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The 17th Century and Beyond
By the 1700s, Valentine's Day made its way to the United States. It became traditional for friends and lovers of all social classes to exchange small tokens of affection or handwritten notes. In England, the Industrial Revolution eventually included the production of fancy valentines.
When American Esther Howland received her first English valentine greeting in 1847, she believed there would be an American market for these formal, English-style greetings. She created the earliest American Valentine's Day greeting cards.
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The roots of Valentine's day lie in ancient Rome
The ancient Roman festival Lupercalia took place annually on February 15 and involved primitive forms of courtship and matchmaking.
St. Valentine was also executed on February 14, around 278 A.D. Legend has it that he befriended the jailer's daughter and wr...
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Valentine's Day marketing 1700 - 1800s
- 1714: Charles II of Sweden started communicating with flowers. This tradition set the stage for red flowers to be exchanged for Valentine's Day.
- 1822: The Cadbury chocolate company sells the first heart-shaped box of chocolates.
- 1849
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Valentine's Day marketing 2000s
- 2004: Marketers continue to embrace the media, and an influx of high-quality and high-budget commercials mark the holiday. One iconic commercial was the mini-romance drama Le Film that promoted Chanel No. 5 perfume.
- 2005: YouTube was invented because...
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Shakespeare and Chaucer in love
Valentine's Day first became romanticiced by classic authors.
Chaucer (1300s)
Chaucer's epic poem The Parliament of Fowls referenced "Seynt Valentynes day."
Shakespeare (16th century)
Shakespeare popularised love with his "Sonnet 18" "Shal...
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Valentine's Day marketing 1900s
- 1902: Conversation candies become heart-shaped.
- 1906: American Greetings was founded and eventually became one of Whitney's chief competitors.
- 1910: Hallmark is founded.
- 1913: Hallmark produces its fi...
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The history of Valentine's Day
Saint Valentine of Rome was added to the Catholic calendar by Pope Gelasius in 496. By the mid-17th century, the celebration of Valentine's day in England was customary.
The first commercial valentines day appeared in England at the end of the 18th century. They combined traditional symbo...
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