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The Empathy Gap: Why People Fail to Understand Different Perspectives - Effectiviology
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The empathy gap
The empathy gap is a cognitive bias that causes people to struggle to understand mental states that are different from their own.
When someone is happy or angry, they ...
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Examples of empathy gaps
The empathy gap causes us to misjudge our own emotions and behaviors. Examples include overestimating our ability to stay composed in a stressful event, overestimating the like...
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Types of empathy gaps
- Cold-to-hot empathy gaps. When someone is in a cold (emotionally neutral) state, they have trouble understanding someone in a hot (emotional state). A calm person might ...
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Why people experience empathy gaps
The way we process and make decisions depends on our current mental state.
When we are angry, we struggle to understand the perception of someone who doesn't care a...
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Handling empathy gaps
- Visualize different mental states and perspectives. Visualize how you will feel and think when you are in a different mental state. This technique is also helpful to underst...
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SIMILAR ARTICLES & IDEAS:
Virtue signaling
Virtue signaling means speaking or behaving in a way that’s meant to prove a person's good moral values.
If a person affirms on social media that they fully support...
The overall negative connotation of virtue signaling
Usually, ‘virtue signaling’ has a negative meaning (even if there are a few situations where it is likely to lead to meaningful positive outcomes).
This behavior is generally defined as being mainly driven by the desire to signal your good moral values, regardless of whether it leads to a meaningful outcome or not.
Engaging in virtue signaling
Individuals can engage in virtue signaling, as can groups, companies, or governments.
Someone might even engage in virtue signaling in private, by saying things that are meant to convince themselves of their own good character.
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Key Ideas
The curse of knowledge
... is a cognitive bias that causes people to fail to account for the fact that others don’t know the same things that they do.
Why we experience the curse of knowledge
Since we spend the majority of the time experiencing things from our own perspective, we struggle to imagine the perspective of others.
The curse of knowledge is a cognitive bias that makes it difficult for people to account for the fact that other people’s thoughts, beliefs, and views are different from their own.
Minimize the curse of knowledge
You need to be conscious of the fact that people have different levels of knowledge than you.
- Ask for feedback from the people you are communicating with, in order to confirm that they understand what you are saying.
- Make sure that you explain the technical terms and concepts that you use as you are using it.
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The Just-World Hypothesis
Is a cognitive bias that causes us to assume that people’s actions always lead to fair consequences, meaning that those who do good are eventually rewarded, while those who do evil are eventually p...
Why poeple believe is a just world
- Belief in a just world can serve as motivation for making long-term efforts.
- Belief in a just world can serve as a coping mechanism for everyday struggles.
- Belief in a just world can help people cope with existential issues, by providing them with a sense of purpose.
- Belief in a just world can help people feel in control, because they believe their future will be determined by their actions.
Factors influencing the Just World bias
- Various background factors, such as religion and ethnicity, can affect the likelihood that people will display just-world beliefs, and the degree to which they will display them.
- Various situational factors can also affect the degree to which people believe in a just world. For example, being in a good mood reduces people’s tendency to blame innocent victims, while being in a bad mood increases this tendency.