Sadhguru: Eighty-seven percent of life forms on this planet – microbes, worms, insects, birds, animals, human beings, plants, trees, and every other vegetation on the planet is sustained by an average of thirty-nine inches of topsoil. And that is in grave danger right now. In the last forty years, forty percent of the world’s topsoil has been lost. The United Nations says we have soil left only for approximately eighty to hundred harvests, which means another forty-five to sixty years of agriculture.

Why Do We Need to Save the Soil?

After that, we will not have the soil to produce food. You can imagine the suffering that we will unfold in the world. Thirty percent of India’s land is already degraded, and 90% of India’s states are seeing soil turn to desert. That means nothing can be cultivated there. So, protecting the soil for the future generations of this land is the most important thing.

No Soil for Food Production:

I was speaking at one of the UN agencies in Germany, and they asked me, “What are the three things we need to do to prevent an ecological disaster?” I said, “The three things are, ‘Soil, Soil, and Soil.’” This is something that is not being looked at because it is fashionable in the cities to talk about air pollution. I am not saying it is not a concern, but if you take the necessary actions to fix the soil, that action will take care of the water also. Air pollution can be fixed in a short time if we are willing to sacrifice our economic exuberance a little.

How Can Soil Revitalization Help the Environment?

If you want to fix the soil that you have destroyed, it will take 15-25 years if you go at it aggressively. If you do it without much interest, it will take 40-50 years before you can get the soil to a certain level.If the soil is in a bad condition for that long, that means two to three generations will go through terrible states of life.

Time to Fix the Soil

<h1 class="ql-align-center">5 Methods of Soil Revitalization</h1>

In India, people have been tilling the same land for thousands of generations. But in the last generation, the soil quality has become so poor that it is on the verge of becoming a desert. If you want to preserve the soil, it means organic content has to go into it. But our trees have all been cut and millions of animals are being exported from the country. These are not animals, this is our topsoil going to some other country. When this happens, how will you replenish the soil? If there are no leaves or animal waste, you cannot put back anything.

1. Organic Content Builds Healthy Soil.

There is a national aspiration in India which has already been set by the old Planning Commission that thirty-three percent of India should be under the shade because if you want to preserve the soil, that is the only way. And I am trying to push for a law that if you own one hectare of land, you must compulsorily have a minimum of five bovine animals on the land. There is one fantastic thing about this land for which we have scientific data but no scientific reasoning yet.

Law for the Soil

If you go to a place in this country where the soil is good and take one cubic meter of this soil, it is said that there are approximately 10,000 species of life in that one cubic meter. This is the highest concentration of life found anywhere on this planet. We do not know why. So, this soil just needs a little support. If you give it that little support, it will bounce back quickly. But as a generation of people do we have the necessary brains to give that little support, or will we just sit around and watch it die? You cannot keep the soil rich with fertilizer and a tractor.

Species found in One Cubic Meter.

The term “forest produce” must go out of our vocabulary. There is no such thing as forest produce because there is not enough forest on this planet to harness it as produce. That is an era that has gone by. You cannot talk about forest produce in the future. We cannot create a new rainforest because that takes millennia of work. But we can definitely create tree cover, and tree cover cannot happen unless we move into tree-based agriculture. And because a large part of the land is held by farmers, unless we make it lucrative for them to grow trees, trees will not happen.

2. Tree-based Agriculture or Agroforestry:

After years of work, the United Nations is clearly recognizing today that a massive part of the solution is tree-based agriculture. That is what we have been pushing for 22 years now. And we have over 107,000 farmers doing tree-based agriculture to prove that it has worked on both ecological and economic levels.

107,000 farmers doing tree-based agriculture

Nearly 77% of the land, about 40 million square kilometers, that is used for agriculture in the world is used to raise animals and their food. Compared to various other available solutions, meat consumption is one of the simplest things that you can reverse. If you reduce your meat consumption by 50%, 20 million square kilometers of land on this planet will become available for tree-based agriculture. If you raise those many trees, you can produce all the things that you are getting from the forest on agricultural land. Farmers will become rich and you will also enrich the soil.

3. Reduce Meat Consumption:

Suppose someone is sick in the hospital, of course, you will not take a steak or a biryani for them. You take fruits. The message is clear, “Eat sensibly, at least now!” But the person who takes it does not get it! When travelers like Hiuen Tsang and Megasthenes came to India, they observed that the Indians have a disproportionately large part of the fruit in their diet and they said, “That could be the reason why they are so intellectually sharp.” We are becoming dumb because we are not conscious of the food we consume.

4. Fruit Diet – Healthy for You and the Planet:

If what you eat has over 75% water content, your health will get managed very easily. If you eat a raw vegetable, the water content is somewhere over 70%. If you eat fruit, it is generally over 90% water. So that is the best diet. At least 30-40% of our diet should come from the trees, not from the 4-month cycle of crops. That means all of us should eat a little more fruit. Right now, fruit is expensive because we are getting fruit from New Zealand, Australia, or Thailand. If you grow local tropical fruits here, they are not very expensive.

If what you eat has over 75% water content

If any other species had perpetrated the kind of damage that we have to the planet, we would have found a way to deal with them. If billions of Martian locusts landed here and began to cut through all our trees, turned our soil into deserts, and sucked the water out of our rivers we would have exterminated them. But the problem is not alien locusts. The problem is us. Since we are the source of the problem, we can also be the source of the solution. We are a problem only because we are in an unconscious, compulsive mode of action. If we were conscious, we would naturally be a solution.

5. Building a Conscious Planet

Right now, over 95% of the global population has no awareness of the ecological disaster building up around them. Ecological awareness is confined only to a small segment of people, and even among them, the idea of ecology is largely limited to using less water while showering or turning off the tap when brushing teeth. It is wonderful that people are conscious about what they are using, but this is not a comprehensive ecological solution. Only when ecology becomes an election issue will it become government policy, and only then will there be large budgets allocated so that solutions manifest

Level Awareness:

5.2 billion people are living in countries with the ability to vote and elect their nation’s leadership. We are looking at how to get at least three billion people on board so that ecological issues become the issues that elect governments. We want to make these three billion people aware of at least five ecological aspects that must happen in their country and two or three aspects that must not happen. If we do this, then ecology will become if not number one, at least the number two issue in election manifestos

Conclusion:

This content is also available in <a href="https://open.spotify.com/episode/4yrRyll3tmnyytUufXAr1F?si=07ea3a6cb05d4f1f">Audio format Click Here to listen.</a> Click Here for free <a href="https://audiobookmc.blogspot.com/p/free-audio-book-audio-content.html">AudioBook's</a>

Add-On

Namaskaram, As a youth of the world & a human we have to be aware of our surroundings as we eat food daily we should know what is the happing with this soil & Mother Earth. What are the Future Consequences of this, do you like to live in the state where our Next Generation is Fighting for food. SO, Plz take care of the soil, Thankyou #SaveSoil

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Health

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Technology & The Future

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Science & Nature

Save Soil Movement.

In Saudi Arabia, some 50 miles north of Jeddah, 57 seeds sprouted into healthy, seven-inch-tall water spinach leaves by harvesting water out of thin air.Like all conventional crops, spinach needs water to grow. But, in this case, the spinach sprouted thanks to a solar-powered system that pulled vapour from the air and condensed it into two litres of water. Now published in the journal <a href="https://www.cell.com/cell-reports-physical-science/fulltext/S2666-3864(22)00048-0">Cell Reports Physical Science</a>, the results of the experiment suggest that small farms in remote, arid regions can grow their own crops without a water supply.

Growing Spinach In A Desert

The prototype used during the experiment consists of three main components: a small-scale photovoltaic panel, a composite material made of hydrogel (a high-tech version of the hydrogel used in bandages to re-hydrate wounds), calcium chloride (the kind of salt we use to de-ice roads), plus a metal container that acts as a condensation chamber.

The Desert Crop Experiment

Like most conventional solar panels, 10-20% of the solar energy they absorb is converted to electricity. The remaining 80-90% is converted to heat. The hydrogel material—think of it as a layer of jelly attached to the backside of the solar panel—plays a dual role. First, it can cool the solar panel so it doesn’t overheat. Second, it can absorb water vapour from the air because of the calcium chloride, which can absorb more than its weight in moisture. The hydrogel itself swells and locks that moisture into the material so it doesn’t spill.

How The Prototype Works

Deserts may be dry, but that’s not to say there are no moisture particles in the air. The relative humidity in the region revolves around 40%, but Wang says it’s closer to 80% at night. As a result, the hydrogel material typically absorbs water vapour during the evening and at night.

Water In Saudi Arabian Desert

By the morning, the material is saturated with moisture, so when the sun hits the solar panels, and the heat from the solar panels comes into contact with the material, it turns the moisture into vapour and drives it out of the hydrogel layer. The metal box below then collects the vapour and condenses it into water.  None of these steps consumes the electricity generated by the solar panel, meaning that if the system gets scaled up, the electricity produced by the panels could be fed directly into the grid, and the heat produced by the panels could be used to grow crops.

Overnight Result

There are many steps before the system can be commercialized.The scientists need to find industrial collaborators who can manufacture the system cost-effectively it could be used in off-grid communities around the world. For a single household living in the mountain, or a very small community living in the middle of nowhere, this system can really help get those very basic human needs.

The Bottom Line

The results suggest that small farms in remote, arid regions can grow crops without a water supply.


food

Food

How scientists grew spinach in the desert by harvesting water out of thin air

For years, writers, scientists and entrepreneurs have shown us visions of our future relationships with computers and robots.Should we aim for total automation with the target of greater safety and higher efficiency? Or should we aspire to augmentation – using technology to enhance our abilities without replacing us? As <a href="https://www.sciencefocus.com/future-technology/artificial-intelligence-ai/">artificial intelligence</a> and robotics mature enough to become integrated into everyday life, we need to start making this choice. We need to choose wisely, or we might just automate ourselves and the natural world out of existence.

Making Computers Better Vs Using Them To Enhance Ourselves

Humans have always been fascinated by automation. Centuries ago, mechanical creations called automatons were constructed to mimic musicians playing, birds singing, or animals moving. Much of the Industrial Revolution was premised on the idea that automation is better: fabrics could be woven faster and cheaper. Never mind the pollution or the awful working conditions – the products are so much more affordable!

People Love Automation

We can use artificial intelligence to drive our vehicles, to design products, even to compose music or make art. Artificial intelligence will soon be able to imitate our images and sounds in an almost perfect way, meaning that actors and performers can be computer-generated. Artificial intelligence can generate text in any style and content, so writing can be automated. It can understand our patterns of behaviour and influence us automatically – enabling the marketeers’ dream of encouraging us to purchase or vote in ways we otherwise might not.

Automating Vs Assisting

The whole philosophy of augmented intelligence is to put humans first, and technology second. However, we are currently biased towards complete automation as it pushes the frontiers. When we fully automate systems, we put technology first and humans second. A fully automated factory is designed to make the robots work optimally, not necessarily to be safe or comfortable for human workers.

Augmented Intelligence

Those who favour automation are increasingly squeezing the augmented intelligence solutions out. We’ve now got the technology to do it. If my word processor can check spelling and grammar, why not let it reword the whole sentence? Or write the entire piece? If my car can avoid a collision, why not let it drive? If my art package can blur the background of an image, why not let it create a new background? Or a new image? If my medical software can suggest drugs, why not let it diagnose and treat me? it’s cheaper, more efficient, faster and better.

Pushing Automation Not Augmented Solutions That Assist

People are the most flexible and adaptive part of any factory, so instead of trying to replace them with difficult-to-program and complex robots, perhaps it would make more sense to enhance the capabilities of experienced workers with robotic tools that they can control, combining the speed and efficiency of robots with the adaptability of people.

People first, technology second

Everything changes if we put people first. Instead of aiming for fully autonomous vehicles, why not aim for superhuman drivers? Technology that makes drivers better, safer, more aware and makes the task of driving more engaging?The same artificial intelligence tech used in autonomous vehicles can be used to achieve this, providing drivers with more multisensory feedback. See the accident two miles away on a heads-up windscreen display long before your eyes could. Be alerted to invisible black ice on the road. See the cyclist dressed in black on a dark country road with no lights.

Better Human Driving: Assisting Not Replacing

Artificial intelligence can, in theory, enable us to replace all actors, singers, musicians and composers. But while this might be cheaper than paying their salaries, it’s putting the technology before the people. Wouldn’t it be better to ensure that all our art is created by artists, but that those artists have high-tech tools to help them create their works? Don’t replace the actor or disguise her skill through post-production; give her the ability to fine-tune her image as she performs, digitally altering her appearance and sound to suit her performance.

Enhance, Not Replace

Artificial intelligence can already design for us automatically. It can do everything from creating radical new architecture from scratch, to optimising angles on wind turbine blades. It is better to amplify designers’ creativity by using artificial intelligence to assist them with the tedious, routine and constraint-based aspects of their work so they have more time to focus on the art of designing.

Amplify Human Creativity

The misuse of some artificial intelligence methods has already caused major problems. Automated news curation has been designed to feed us more of the things we like, and sometimes prioritises messages that are more likely to cause upset, such as Facebook’s automatic policy that prioritises messages that provoked bigger reactions. These automated learning systems result in <a href="https://www.sciencefocus.com/future-technology/social-networks-are-built-to-turn-us-against-each-other-can-we-fix-them/">our societies polarising around certain views</a>, leading to radicalisation and distortions in the democratic process.

Automatic News Feeds: The Dangerous Echo-Chamber

The use of augmented intelligence enables people to make these decisions in a safer and more informed manner. Instead of automated news curation, artificial intelligence can be used to present us with a balanced choice of different topics and opinions. if we use artificial intelligence to help provide varied and balanced online media content, then the minds and education of populations become healthy and strong.

Artificial Intelligence Used Wisely

Artificial intelligence and robots aren’t evil or inherently bad technologies, any more than were the machines of the Industrial Revolution. When misused for poorly conceived automation, often in the name of efficiency improvements, profitability, or even safety, they cause great harm. But when applied for the good of people, these new, advanced technologies have the power to make us better than we have ever been.

Tools Are Not Good Or Bad

Dumb automation is for the short-sighted. Augment your intelligence – use tech to make you better at what you do. The trick is to be aware that what you use will change you. So use solutions that put people first, solutions that enable you to make your own, more informed, decisions. Don’t be a victim of bad tech. Choose technologies that make you a superhuman.

No To Dumb Automation

Why are we working so hard to make computers that compute better, when we could be using computers to help us think and act better?

computerscience

Computer Science

artificialintelligence

Artificial Intelligence

Augmented Intelligence: What it is and why it will be smarter than AI

Hypnosis: a state of highly focused attention, like looking through a camera lens.Hypnosis involved a narrowing of context and loss of selfAn experience is not considered hypnotic if the physical reaction is distracting or makes you think about something else.Stage hypnosis: what we stereotypically think of someone performing with a pen or hypnotic tool trying to alter the state and actions of others for entertainment.Clinical hypnosis: enhances control of mind and body by inducing cognitive flexibility and allowing you to shift set easily and change the way you evaluate events

What Is Hypnosis?

Induction state = deep hypnosisThree things characterize entry into a hypnotic state: <ol><li> turning down activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) responsible for cognition and motor control</li><li>The Dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPC) has higher connectivity with the insula (part of the mind-body control system)</li><li>Inverse functional connectivity between DLPC and posterior cingulate cortex (part of the default network, activity decreases in things like meditation)</li></ol>Reducing the activity of dACC makes it less likely that you’ll be distracted and pulled out of whatever you’re in

Neuroscience Of Hypnosis

Hypnosis is an effective problem-based treatmentClinical applications: sleep, trauma, pain, phobia, stress, anxiety – and emerging research with cancer patientsEnhancing the mind-body connection is good for stress relief because it allows for the dissociation between somatic and psychological reactionsSelf-hypnosis can be extremely helpful in falling back asleep when you wake up in the middle of the night

Clinical Applications Of Self-Hypnosis

Hypnosis is an effective problem-based treatmentClinical applications: sleep, trauma, pain, phobia, stress, anxiety – and emerging research with cancer patientsEnhancing the mind-body connection is good for stress relief because it allows for the dissociation between somatic and psychological reactions. Self-hypnosis can be extremely helpful in falling back asleep when you wake up in the middle of the nightHypnosis allows you to confront phobias.Self-hypnosis allows for a wider array of experiences that aren’t negative and might even be positive for treating phobias

It’s best to see a specialist who can be sure to address underlying issues requiring hypnosis, and not just the symptom. Self-hypnosis often requires just 1-2 visits or periodic sessions, not regularlyA physician or practitioner will assess how hypnotizable you are and take you through self-hypnosis, teaching you how to do it so you can practice on yourself laterEven a 1-minute refresher has been shown to be quite helpful. The goal is for self-hypnosis to become an acquired skill without needing to see a clinician

Starting Self-Hypnosis

Hypnotizability: capacity to have hypnotic experiencesThe peak period of hypnotizability is childhood, around 6-10 years old. Dentists and phlebotomists can use hypnosis to shift focus. By the time you’re in your early 20s, hypnotizability becomes fixed.Rates of hypnotizability: about 1/3 of adults are not hypnotizable, 2/3 are hypnotizable – with about 15% extremely hypnotizable.Some people are not that hypnotizable: people are overly controlling and busier evaluating than experiencing

Hypnotizability

There’s a correlation between the capacity to keep eyes up and hypnotizabilityTilt your chin back so you’re looking up toward the ceilingDirect eyes upward while openClose your eyes, trying to keep the eyes up while closing the eyelidsIf eyes roll back and you see the whites of your eyes, you’re highly hypnotizable; if eyes roll down and you see the iris (colored part of the eye) you’re less hypnotizable

Are you hypnotizable? Try the Spiegel eye-roll test

Eye movements have a lot to do with consciousness: stimulants make eyes big, opioids constrict pupils, rapid eye movement takes place during sleepEye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) EMDR: psychotherapy designed to alleviate the distress associated with traumatic memories by reducing activation of the amygdala and associated anxiety and reducing the amplitude of threat reflexEMDR is most successful for single event trauma, like a car crash, robbery, etc. – not prolonged experiences like childhood abuse, divorce; it may be helpful but is ultimately an incomplete treatment.

Eye Movement Desensitization And Processing (EMDR)

The hallmark of treatment and getting over things is confronting it head-on.Stress inoculation: we have to deal with stressful things in life to be better equipped the next time we face stress. You’ll become a stronger person if you face problems and stress.We need to think of our brain and body signals as a tool to help us understand what’s going on in the world – and something that can be managedReflect on and categorize pain: is it something that is healing and leading us to get better? Or is it bad and making it worse?Leverage pain and discomfort as an opportunity to take action.

Overcoming Obstacles

It can be necessary and useful to go into a grief state – on the flip side, you want an anchor to hold on to and come back to.Grieving death, ask yourself: what have they left you?Face a loss, live with the emotion that comes with it and embrace that the pain is because of how much they mean to you – reflect on what you gained from knowing the person.

Grief

My guest is Dr. David Spiegel MD, Associate Chair of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Director of the Center on Stress and Health and Director of the Center for Integrative Medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine. Dr. Spiegel has more than 40 years of clinical and research experience with hypnosis, stress physiology, and psychotherapy. In this episode, we examine the role of clinical hypnosis for the treatment of trauma, chronic pain, anxiety and more. Dr. Spiegel explains how to determine your level of ‘hypnotizability’ and provides case studies of incredible successes with hypnosis to treat a variety of ailments. We also discuss how breathing, vision and directed mental focus can modulate internal states and enhance performance. Additionally, we discuss how the adoption of self-hypnosis techniques can reduce stress and enhance sleep in anyone. Dr. Spiegel teaches us how hypnosis works at the neural circuit level to enhance cognitive flexibility. Throughout the episode, Dr. Spiegel summarizes key clinical trials and peer-reviewed findings and resources to work with a trained clinical professional or to do guided self-hypnosis.  Thank you to our sponsors AG1 (Athletic Greens): https://athleticgreens.com/huberman Thesis: https://takethesis.com/huberman ROKA - https://roka.com - code "huberman" Our Patreon page https://www.patreon.com/andrewhuberman Supplements from Thorne https://www.thorne.com/u/huberman Huberman Lab Social & Website  YouTube  Instagram  Twitter  Facebook  Website  Newsletter  Dr. David Spiegel Links  Stanford Center for Stress and Health  Support Dr. Spiegel’s Research at Stanford (tax-deductible)  Dr. Spiegel’s Published Work  Email: david@reveri.com  Article Links  Posthypnotic Amnesia in Hypnotizability Assessment: Validation of a New Scoring System for the Hypnotic Induction Profile  Post-traumatic stress disorder and cancer  Association between Anterior Cingulate Neurochemical Concentration and Individual Differences in Hypnotizability  Hypnosis reduces distress and duration of an invasive medical procedure for children  Other Links  Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis  American Society for Clinical Hypnosis  Watch Andrew’s Hypnosis Session with Dr. Spiegel  Reveri website  Reveri app (iOS)  Join the Waitlist for Reveri for Android  Timestamps (00:00:00) Dr. David Spiegel MD, Hypnosis (00:04:16) AG1 (Athletic Greens), Thesis, ROKA (00:09:09) Clinical Hypnosis (00:16:45) Stage Hypnosis (00:20:25) Neurobiology of Hypnosis (00:26:04) ADHD (00:28:22) Hypnosis for Stress & Sleep (00:32:12) Hypnosis to Strengthen Neural Connections (00:37:19) Restructuring Trauma Narratives (00:45:14) Ketamine Therapy (00:50:07) Self-directed Hypnosis, Reveri (00:56:53) Eliminating Obsessive Thoughts, Superstitions (01:01:50) ‘Hypnotizability’, the Spiegel Eye-roll Test (01:15:36) EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing) (01:21:43) Confronting Stress & Trauma (01:27:56) The Mind-Body Connection (01:31:35) Dealing with Grief (01:35:45) Hypnosis in Children & Groups (01:40:06) Drug Therapies & Hypnosis (01:42:39) Breathing Patterns, Peak Performance (01:50:00) Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Patreon, Thorne, Instagram, Twitter Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac Disclaimer

meditation

Meditation

podcasts

Podcasts

My guest is Dr. David Spiegel MD, Associate Chair of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Director of the Center on Stress and Health and Director of the Center for Integrative Medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine. Dr. Spiegel has more than 40 years of clinical and research experience with hypnosis, stress physiology, and psychotherapy. In this episode, we examine the role of clinical hypnosis for the treatment of trauma, chronic pain, anxiety and more. Dr. Spiegel explains how to determine your level of ‘hypnotizability’ and provides case studies of incredible successes with hypnosis to treat a variety of ailments. We also discuss how breathing, vision and directed mental focus can modulate internal states and enhance performance. Additionally, we discuss how the adoption of self-hypnosis techniques can reduce stress and enhance sleep in anyone. Dr. Spiegel teaches us how hypnosis works at the neural circuit level to enhance cognitive flexibility. Throughout the episode, Dr. Spiegel summarizes key clinical trials and peer-reviewed findings and resources to work with a trained clinical professional or to do guided self-hypnosis.  For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com. Thank you to our sponsors AG1 (Athletic Greens): https://athleticgreens.com/huberman LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/huberman Supplements from Momentous https://www.livemomentous.com/huberman Timestamps (00:00:00) Dr. David Spiegel MD, Hypnosis (00:04:20) Sponsors: AG1, LMNT (00:09:09) Clinical Hypnosis (00:16:45) Stage Hypnosis (00:20:25) Neurobiology of Hypnosis (00:26:04) ADHD (00:28:22) Hypnosis for Stress & Sleep (00:32:12) Hypnosis to Strengthen Neural Connections (00:37:19) Restructuring Trauma Narratives (00:45:14) Ketamine Therapy (00:50:07) Self-directed Hypnosis, Reveri (00:56:53) Eliminating Obsessive Thoughts, Superstitions (01:01:50) ‘Hypnotizability’, the Spiegel Eye-roll Test (01:15:36) EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing) (01:21:43) Confronting Stress & Trauma (01:27:56) The Mind-Body Connection (01:31:35) Dealing with Grief (01:35:45) Hypnosis in Children & Groups (01:40:06) Drug Therapies & Hypnosis (01:42:39) Breathing Patterns, Peak Performance (01:50:00) Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Supplements, Instagram, Twitter Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac Disclaimer

Huberman Lab discusses neuroscience: how our brain and its connections with the organs of our body control our perceptions, our behaviors, and our health. We also discuss existing and emerging tools for measuring and changing how our nervous system works. Dr. Andrew Huberman is a tenured professor of neurobiology and ophthalmology at Stanford School of Medicine. His laboratory studies neural regeneration, neuroplasticity, and brain states such as stress, focus, fear, and optimal performance. For more than 20 years, Dr. Huberman has consistently published original research findings and review articles in top-level peer-reviewed journals, including Nature, Science, Cell, Neuron, and Current Biology. He is a regular member of several National Institutes of Health review panels and a Fellow of the McKnight Foundation and the Pew Charitable Trusts. Dr. Huberman regularly consults for technology development companies, professional athletic organizations, and various units of U.S. and Canadian Special Operations.

Huberman Lab

Dr. David Spiegel: Using Hypnosis to Enhance Mental & Physical Health & Performance

Dr. David Spiegel: Using Hypnosis to Enhance Mental & Physical Health & Performance | Episode 60

Numbers having digits to a number divisible by the original number are Harshad numbers. Harshad means 'giver of joy'.

What Is My Number?

Like 420=》 4+2+0=6420÷6=70420 is a Harshad Number.Like 111=》 1+1+1=3111÷3=37111 is a Harshad number.485=》 4+8+5=17485÷17=28.5294....485 is not a Harshad number.

Examples

A handful of numbers have a very special property: you can add their digits together and divide the original number by their total without a remainder. And why does it matter? Well, in terms of mathematics, it's mostly a curiosity. Dattatreya Ramchandra (D. R.) Kaprekar saw these numbers as sparking joy in the mind, so he named them "Harshad" numbers, with harshad being the Sanskrit word for joy. And it's an important lesson about numbers: not every bit of math needs to change the world. Something that makes you go "huh" for a brief moment can be enough. #shorts

education

Learning & Education

A handful of numbers have a very special property: you can add their digits together and divide the original number by their total without a remainder. And why does it matter? Well, in terms of mathematics, it's mostly a curiosity. Dattatreya Ramchandra (D. R.) Kaprekar saw these numbers as sparking joy in the mind, so he named them "Harshad" numbers, with harshad being the Sanskrit word for joy. And it's an important lesson about numbers: not every bit of math needs to change the world. Something that makes you go "huh" for a brief moment can be enough.

#shorts

Welcome to the official Vsauce2 YouTube channel! Hosted by Kevin Lieber, Vsauce2
explores recreational mathematics including, paradoxes, math games, riddles and more to uncover the surprising complexity beneath seemingly simple concepts.

Vsauce2 launched in December 2010 and is run by Kevin Lieber. 

Vsauce is...
Michael Stevens: Producer/Host of Vsauce1
Kevin Lieber: Producer/Host of Vsauce2
Jake Roper: Producer/Host of Vsauce3
Matthew Tabor: Writer for Vsauce2


Vsauce2

420 is a Harshad Number #shorts

This summary will show two main categories of problem solving: active and less active.<ol><li>Questions</li><li> Active Actions</li><li>Helpful self-tests</li></ol>

Problemhandling

<ul><li>Are there blind spots or missing information?</li><li>Did i asked the right questions?</li><li>How would it occur under different circumstances?</li><li>Am i sure that my assumptions are right?</li></ul>

Ask Questions

<ul><li>Brainstorm to even simpler involved thematics (example: your mood can depend on surroundings, those can depend on others and so on)</li><li>Write about being clueless to get insights why its difficult</li><li>Think about what reasons for your behaviour can be changed to lead to positive outputs</li></ul>

Get Active

<ul><li>Are this the right goals?</li></ul><a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/tests/career/goal-setting-skills-test">https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/tests/career/goal-setting-skills-test</a><ul><li>Is it a good method?</li></ul><a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/tests/personality/organization-skills-test-personal-life-version">https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/tests/personality/organization-skills-test-personal-life-version</a><ul><li>Is this my full potential?</li></ul><a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/tests/career/success-likelihood-test">https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/tests/career/success-likelihood-test</a><ul><li>Are my emotions bad for the solution?</li></ul><a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/tests/personality/testspersonality-1">https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/tests/personality/testspersonality-1</a>

Evaluate yourself

problemsolving

Problem Solving

creativity

Creativity

Methods to Unfold a Problem

.... is a method, proposed by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Kardashev in 1964,  of measuring a civilization's level of technological advancement based on the amount of energy it is able to use. The Kardashev scale has 3 categories:<ul><li>Type I civilization, also called a planetary civilization, can use and store all of the energy available on its planet.</li><li>Type II civilization, also called a stellar civilization, can use and control energy at the scale of its planetary system.</li><li>Type III civilization, also called a galactic civilization, can control energy at the scale of its entire host galaxy.</li></ul>

The Kardashev scale

The Earth is at 0.7 on the Kardashev scale. While the jump has been significant in the last 200 years the number has been stagnant for the past 50. This is an argument for a great planetary stagnation.We could have been a planetary civilization in terms of energy output if we had embraced and developed nuclear energy. We could have lived the future the Jetsons predicted. But fears of nuclear bombs made nuclear a political debate and we stayed on fosil fuels and renewables.

Energetically, Earth is still in its infancy 

Since energy is on everyone's lips after the invasion of Ukraine, I think it would be useful to think of the energy output as a planetary issue, as Kardashev proposed. 

sciencefiction

Science Fiction

politics

Politics

Energy & the Kardashev scale

Obesity is usually the result of an imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended.

1. Basic Reason For Obesity 

However, obesity is not merely a result of a lack of control over eating habits. The following factors also cause it:<ul><li>Genetic</li><li>Behavioural</li><li>Hormonal</li><li>Metabolic</li></ul>

2. Other Factors Leading To Obesity 

The risk of obesity include:<ul><li>Heart disease</li><li>Type 2 Diabetes</li><li>Cancer</li><li>Gynaecological and sexual problems</li></ul>

3. Risks Of Obesity 

Worldwide, obesity has nearly tripled since 1975. For example, between 1980 and 2015 in India, it doubled in children and tripled in adults.

4. Obesity - Constantly Increasing 

Sometimes, it gets difficult to understand overweight and obese; overweight is an adjective. However, its medical definition corresponds to the BMI range of 25.0 – 29.9 kg/m2. However, obesity occurs with a BMI of 30.0 or greater. So now, it is easier to understand the difference between being overweight and obese.

5. Obese V/S Overweight 

In most countries, obesity kills more people than starvation due to socio-economic factors. As per WHO, overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 5-19 has risen dramatically from 4% in 1975 to just over 18% in 2016.

6. Obesity Kills More Than Starvation 

Although some people may have a propensity towards obesity, it is still preventable.

7. Obesity Is Preventable

<ul><li>Ensure that you have healthy and nutritious choices at your discretion</li><li>Be responsible for your diet and implement a healthy lifestyle such as yoga, walking, & exercise.</li><li>Your diet should contain many complex carbohydrates, fruits, vegetables, healthy fats, and lean protein. And it should limit the number of refined carbohydrates, trans fats, and saturated fats.</li></ul>

💡Tips To Prevent Obesity 

<ul><li>Understand your mental and emotional well-being; if you feel that your psychological health needs attention, pay attention to your overall health. </li><li>On certain occasions, when we are high on emotions, our body is not in a balanced state. </li><li>As a result, we either do not eat or consume more than what is required. In those cases, it is essential to monitor your mental health. </li><li>Also, if, on some days, you are feeling low, do not give up; start with mild physical activity like cardio, yoga, aerobics and dance.</li><li> These will lift your mood and motivate you to include physical activities in your lifestyle.</li></ul>

🚨💡 PRO TIP to Prevent Obesity 

Read on to learn all about the 10 facts of obesity (such as, causes, and what it can lead to) that you probably didn't know about.

exerciseandfitness

Exercise & Fitness

Top Facts About Obesity You Probably Didn't Know 

<ol><li>The more models you have—the bigger your toolbox—the more likely you are to have the right models to see reality. It turns out that when it comes to improving your ability to make decisions variety matters.</li><li>By default, a typical Engineer will think in systems. A psychologist will think in terms of incentives. A biologist will think in terms of evolution. If we’re only looking at the problem one way, we’ve got a blind spot. And blind spots can kill you.</li><li>Charlie Munger summed up mental models “Well, the first rule is that you can’t really know anything if you just remember isolated facts.”</li></ol>

Learning To Think Better

<ol><li>The map of reality is not reality. Even the best maps are imperfect. That’s because they are reductions of what they represent. If a map were to represent the territory with perfect fidelity, it would no longer be a reduction and thus would no longer be useful to us. A map can also be a snapshot of a point in time, representing something that no longer exists.</li><li>When ego and not competence drives what we undertake, we have blind spots. If you know what you understand, you know where you have an edge over others. </li><li>First-principles thinking is one of the best ways to reverse-engineer difficult times</li></ol>

Core Mental Models 

<ol><li>Thought experiments are powerful because they help us learn from our mistakes and avoid future ones. They let us take on the impossible, evaluate the potential consequences of our actions, and re-examine history to make better decisions. </li><li>Second-order thinking is thinking farther ahead and thinking holistically. It requires us to not only consider our actions and their immediate consequences, but the subsequent effects of those actions as well. </li><li>Probabilistic thinking is essentially trying to estimate, using some tools of math and logic, the likelihood of any specific outcome. </li></ol>

Core Mental Models- Continued

<ol><li>Occam’s Razor, a classic principle of logic and problem-solving. Instead of wasting your time trying to disprove complex scenarios, you can make decisions more confidently by basing them on the explanation that has the fewest moving parts.</li><li>Hanlon’s Razor states that we should not attribute to malice that which is more easily explained by stupidity. In a complex world, using this model helps us avoid paranoia and ideology.</li></ol>

More Core Mental Models

The smartest people in the world use mental models to make intelligent decisions, avoid stupidity, and increase productivity. Let's take a look at how ...

Understand yourself and those around you.

psychology

Psychology

personaldevelopment

Personal Development

Mental Models: The Best Way to Make Intelligent Decisions (~100 Models Explained) - Farnam Street

The virtual world can seem more immediate and significant than the smelly, tasty, touchy 3D Real World. Its a place of anxiety and triumphant exhilaration which sweeps us into the social networking swirl of collective consciousness.It is a parallel world where you can be on the move in the Real World, yet always hooked into an alternative time and place.Many parents complain that they are unable to take their child away from screen time and back into the 3D world.

A Global Phenomenon

Sharing personal information about oneself, as promoted on social networking sites, activates the reward systems in the brain the same way as food and sex do.

Upon waking, you will be checking your phone within 15 minutes of consciousness.You will need stimulation, excitement and escapism. So you use technology to socialise, for online shopping, playing games etc.The Real physical world is becoming less relevant as traditional constraints of time and space fade.The time that could have been spent walking in fresh air or having a face to face conversation has been forfeited in favour of cyberactivity, which is a completely new type of environment where taste, smell and touch are not stimulated, being completely sedentary for long periods of time.

Unprecedented Times

We have always invented new things, we have always worried about new things and we have always moaned about the younger generations.

In 2000, brain scans showed that London cab drivers had developed physical changes in their brains as a result of their daily activity of constantly using their working memory. Their hippocampus was actually bigger compared to non taxi drivers of the same age. This is an example of the 'use it or lose it' principle.Plasticity is the term for this process, the brains ability to shape and mould itself in response to stimuli.Environmental enrichment has been demonstrated in studies showing physical changes in neural circuits through experience.

How The Brain Changes

The brain undergoes continuous physical change... the brain remakes itself throughout life, in response to outside stimuli to its environment and to experience.

The word 'ecstasy' in Greek means 'to stand outside' of oneself. It is this emotional, unreflective state that we seek out through a diverse range of pursuits - an absence of self consciousness, of being 'abandoned'.MINDLESS - sensation, strong feelings dominate, here and now, driven by external environment, little meaning, not self conscious, high dopamine, meaningless world.MINDFUL - cognition, thinking dominates, past-present-future, driven by internal perceptions, personalised meaning, robust sense of self, less dopamine, meaningful world.

Out Of Your Mind

Thinking is movement confined to the brain.

How digital technologies are leaving their mark on our brains.

We live in a world unimaginable only decades ago: a domain of backlit screens, instant information, and vibrant experiences that can outcompete dreary reality. Our brave new technologies offer incredible opportunities for work and play. But at what price? Now renowned neuroscientist Susan Greenfield—known in the United Kingdom for challenging entrenched conventional views—brings together a range of scientific studies, news events, and cultural criticism to create an incisive snapshot of “the global now.” Disputing the assumption that our technologies are harmless tools, Greenfield explores whether incessant exposure to social media sites, search engines, and videogames is capable of rewiring our brains, and whether the minds of people born before and after the advent of the Internet differ. Stressing the impact on Digital Natives—those who’ve never known a world without the Internet—Greenfield exposes how neuronal networking may be affected by unprecedented bombardments of audiovisual stimuli, how gaming can shape a chemical landscape in the brain similar to that in gambling addicts, how surfing the Net risks placing a premium on information rather than on deep knowledge and understanding, and how excessive use of social networking sites limits the maturation of empathy and identity. But Mind Change also delves into the potential benefits of our digital lifestyle. Sifting through the cocktail of not only threat but opportunity these technologies afford, Greenfield explores how gaming enhances vision and motor control, how touch tablets aid students with developmental disabilities, and how political “clicktivism” foments positive change. In a world where adults spend ten hours a day online, and where tablets are the common means by which children learn and play, Mind Change reveals as never before the complex physiological, social, and cultural ramifications of living in the digital age. A book that will be to the Internet what An Inconvenient Truth was to global warming, Mind Change is provocative, alarming, and a call to action to ensure a future in which technology fosters—not frustrates—deep thinking, creativity, and true fulfillment. Praise for Mind Change “Greenfield’s application of the mismatch between human and machine to the brain introduces an important variation on this pervasive view of technology. . . . She has a rare talent for explaining science in accessible prose.”—The Washington Post “Greenfield’s focus is on bringing to light the implications of Internet-induced ‘mind change’—as comparably multifaceted as the issue of climate change, she argues, and just as important.”—Chicago Tribune “Mind Change is exceedingly well organized and hits the right balance between academic and provocative.”—Booklist “[A] challenging, stimulating perspective from an informed neuroscientist on a complex, fast-moving, hugely consequential field.”—Kirkus Reviews “[Greenfield] is not just an engaging communicator but a thoughtful, responsible scientist, and the arguments she makes are well-supported and persuasive.”—Mail on Sunday “Greenfield’s admirable goal to prove an empirical basis for discussion is . . . an important one.”—Financial Times “An important presentation of an uncomfortable minority position.”—Jaron Lanier, Nature

Mind Change

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