Finally, matchers strive to preserve an equal balance between giving and getting.

“Matchers operate on the principle of fairness: when they help others, they protect themselves by seeking reciprocity. If you’re a matcher, you believe in tit for tat, and your relationships are governed by even exchanges of favors.”

On the other hand, givers will help whenever the benefits to others exceed the personal costs.

As Adam Grant explains: “Whereas takers tend to be self-focused, evaluating what other people can offer them, givers are other-focused, paying more attention...