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Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation
- Extrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivators (a raise, a promotion, a bonus) do work they are usually doing so in the short-term only. If the motivator is taken away, the behavior stops.
- Intrinsic motivation. It is the desire to do something for the internal satisfaction of it. It’s the joy we get from accomplishing something useful, the satisfaction of a job well done, a sense of purpose, pride, belonging.
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Key Ideas
Motivation is a complex process
Motivation is a complex process to explain or to realize fully.
Motives are internal experiences that can be categorized into needs, cognitions, and emotions that are influenced by envi...
Motivational strategies that show success
- Teachers that plan lessons to be interesting, curiosity-provoking, and personally inspiring have better success in motivating their students to read.
- Leaders have better success in motivating their employees when they take the employees' perspective and invite them to create their own self-endorsed work goals.
- Parents are more successful when they try to truly understand why their children don't want to do something and then take the time to explain to them the benefits of the activity.
Most successful interventions do not try to change another person's motivation or emotion directly. Instead, they make changes to the person's environmental conditions and the quality of his or her relationships to encourage them to leave behind neglectful or abusive ones.
The basic psychological needs
According to Self-Determination Theory, there are three basic psychological needs which we want to satisfy:
- Autonomy (self-determination). We are motivated when we have a choice in terms of tasks, time, team, and technique.
- Competence (capability and effectiveness). Mastery is a mindset. When we strive toward something greater than ourselves, it demands effort.
- Affiliation needs (association and belonging). We are motivated to form long-lasting positive relationships with others.
External rewards do not work because we don't do rule-based routine tasks. Instead, we need to create environments where intrinsic motivation thrives, where we can gain satisfaction from the activities themselves.
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Key Ideas
Two types of motivation
Motivation is categorized into two basic types: Extrinsic and intrinsic.
- Extrinsic motivation is related to external forces like money or fame.
- Intrinsic motivation
Money as a motivation
Money as a tool for motivation is limiting at best, and the 'carrot and stick' approach many managers use to motivate employees is will actually achieve the opposite effect of what was intended.
Conditional rewards
‘If, then’ rewards or conditional rewards are when we promise to give something to an individual when they complete a certain task.
These rewards can have a negative impact on motivation as the employees lose the will to work on that task for the sake of working.
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Key Ideas
The importance of motivation
Research shows that more than 50% of American workers feel disengaged at their jobs.
Research also shows that motivation is very important to feel engaged. Motivation predic...
Focus On The Meaning
We find motivation when something is meaningful. Meaning is much bigger than the enjoyment of a moment. It can include something we don't like. Soldiers risk being killed every day to serve their country. New parents handle poop daily for years.
Meaningful things give us purpose. This means doing something that serves a larger cause than yourself or, at least, making a contribution in your own world.
Tasks that do not seem meaningful
When a task you have to do doesn't seem meaningful, reframe your experience. You may not always be able to change what you have to do but you can change how you view it. When you look at it in light of how it helps others, you'll often find motivation.
You're not "filling out boring paperwork, you're helping people get the insurance that could save their life. You're not slaving over a hot stove, you're showing your family how much you love them.