time. Today’s terror of short-termism — which, with fatal consequences, we mistake for freedom — destroys the practices that require time. To combat this terror, we need a very different temporal politics.”Han looks to culture for the recovery of a sense of stability amid the onslaught of accelerated digital time. “Cultural events such as theater, dance and even football have a ritual character. The only way in which we can revitalize community is through ritual forms. Today, culture is held together solely by instrumental and economic relations.

Ritual forms

But that does not found communities — it isolates people. Art, in particular, should play a central role in the revitalization of rituals.”Also writing in Noema, Tim Gorichanaz scores the dichotomous binary thinking encoded in digital communication as displacing our cultural capacity for contextual narrative, reflection and empathy when processing information. We are so lacking in these attributes nowadays, he notes, that we tear down potential heroes who would weave moral fiber into society through emulation before we can even stand them up.

Tim Gorichanaz 

While the philosopher Han looks to art to recover a culture of cohesion, Gorichanaz sees some promise in what he calls “slow technology.” “The digital revolution has shaken up our understanding of narrative, but there are new technologies that could help us recontextualize rather than decontextualize,” he writes. “Are.na, for example, is an online platform for bookmarking items you find online and making connections across them. It describes itself as ‘Tumblr meets Wikipedia.’ Users construct ‘channels’ by adding things they find — links, text, video — allowing narratives to emerge.

“Slow Technology” 

Roam Research is a similar platform, a notetaking app that allows complex interlinking between pieces of content, creating dynamic networks and hierarchies of information.”He concludes: “Societally, we need such technologies for the public, perhaps built into the social media platforms that have become the de-facto online living rooms for so many of us. We need context for the torrent of information sent our way.”

The Need of Context

Ritual. Narrative. Context. Temporal stability. In short, everything missing from the connected isolation of digital disconnectivity is the antidote to its corrosion of community. The recovery of culture from the grip of subjectivism and its dispersion into disparate bits of information is the daunting challenge of art — and technology — in the next turn of the digital age.Nathan Gardels is the editor-in-chief of Noema Magazine.

The Antidote

Digital communication in its current form is corrosive to culture and community. But ritual and narrative can repair the damage.

communication

Communication

The Antidote To Digital Disconnectivity | NOEMA

Imagine John, an honest employee whose colleague is a bigot and a harasser of women. From their first interaction, John didn’t like the way his coworker made inappropriate jokes. He recently called John ‘too soft’ after John declined his proposal to steal from their company to make some ‘extra money’. While he might never openly admit to hating anyone, John privately thinks to himself: This guy represents the worst in our society; I hope something bad happens to him and he goes away; I hate him.

The Pleasure of Hate

What does it mean to say that someone like John hates his coworker, rather than just disliking or feeling contempt for him? People claim to ‘hate’ all sorts of things in their daily lives: drama, traffic jams, math, broccoli, Mondays. But if they are asked about other people, especially specific individuals and groups, feelings of hate are usually not disclosed so easily. Hate is a heavy subject. When trying to understand prejudice, terrorism or genocide, people cannot help but think of hate as one of the primary causes.

Hate is a Heavy Subject

How does hating someone compare with anger, contempt or disgust? A clearer picture of what makes it unique is emerging

What makes hate a unique emotion – and why that matters | Psyche Ideas

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