The practice of building quick, inexpensive, and rough study models to learn about the desirability, feasibility, and viability of alternative value propositions and business models.

Prototyping

For example, a movie theater chain competes for customer attention not only with other movie theaters but also with a broad range of alternative options: renting a movie at home, going out to dinner, visiting a spa, or maybe even attending an online virtual art exhibit with 3D glasses.

Understand your customers beyond
your solution

<ol><li>Make it visual and tangible.</li><li>Prototype “what can’t be done.” Don’t let existing knowledge get in the way of exploration.</li><li>Don’t fall in love with first ideas — create alternatives. </li><li>Early in the process the right direction is unclear. It’s a liquid state. Don’t panic and solidify things too early. </li><li>Refined prototypes are hard to throw away. Keep them rough, quick, and cheap. Refine with increasing knowledge about what works and what doesn’t.</li></ol>

10 Prototyping Principles (part 1)

Pains describe anything that annoys your customers before, during, and after trying to get a job done or simply prevents them from getting a job done. Pains also describe risks, that is, potential bad outcomes, related to getting a job done badly or not at all.

Customer Pains

<ol><li class="ql-align-justify">Seek feedback early and often before refining. </li><li class="ql-align-justify">Learn faster by failing early, often, and cheaply.</li><li class="ql-align-justify">Use creativity techniques. Dare to break out of how things are usually done in your company or industry. </li><li class="ql-align-justify">Create “Shrek models.” Shrek models are extreme or outrageous prototypes that you are unlikely to build. Use them to spark debate and learning. </li><li class="ql-align-justify">Track learnings, insights, and progress. </li></ol>

10 Prototyping Principles (part 2)

You may begin exploring ideas by sketching out a profile based on what you believe your potential customers look like. This is an excellent starting point to prepare customer interviews and tests regarding your assumptions about customer jobs, pains, and gains.

Don't have the Customer Profile yet?

Gains describe the outcomes and benefits your customers want. Some gains are required, expected, or desired by customers, and some would surprise them. Gains include functional utility, social gains, positive emotions, and cost savings.

Customer Gains

Fit happens in three stages:<ol><li>The first occurs when you identify relevant customer jobs, pains, and gains you believe you can address with your value proposition. That's the problem-solution fit.</li><li>The second occurs when customers positively react to your value proposition and it gets traction in the market. That's the product-market fit.</li><li>The third occurs when you find a business model that is scalable and profitable. That's the business model fit.</li></ol>

Our [product/service] help(s) [customer segment] who want to [jobs to be done] by [your value proposition].Example:Our book helps business professionals who want to improve or build a business by avoiding making stuff nobody wants.

Prototype skeleton

The Value Proposition Canvas has two sides: the customer profile (who your customer are) and the value map (how you create value for that customer). The goal is to achieve a fit between them.

Elements of the Value Proposition Canvas

A customer job could be the tasks they are trying to perform and complete, the problems they are trying to solve, or the needs they are trying to satisfy.<ul><li>Functional jobs: completing a specific task or solving a specific problem.</li><li>Social jobs: looking good, gaining status.</li><li>Personal jobs: achieving a specific emotional state.</li></ul>

Customer Jobs

The authors of the international bestseller Business Model Generation explain how to create value propositions customers can’t resist Value Proposition Design helps you tackle the core challenge of every business — creating compelling products and services customers want to buy. This highly practical book, paired with its online companion, will teach you the processes and tools you need to create products that sell. Using the same stunning visual format as the authors’ global bestseller, Business Model Generation, this sequel explains how to use the “Value Proposition Canvas” to design, test, create, and manage products and services customers actually want. Value Proposition Design is for anyone who has been frustrated by new product meetings based on hunches and intuitions; it’s for anyone who has watched an expensive new product launch fail in the market. The book will help you understand the patterns of great value propositions, get closer to customers, and avoid wasting time with ideas that won’t work. You’ll learn the simple process of designing and testing value propositions, that perfectly match customers’ needs and desires. In addition the book gives you exclusive access to an online companion on Strategyzer.com. You will be able to assess your work, learn from peers, and download pdfs, checklists, and more. Value Proposition Design is an essential companion to the ”Business Model Canvas” from Business Model Generation, a tool embraced globally by startups and large corporations such as MasterCard, 3M, Coca Cola, GE, Fujitsu, LEGO, Colgate-Palmolive, and many more. Value Proposition Design gives you a proven methodology for success, with value propositions that sell, embedded in profitable business models."

Prototyping

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