Andrii Bondarenko's Key Ideas from Value Proposition Design
by Alexander Osterwalder, Yves Pigneur, Gregory Bernarda, Alan Smith

Pains describe anything that annoys your customers before, during, and after trying to get a job done or simply prevents them from getting a job done. Pains also describe risks, that is, potential bad outcomes, related to getting a job done badly or not at all. 

Gains describe the outcomes and benefits your customers want. Some gains are required, expected, or desired by customers, and some would surprise them. Gains include functional utility, social gains, positive emotions, and cost savings. 

You may begin exploring ideas by sketching out a profile based on what you believe your potential customers look like. This is an excellent starting point to prepare customer interviews and tests regarding your assumptions about customer jobs, pains, and gains.

Fit happens in three stages:

1. The first occurs when you identify relevant customer jobs, pains, and gains you believe you can address with your value proposition. That's the problem-solution fit.
2. The second occurs when customers positively react to your value proposition and it gets traction in the market. That's the product-market fit.
3. The third occurs when you find a business model that is scalable and profitable. That's the business model fit.

For example, a movie theater chain competes for customer attention not only with other movie theaters but also with a broad range of alternative options: renting a movie at home, going out to dinner, visiting a spa, or maybe even attending an online virtual art exhibit with 3D glasses. 

The practice of building quick, inexpensive, and rough study models to learn about the desirability, feasibility, and viability of alternative value propositions and business models.

1. Make it visual and tangible.
2. Prototype “what can’t be done.” Don’t let existing knowledge get in the way of exploration.
3. Don’t fall in love with first ideas — create alternatives. 
4. Early in the process the right direction is unclear. It’s a liquid state. Don’t panic and solidify things too early. 
5. Refined prototypes are hard to throw away. Keep them rough, quick, and cheap. Refine with increasing knowledge about what works and what doesn’t.

1. Seek feedback early and often before refining. 
2. Learn faster by failing early, often, and cheaply.
3. Use creativity techniques. Dare to break out of how things are usually done in your company or industry. 
4. Create “Shrek models.” Shrek models are extreme or outrageous prototypes that you are unlikely to build. Use them to spark debate and learning. 
5. Track learnings, insights, and progress. 

Our [product/service] help(s) [customer segment] who want to [jobs to be done] by [your value proposition].

Example:

Our book helps business professionals who want to improve or build a business by avoiding making stuff nobody wants.