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How the Current Crisis Reveals the Power of Social Learning
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Social learning
There are mainly two ways to learn something throughout one's life: by means of personal experience or as a result of observing how others react to certain situations. The second kind is what we call 'social learning'. The current epidemic is actually showing us how much powerful social learning can be in times of danger: we all obey the same rules, even if most of us have not yet been affected by the virus.
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The good and the bad of the social learning
In times like the current one, when we are all facing a pandemic that forces us to stay locked in our own houses, without any face-to-face interaction with a person other than the ones we share our house with, social learning seems to be the solution to fight both fear and depression. By means of different platforms that enable users to interact or handle difficult situations that might appear as a result of the current lockdown, individuals might become able to cope with this challenging period. However, one should always pay attention to the behaviour that is being promoted, as not everything that is done by a majority can prove overall beneficial.
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New Year Resolutions that Stick
Whether it is a resolution to lose weight, to do more exercise, or to consume less sugar, we all have encountered hardships trying to stick with them.
Health-related New Year Resolutions are ...
One Thing At A Time
Making resolutions requires no effort, but if we decide to suddenly shift towards improving too many of our behaviors at once, it can backfire.
Focus on one thing that you want to change, at a time, and commit to it.
What You Can Control
You may not be able to change the external circumstances, stressful situations, or work environment. What you can do is control how you react to negative forces and stressful situations.
For example: If you get unhealthy food at your home, you can control how or when you eat it.
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Learning theories
Learning theories develop hypotheses that describe how learning takes place.
The major theories of learning are the following:
- behaviorist theories
- co...
Behaviorism theories
The behaviorist perspectives of learning originated in the early 1900s. The main idea of behaviorism is that learning consists of a change in behavior because of obtaining, strengthening and applying associations between input from the world, and observations of the individual.
- Learning is reinforced by exercise and repetition, followed by a positive reward.
- Learning takes place when the right parts of more complex behavior are rewarded.
Cognitive psychology
Cognitive psychology started in the late 1950s and contributed to the move away from behaviorism.
- Instead of viewing people as collections of responses to external stimuli, people are viewed as information processors.
- Cognitive psychology was influenced by the computer that processes information, that became analogous to the human mind.
- Cognitive psychology understands learning as absorbing knowledge, acting on it, and storing it in memory.
- The main teaching methods are lecturing and reading textbooks, where the learner receives knowledge passively.
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Mindfulness
... is a collection of practices aimed at helping us to cultivate moment-to-moment awareness of ourselves and our environment.
Meditation sharpens your attention
Meditation helps to counter our tendency to stop paying attention to new information in our environment. Other studies have found that mindfulness meditation can reduce mind-wandering and improve attention.
Larger randomized controlled trials are still needed to understand how meditation might work with other treatments to help people manage attention-deficit disorders.
Consistent meditation
Long-term, consistent meditation mindfulness changes our ability to handle stress in a better, more sustainable way.
- Practicing meditation reduces the inflammatory response in people exposed to psychological stressors.
- Mindfulness practices help us to be less reactive to stressors and to recover better from stress when we experience it.