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Once you start gaming, you’ll realize there’s a lot of jargon, slang, and acronyms floating around that you may have never heard before. You may wonder, are these actual words? Are they speaking Orcish or some other fantasy nerd language? Instead of widely known and easily digestible phrases like “Idk my bff Jill,” you’ll be tasked with deciphering sayings like “DL addons like HealBot and ElvUI,” “watch out for the AoE,” and “that dude got rekt!”. If none of that made sense and you’re already rolling your eyes, then you’re in luck because this article is totally perfect for you.

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GAMING: FOR BEGINNERS IN PLAYING VIDEO GAMES

First, let’s cover ESRB ratings. The Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB), as its name suggests, rates video games as a means of regulating the industry. You’ll often see a little section on the game’s front cover with its logo and a rating with a letter. This tells you the target audience for said video game. Kid-friendly platformers and the like are usually rated E for Everyone. Violent action games depicting blood and gore, on the other hand, tend to be M (for Mature). Here is a basic breakdown.

Understanding ESRB Ratings

<ol><li> EC - Early childhood, intended for young children</li><li> E - Everyone, for all ages</li><li> E10+ - Everyone 10+, for ages 10 and up</li><li> T - Teen, for ages 13 and up</li><li> M - Mature, for ages 17 and up</li><li> AO - Adults Only, for ages 18 and up</li><li> RP - Rating Pending, not yet assigned a final rating</li></ol>With that out of the way, let’s go over game genres. We’ll be skipping things like sports, action, adventure, racing, and fighting because they’re self-explanatory, but we’ll help you figure out all those acronyms you’ve been hearing.

ESRB Rating Guide

1) 3PS / TPS / OTS<ul><li>Third-Person Shooter / Over the Shoulder. These games include titles like Gears of War, The Division, Mass Effect, and more.</li></ul>2) 4X <ul><li>“eXplore, eXpand, eXploit, and eXterminate” games are a very popular subgenre of strategy games. Think the Civilization series.</li></ul>3) CCG <ul><li>Collectible Card Game. Most popular one out there right now? Hearthstone.</li></ul>4) FPS<ul><li>First Person Shooter. With such a large audience, you should know what these are by now: Battlefield, Call of Duty, Halo, CounterStrike, etc.</li></ul>

Genres

5) MMO<ul><li>Massively Multiplayer Online. This is more of a general term regarding online games intended for a large player base. It can cover a variety of genres, such as FPS, RPG, and more. The most well-known, World of Warcraft, is an MMORPG.</li></ul>6) MOBA <ul><li>Multiplayer Online Battle Arena. A recent genre that has gained serious momentum and involves controlling a single hero/champion in a team-based game that looks a bit like an RTS. Top contenders (with large eSports prize pools, too!) include League of Legends and Dota 2.</li></ul>

7) RPG<ul><li>Role-Playing Game. Put on your robe and wizard hat and go on an adventure. Or don your armor and sharpen your swords. Skyrim, The Witcher 3, Fallout 4, etc. (You know, those games that take way too long to finish.)</li></ul>8) RTS<ul><li>Real-Time Strategy. A strategy game that plays out without pausing, usually tasking you to build structures and armies to take out opponents before they can do the same.</li></ul>9) SIM<ul><li>Simulation. Includes everything from Farming Simulator and Flight Simulator to Job Simulator in VR.</li></ul>

Once you’re finished installing and have gotten into your game, there are going to be a lot of things thrown at you very quickly. If you’re playing a single-player game, you can progress at your own speed and look things over. On the other hand, multiplayer experiences tend to be more hectic, and when you end up Googling things, you’re going to want to have at least some entry-level knowledge.

1) 1-Up <ul><li>Everyone should know this. Ever since Mario, the 1-Up stands for an extra life.</li></ul>2) Adds <ul><li>“Additional Monsters.” When fighting a boss monster, it will sometimes summon additional things for you to fight.</li></ul>3) Aggro <ul><li>“Aggravated” or “Aggravation.” When you have aggro, that means the monster is focused only on hitting you and no other players.</li></ul>

In-Game Terms

4) AoE <ul><li>“Area of Effect.” Refers to spells and abilities that work within a certain area rather than just against a single foe. Usually these are shown as green circles (while casting) and red circles when they inflict damage. Long story short: if you’re standing in a red circle and your health is going down, you’re doing it wrong.</li></ul>5) BoA<ul><li>“Bind on Account.” Usually found in MMOs, BoA items are things that once are picked up, cannot be transferred to another player; however, they can be moved or used on another character from the same account.</li></ul>

6) BoE<ul><li>“Bind on Equip.” Whereas BoA allows items to be shared among characters, BoE means the item is bound to one specific character once it’s been equipped and cannot be transferred.</li></ul>7) Buff / Debuff<ul><li>Beneficial / harmful effect on target. These are caused by spells, potions, and the like. Buffs and Debuffs can last for seconds, minutes, or even indefinitely, depending on the game and effect.</li></ul>8) Camp<ul><li>To stay in one spot. Commonly used in FPS when players hide around a corner or hallway to get the surprise drop on others.</li></ul>

9) CB / OB<ul><li>“Closed / Open Beta.” Terms used to refer to games that are still under development and are running tests before its final release. Closed means private or invite-only, and open means available to the public.</li></ul>10) CD<ul><li>“Cooldown.” Some abilities and items have cooldowns. After using it, you’ll have to wait a set time before you can use it again.</li></ul>11) DPS<ul><li>“Damage Per Second.” A measurement of damage done by a weapon or spell. “DPS” is also used—not as an acronym—to refer to certain, damage-focused classes in MMOs, such as rogues, mages, and hunters.</li></ul>

12) Dungeon<ul><li>A separate, closed-off area with its own bosses and monsters. Dungeons often have their own name, such as World of Warcraft’s “Ragefire Chasm.”</li></ul>13) EXP / XP<ul><li>“Experience Points.” The more points you have, the closer you are to reaching your next level. These can be used to measure character levels, faction reputations levels, skill levels, and more.</li></ul>14) FoV<ul><li>“Field of View.” The area of the world around you that is being displayed at once. A higher FoV means you’ll have more peripheral vision, but can result in distortion effects when set too high.</li></ul>

15) Grind<ul><li>To do something repetitively. You can grind quests, monsters, and even crafting. (e.g. leveling up leatherworking is going to take a lot of grinding.)</li></ul>16) HP<ul><li>“Health / Hit Points.” The measurement of how much damage you can take. Lose too much and you’ll end up dying.</li></ul>17) HUD / UI<ul><li>“Heads-Up Display” / “User Interface.” These are the things on the screen that display your character’s status: health, mana, equipped items, position in a race, and so on.</li></ul>

18) KDR / KR
<ul>
<li>“Kill-to-Death Ratio.” On average, how many enemies you take out before being taken out yourself. A lot of players are obsessed with their KDR, as if it portrays how good they are. It may be relevant, but they can focus on this to the detriment of a team by forgetting about the game’s objective.</li>
</ul>
19) Lag
<ul>
<li>A technical problem that delays the game’s reaction to your input. If you pressed left-click to shoot and your character does it two seconds later, take a break from gaming until the problem has been fixed. Sticking with it will only lead to frustration.</li>
</ul>

20) Loot<ul><li>Items and drops. Loot can be found in defeated monsters, chests, and boss monsters. Usually harder monsters and bosses drop better loot.</li></ul>21) Mod<ul><li>Modification. Some games, such as Skyrim, support mods. Mods can range from a variety of content from bug fixes to new items to entirely new quest lines and game types.</li></ul>22) MP<ul><li>“Mana / Magic Points.” MP measures how much resource or casting ability you have. Spells will cost a certain amount per cast, and once you run out, you’ll have to replenish your meter before you can cast again.</li></ul>

23) NPC<ul><li>“Non-Player Character.” Characters that aren’t controlled by another living person. They can be quest givers, shop keepers, or just a random person sitting in town. They don’t always have to serve a narrative function.</li></ul>24) Ping<ul><li>Time in milliseconds for information to travel to the server and back. Lower ping is better. When people have high ping, commands and overall gameplay can be delayed, causing lag and leading to an unpleasant experience.</li></ul>25) PvE<ul><li>“Player vs Environment.” A game type that focuses on fighting monsters or other non-player enemies.</li></ul>

26) PvP<ul><li>“Player vs Player.” Fighting against other live players, whether it’s done in arenas, battlegrounds, or even in the open world. Online FPS are usually PvP in nature.</li></ul>27) QTE<ul><li>“Quick-Time Event.” Simon Says in video game form. To give the appearance of interaction, games will occasionally require a certain series of button presses to make a cool or important onscreen thing happen (e.g. make a character avoid falling boulders or stop them from tumbling down a cliff).</li></ul>

28) Raid<ul><li>A large-scale dungeon with multiple players. Whereas dungeons can be done solo or with a small group, raids usually consist of more than ten players fighting through a dungeon to get loot. Some old World of Warcraft raids took as many as 40 players working together to complete.</li></ul>29) Roll<ul><li>Randomly generated number from within set bounds defining a certain value or attribute, such as damage or power.</li></ul>

30) Skin<ul><li>An aesthetic change to an item or player. Generally, this doesn’t serve any other function other than to make your character look better (or worse). Games like CounterStrike offer skins in loot boxes, which can be sold for IRL (in-real-life) money.</li></ul>31)Tag<ul><li>A player’s online handle, or the act of aggro-ing a mob. Players tag multiple monsters and use AoE abilities on them to save time.</li></ul>

1) Cheese<ul><li>An underhanded strategy. Can also be used as a verb.</li><li>eg: He’s cheesing his way to victory.</li></ul>2) DC<ul><li>“Disconnect.” Often, players will disconnect and reconnect. Sometimes, it’s not their fault.</li><li>eg: Sorry about that, I dced.</li></ul>3) EZ<ul><li>“Easy.” A term that’s used derogatorily, denoting that a player had an easy time this match because their opposition was barely any competition.</li><li>eg: GG ez.</li></ul>3) Feeder / Feeding / Fed<ul><li>Someone who dies to the other team repeatedly, either intentionally or not. A player who benefitted from the feeder is referred to as “fed.”</li><li>eg: Why is our Vayne such a feeder?</li></ul>

Chat Terms

4) FF<ul><li>“Friendly Fire” or “Forfeit.” If your teammate shoots you and you take damage, that’s Friendly Fire. When it gets bad, your teammates may drop the FF (forfeit), so they can end the game.</li><li>eg: Hey! Watch the FF.</li><li>eg: Guys there’s no way we can win. Let’s ff.</li></ul>5) FTW<ul><li>“For the Win.” Normally used at the end of a comment after something happens such as killing an opponent before they kill you.</li><li>eg: Lol deagle FTW.</li></ul>6) Griefer<ul><li>A person who harasses or provokes other players on purpose to ruin their fun. (Don’t be a griefer.)</li><li>eg: Can you ban this griefer? He keeps setting my house on fire.</li></ul>

7) GG / BG<ul><li>“Good Game” / “Bad Game.” Usually written at the end of a game. People who show good sportsmanship usually write GG. Salty players will blame others and write BG.</li><li>eg: GG all.</li></ul>8) GG no re<ul><li>“Good Game, no remake / replay.” When you have a good game and you’re not going to play another round with the same people again.</li><li>eg: GG no re.</li></ul>9) Hacks / Hackz / Hax<ul><li>Cheating. If someone’s landing headshots left and right, he’s either very good or hacking. This can also refer to cheating software itself.</li><li>eg: That guy killed me through a wall. Hax!</li></ul>

10) HF<ul><li>“Have Fun.” Friendly term usually written at the start of a match.</li><li>eg: Gl hf everyone.</li></ul>11) IGN<ul><li>“In-Game Name.” The part of self-identification that’s equally hard as designing your character’s appearances and is frequently taken, so you need to add numbers to the end of it, making it look dumb.</li><li>eg: Let’s play WoW. What’s your ign?</li></ul>12) INC<ul><li>“Incoming.” Used as a warning for incoming monsters or players like “heads-up!”</li><li>eg: Hey, adds inc.</li></ul>13) LEET / 1337<ul><li>Short for “elite” and is also an alternative alphabet using symbols (leetspeak). Can be used as an adjective.</li><li>eg: This gun is leet.</li></ul>

14) LFG / LFM / LFP<ul><li>“Looking for Group / More / Party.” Commonly found in online multiplayer games when players are trying to run a dungeon or raid. Sometimes LFM includes a number denoting how many players are needed.</li><li>eg: LFG Deadmines.</li></ul>15) Noob / n00b / newb<ul><li>A player who is new at a game. Sometimes used to describe players who are performing poorly, regardless of their experience level.</li><li>eg: Stop being such a noob and get out of the fire.</li></ul>

16) OHKO<ul><li>“One-Hit Knock-Out.” A term often used in fighting games, which refers to a single attack that entirely depletes an opponent’s health.</li><li>eg: If you can perfect it, Jigglypuff’s pound is OP. OHKO city.</li></ul>17) OOM / OOR<ul><li>“Out of Mana / Resource.” When your mana or primary resource is depleted so you can’t cast abilities. Much faster to type during intense boss fights.</li><li>eg: Wait up, I’m oom.</li></ul>18) OP / Imba<ul><li>“Over Powered” / “Imbalanced.” Used to refer to items or characters that are too strong compared to other things in the game.</li><li>eg: Miss Fortune is OP atm.</li></ul>

19) OTW<ul><li>“On the Way.” Save some time typing with these three letters.</li><li>eg: OTW, wait for me.</li></ul>20) PK<ul><li>“Player Kill.” To kill another character controlled by a player. Used as a verb.</li><li>eg: Let’s go PK some noobs.</li></ul>21) PUG<ul><li>“Pick-Up Group.” A group composed of random strangers looking to complete the same objective, such as a dungeon.</li><li>eg: PUGs are so frustrating. No one knows how to play!</li></ul>22) QQ<ul><li>How you type the crying emoji without emojis. The circular part of the Q resembles eyes and the dash, tears.</li><li>eg: Stop QQing and git gud (get good).</li></ul>

23) Rekt / Owned / Pwned<ul><li>“Wrecked.” Players usually drop this one after a one-sided match. It can also be used when you outplay another player.</li><li>eg: Ya’ll just got rekt.</li></ul>24) Rez<ul><li>“Resurrect.” Request a rez if the healer doesn’t realize that someone has died.</li><li>eg: Hey… rez plz?</li></ul>25) Salty<ul><li>“Upset” or “bitter.” Dying too much or having someone complain the whole game can make you salty. Don’t let your saltiness evolve into toxic behavior.</li><li>eg: You salty bruh?</li></ul>26) Smurf<ul><li>An experienced player who makes a new character or account to play against lower-leveled players.</li><li>eg: Why’re you smurfing in Bronze?</li></ul>

27) Toxic<ul><li>Used to describe a person’s attitude and behavior. When a player starts complaining and cursing at others, he or she is being toxic.</li><li>eg: Keep being toxic and you’ll get banned.</li></ul>28) WTB / WTT / WTS<ul><li>“Wants to Buy / Trade / Sell.” In trade chat, users will use these to denote their intentions followed by an item or service.</li><li>eg: [WTB] 10 x Gold Ingots. [WTT] Potato for Tomato.</li></ul>29) Xpac<ul><li>“Expansion Pack.” A substantial package of new content for a game that wasn’t part of the initial release and usually costs money. As of 2017, World of Warcraft has released seven expansion packs.</li></ul>

1) Triple-A (AAA)Games that have a big budget, a lot of backing, and generally get a lot of praise from fans and critics. Your CoDs Battlefields, and such.2) BugCoding error with unintended results. Can be good or bad. Some bugs let you duplicate items, while others can break the game.3) DLC“Downloadable Content.” Ranges from small updates like a few new weapons to a full-blown campaign. Sometimes sold in groups as “Season Passes,” which are purchased in expectation of future content rather than after all of it is available.

Miscellaneous Terms

4) DRM
“Digital Rights Management.” When a game has some form of DRM, that means there is software built into it that is intended to protect it from pirates.
5) Easter Egg
Hidden feature within the game left by a developer that usually takes effort to find. (E.g. Diablo II’s Secret Cow Level.)
6) F2P
“Free to Play.” Refers to games that are free to play and make money off ads, micro-transactions, or other means.
7) LAN
“Local Area Network.” Your home network. Some games will have the option for LAN play, so you can play with whoever’s connected to your home network.

8) P2P“Pay to Play.” Games that you need to purchase to play. Can also include micro-transactions.9) P2W“Pay to Win.” Games with micro-transactions that give buyers an upper hand over regular players. (e.g. the ability to buy stronger weapons, additional stat points, etc.)10) VOIP“Voice Over IP.” A program that lets you chat with others online. Some games have VOIP built-in. Players may also opt to use alternatives, like Discord, Ventrillo, Mumble, TeamSpeak, etc.

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Video Game Guide to Life

New to gaming? Don't know the lingo? Learn the abbreviations and phrases used by gamers. Click here to read our essential Glossary of Common Video Game Terms, on B&H Explora.

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A Gamer’s Glossary of Terms and Acronyms

<ol><li>The Teaser (Minutes 1-3)</li><li>The Trouble (Minutes 3-8)</li><li>The Muddle (Minutes 8-13): </li><li>The Triumph/Failure (Minutes 13-18): The plan drawn up a few minutes ago to tackle the main plot is put into action, but it can’t work or the episode would be over already.</li><li>The Kicker (Minutes 19-21): There is usually an “outro” (sometimes while the credits are rolling), which shows the protagonist in the aftermath of that episode’s action.</li></ol>

Overview

After signing up to write a script for Croatian television, I learned that virtually all TV comedies, from Seinfeld to South Park, follow a simple formula.

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Cracking the Sitcom Code - The Atlantic

When critiquing a peer's work:<ol><li>Understand That Critiques are for Improvement</li><li>Start With Something Good & Relate It</li><li>Remove Personal Remarks</li><li>Reflect Your Own Thoughts</li><li>Don't Critique Something you Dislike</li><li>Avoid Critiques of Word Choice</li><li>Have some General Questions to Think About</li></ol>

Instead of saying: "This is confusing."Try: "I don't understand how your character got from Point A to Point B. It will probably be better if you elaborate on how they got there in the story, so it's clearer for your readers."Explain why changes need to be made, why lines need to be cut out, why parts are confusing.On the other hand, critiques are not for blind flattery as well. Some may approach a critique channel with a desire to just receive pointless flattery. However, the majority are here to improve.

Understand That Critiques are for Improvement

Instead of saying: "The main character's dialogue was good, but the side characters all sound the same." or "The main character's dialogue was good, but the side characters all sound the same. But you did a really great job on the main character's voice!"Try: "The main character's dialogue was great. However, it's important to make sure that the side characters have just as distinctive of a voice."

Start With Something Good & Relate It

Instead of saying: "You lack creativity."Try: "The plot about the character's parents being dead is an overused trope." (and then, of course, adding ways that this person can change that, such as, "How about changing it so that their parents aren't dead, just distant to the character?" so that it is constructive!) Instead of saying: "You make a lot of grammar mistakes."Try: "This excerpt has lots of grammar mistakes."

Remove Personal Remarks

﻿Instead of saying: "No one is going to understand why your main character ran away."Try: "I don't understand why your main character ran away." Instead of saying: "The last scene needs more description."Try: "I think the last scene needs more description."

Reflect Your Own Thoughts

Every critique is an opinion, but it's also important to make your critiques objective, when it comes to letting your personal enjoyment of a genre, or liking of the writer themselves, factor into your criticism. Furthermore, it's also nice to enjoy the critique process as well. It's difficult to find fun in critiquing something you absolutely abhor reading.

Don't Critique Something you Dislike

<ul><li>Unless the author has specifically asked for it, don't get hung up over word choice or line edits.</li><li> Sticking to the bigger picture is the best choice.</li></ul>If you must make comments on their word choice, instead of pulling every single faulty error out, select a few examples and make a general comment, such as:"The body language in this piece tends to be expressed by lots of basic facial expressions, like frowns, smiles, scowls. I think it would be better if there was some variety, such as replacing an occasional smile with "lips curved upwards" or scowls with "clenched jaws", and so on, so forth."

Avoid Critiques of Word Choice

Language<ul><li>Was the piece easy to read and/or understandable?</li><li>How was the flow of the writing style overall?</li><li>Were the sentences too long or short?</li><li>Were words used correctly?</li><li>Were some words, punctuation, and/or syntax patterns overused?</li><li>Were there any grammar mistakes/mistake patterns?</li><li>How was the description (too long, non-existent, repetitive)?</li><li>Were tenses consistent?</li></ul>Plot<ul><li>Was there a plot?</li><li>Any plot holes?</li><li>Were the sequence of events natural?</li><li>Was there anything that confused you in regards to plot. How were they confusing?</li><li>Did the story drag or move too fast?</li><li>Did the story interest and/or hook you?</li></ul>

General Questions to Think About : Language & Plot

Characters<ul><li>Did the characters act realistically in the situations that they were in?</li><li>Did they have distinct personalities and/or voices?</li><li>Was the POV for the story consistent?</li><li>How well-written was the dialogue?</li><li>Can you sympathize and/or empathize with the characters?</li><li>Are the characters layered & complex?</li></ul>Overall<ul><li>What is your overall impression of the story?</li><li>What is the strongest part of the story? The weakest?</li><li>What's one line that you loved?</li><li>Did you cover the specific points that the writer asked for critique on?</li></ul>

General Questions to Think About : Characters & Overall

When reviewing a piece of writing, it can be difficult to give helpful constructive criticism. This article will provide some advice on how!

How to Give a Good Critique

<ol><li>You admire a character for trying more than for their successes.</li><li>You gotta keep in mind what’s interesting to you as an audience, not what’s fun to do as a writer. They can be very different.</li><li>Trying for theme is important, but you won’t see what the story is actually about til you’re at the end of it. Now rewrite.</li><li>Once upon a time there was ___. Every day, ___. One day ___. Because of that, ___. Because of that, ___. Until finally ___.</li><li>Simplify. Focus. Combine characters. Hop over detours. You’ll feel like you’re losing valuable stuff but it sets you free.</li></ol>

Pixar's 5 Storytelling Rules

<ol><li>What is your character good at, comfortable with? Throw the polar opposite at them. Challenge them. How do they deal?</li><li>Come up with your ending before you figure out your middle. Seriously. Endings are hard, get yours working up front.</li><li>Finish your story, let go even if it’s not perfect. In an ideal world you have both, but move on. Do better next time.</li><li>When you’re stuck, make a list of what WOULDN’T happen next. Lots of times the material to get you unstuck will show up.</li><li>Pull apart the stories you like. What you like in them is a part of you; you’ve got to recognize it before you can use it.</li></ol>

5 More Storytelling Rules

<ol><li>Putting it on paper lets you start fixing it. If it stays in your head, a perfect idea, you’ll never share it with anyone.</li><li>Discount the 1st thing that comes to mind. And the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th – get the obvious out of the way. Surprise yourself.</li><li>Give your characters opinions. Passive/malleable seem likable to you as you write, but it’s poison to the audience.</li><li>Why must you tell THIS story? What’s the belief burning within you that your story feeds off of?</li><li>If you're your character, in this situation, how would you feel? Honesty lends credibility to unbelievable situations.</li></ol>

Next 5 Storytelling Rules

<ol><li>What are the stakes? Reason to root for the character. What happens if they don’t succeed? Stack the odds against.</li><li>No work is ever wasted. If it’s not working, let go and move on – it’ll be useful later.</li><li>Know yourself: Story is testing, not refining.</li><li>Coincidences to get characters into trouble are great; but to get them out of it are cheating.</li><li>Take a movie you dislike. Rearrange elements into what you like?</li><li>You gotta identify with your situation/characters, can’t just write ‘cool’. What would make YOU act that way?</li><li>What’s the essence of your story? Most economical telling of it?</li></ol>

Last 7 Rules

Pixar’s 22 Storytelling Rules | Killzoneblog.com

<ol><li>Take notes</li><li>What to Include</li><li>Know Your Tropes</li><li>Book and Author Bashing isn’t Necessary</li></ol>

<ul><li>Synopsis: In your own words or from Amazon/Goodreads (credit them). Include major character names and how they fit into the story.</li><li>Your Opinion: what you liked and disliked and why. Different writing elements the author uses that you like/dislike.</li><li>Trigger warnings</li><li>Your Rating</li><li>Other Details: Setting, the time period it takes place in (especially for historical fiction)</li><li>Spoilers: Not advisable but if you are including this, please give a spoiler warning.</li></ul>

Book Review: What to Include

<ul><li>Talk about how the problems in the book work in the bigger scheme of things. eg. If the book cheapened the plot with mental health, write "We need better representation of mental health in fiction"</li><li>You could also finish a review with something positive or simply state that while you didn’t enjoy the book, others might. </li></ul>

Book and Author Bashing isn’t Necessary

Writing book reviews is harder than it looks. Sure,you want to support your favorite authors by reviewing their books so they can gain more exposure and more readers will find them, but narrowing down how you feel into a couple of paragraph can be quite a challenge. It doesn’t matter whether you love or hate a book, getting your thoughts together to coherently write about the good, the bad, and the ugly of a story takes time. But with a few tips and tricks that I’ve learned over two years of boo

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Writing Book Reviews 101

"If you want the truth, as you say, there can be no intermediaries, no middlemen. If there is a middleman, then he is the one you are following, not the truth".

Follow No One, Trust Yourself

Click here to sign up for free and the first 200 people to sign up get 20% off an annual subscription: https://brilliant.org/freedominthought ABOUT _ In this video, I talk about Friedrich Nietzsche, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, not following anyone, and trusting yourself. In a letter to his sister, Nietzsche wrote, “if you wish to strive for peace of soul and pleasure, then believe; if you wish to be a devotee of truth, then inquire.” When you follow a person, you stop following the truth. RELATED VIDEOS _ Practical Philosophy Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL5faAYlGYYoF7rgKH4oo_B81n4wE1n2xP GET MORE FREE CONTENT — Twitter: http://twitter.com/freedomintht Instagram: http://instagram.com/freedomintht Website: http://freedominthought.com FURTHER READING — Thus Spoke Zarathustra by Friedrich Nietzsche: https://geni.us/F2e2PqR NOTES — (1) Videos are just my opinion, for entertainment and informational purposes. Just some things to think about—not advice. (2) Some of the links in the description are affiliate links which I get a kickback from—at no extra cost to you. Eg - any Amazon links.

Click here to sign up for free and the first 200 people to sign up get 20% off an annual subscription: https://brilliant.org/freedominthought

ABOUT
_
In this video, I talk about Friedrich Nietzsche, Thus Spoke Zarathustra, not following anyone, and trusting yourself.

In a letter to his sister, Nietzsche wrote, “if you wish to strive for peace of soul and pleasure, then believe; if you wish to be a devotee of truth, then inquire.”

When you follow a person, you stop following the truth.

RELATED VIDEOS
_
Practical Philosophy Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL5faAYlGYYoF7rgKH4oo_B81n4wE1n2xP

GET MORE FREE CONTENT
—
Twitter: http://twitter.com/freedomintht
Instagram: http://instagram.com/freedomintht
Website: http://freedominthought.com

FURTHER READING
—
Thus Spoke Zarathustra by Friedrich Nietzsche: https://geni.us/F2e2PqR

NOTES
—
(1) Videos are just my opinion, for entertainment and informational purposes. Just some things to think about—not advice.

(2) Some of the links in the description are affiliate links which I get a kickback from—at no extra cost to you. Eg - any Amazon links.

Freedom in Thought

Nietzsche - Follow No One, Trust Yourself

You can only lose something that you have, but you cannot lose something that you are.

The personality you develop...
The knowledge you gain...
The skills you acquire...

Can never be taken from you...
Keep working on them! 🙃

“You can only lose something that you have, but you cannot lose something that you are.” — Eckhart Tolle quotes from Quotefancy.com

motivationandinspiration

Motivation & Inspiration

“You can only lose something that you have, but you cannot lose something that you are.”

One of the most common misconceptions about introverts is that we're shy and don't like people, says <a href="https://www.fieldtriphealth.com/">Field Trip Health </a>psychotherapist Mike Dow, PsyD. "Introversion may look like shyness to an extrovert—but it's really more about the energy depletion and the way they experience the world," he explains. We just need a lot of alone time to recharge after being social, whereas an extrovert thrives on the energy of other people. This could lead to an "introvert hangover,” exhausted from the effort of being around others.

Introduction

"When introversion was first identified by Carl Jung, the Swiss psychiatrist famous for analytical psychology, the focus was on all the mental energy that introverts use up when socializing," Dr. Dow says. "I've also seen my own introverted patients experience a depletion of physical energy when socializing too much. This is why introverts need alone time. That combination of both mental and physical energy depletion is what I would identify as the 'introvert hangover' despite the fact it's not a recognized diagnosis."

Basis of the theory

In addition to being drained physically and mentally, you can also be drained spiritually, Dr. Dow says. "I tell my patients that 'feelings are information.' Thus, this introvert hangover is information that you overdid the socializing and haven't spent enough time alone in your own thoughts/within your own psyche—where introverts thrive," he says.

Physical and Mental Effects

An introvert hangover can leave you too exhausted to deal with people IRL, and can last anywhere from a few hours to a few days or more. If you experience the latter, Dr. Dow says you really know you overdid it and seriously need to prioritize some alone time. An introvert hangover can even make responding to texts feel like an insurmountable task. "If you don't have the energy to text back, you know that you have really depleted your inner battery of physical/mental energy," says Dr. Dow. "Ask yourself: What did I learn from this experience? How can I manage my energy better next time?"

Ways to deal with an introvert hangover

The good news is that introvert hangovers can be helped, and even prevented, with the right recharge methods. First up: taking some alone time. Dr. Dow suggests meditation, a session of <a href="https://www.wellandgood.com/psychedelics-medical-conditions/">psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy </a> (which is what they specialize in at Field Trip Health), <a href="https://www.wellandgood.com/gardening-as-meditation/">gardening </a>, or time reading as means of doing so.

Good news!

It can also be helpful to set up systems to explain to friends and family why you are going to be MIA for a bit. "Don't feel guilty about this time within your own inner world,” says Dr. Dow. “This is where introverts thrive. Let your closest family and friends know that you've upping your self-care game and, thus, are going to go into brick mode on your phone and set your away message on email when you're going into introvert recharge mode. This will save you from having to send individual texts."

Self-care

Dr. Dow also says to own your self-worth, and be honest with people. "When you're in a good space, tell them something like: 'I'm being more conscious with the way I pay attention to what I need and my energy. If you ever get a brick mode text back or my flower emoji, you'll know I'm recharging.'" He adds that you can prevent abandonment and hurt feelings by making clear the time limit. "So if your mom keeps on texting, say, 'Hey mom, I'm in recharge mode. I'll text you back tomorrow,' instead of 'I can't talk right now,'" he says.

Recharge your social battery

"The former is positive and specific; the latter is negative and vague. Positive and specific communication makes relationships better—whether they're personal or work." He adds that the person who needs a time out is the one who should come back. (Meaning: You DO have to text your mom back after the recharge time you set up.)

But there is no need to rush to recharge. "Use the methods above until you notice your energy returning," Dr. Dow says. As you start to incorporate them and become more aware of how much time with others is too much, Dr. Dow says you can begin to make adjustments to prevent an introvert hangover from happening in the first place.

Take your time!

Being an introvert can be difficult at times but hopefully these ideas can help!

If you're someone who gets depleted by socializing, you're likely familiar with the hangover that follows. Here's what you can do to help.

An Introvert Hangover Is a Real Thing—This Can Help | Well+Good

Book blurb — an attention-grabbing summary that’s between one hundred and three hundred wordWriting a blurb ahead of time can provide a clear focal point — and prevent the story from meandering or spiraling out of control.My blurb-writing process has three steps: a pitch list, test drive, and redesign.

<ol><li>Pitch List</li><li>Test Drive</li><li>Redesign</li></ol>

3 Steps for Blurb Writing

<ul><li>Start by explaining the basic information about the book in straightforward language:</li><li>Primary genres</li><li>Audience</li><li>Tone</li><li>Main character</li><li>Core conflict</li><li>Comparative books, TV shows, movies, or video games</li></ul>Ask yourself interesting questions:<ul><li>What two literary tropes could I combine in an unexpected way?</li><li>If a protagonist was the complete opposite of me in terms of personality and goals, what would their life story look like?</li><li>What is the most awkward, painful, or shocking scenario I can think of?</li></ul>

Pitch List

Inject the summary with a touch of narrative voice that matches the protagonist’s personality or the overall tone of the story. It should included:Character: Who is the main character? What do they want? What do they stand to lose if they don’t achieve that goal? What is compelling about their personality and narrative voice?Plot: What is interesting about the story world or setting? What’s the inciting incident? What obstacles stand in the way of the protagonist’s goals?Originality: What new twist or feature does the story add to this genre? What is the “unique selling point” of this book?

Test Drive

Blurb: ﻿You just need to pinpoint one or two specific details about the protagonist and conflict.Example...https://miro.medium.com/max/700/1*SSr5e_LU-D-c17wpixqRoA.pngQuery: They’re aimed directly at someone in the publishing industry.Example...(Query of the above blurb)https://miro.medium.com/max/700/1*1Zxkck0D01Xq4Jz_QXeD4g.png

Blurbs vs. query letters

Approached my concept redesign from three angles: <ol><li>Plot Redesign</li><li>Character Redesign</li><li>Setting Redesign</li></ol>In redesigning your blurb, look at the feedback you received:<ul><li>List the concept’s strengths and weaknesses.</li><li>What aspects intrigued readers the most? What confused them?</li><li>What parts do you still feel “meh” about?</li></ul>

Redesign

It’s a surreal experience to witness a story grow from the seed of an idea into a fully bloomed novel. And it all starts with landing on an interesting concept — the unique selling point, the…

How to Write a Strong Story Concept (Reverse Book Blurb Exercise)

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