Job simulation tests are exercises designed to replicate a real-life working environment. It assesses a candidate’s ability to do a particular role, such as answering calls, completing a skills test, or presenting a report.
In turn, candidates gain insight into the exact type of work the role will entail, helping them understand if it’s the right fit for them.

Job simulations are becoming more popular

A candidate is placed into a high-pressure work-related scenario and asked to use their judgment to overcome it. These tests determine how well your candidate makes decisions. They are great for customer-facing roles or managers. Use this test as part of your early screening process to know what makes your candidates tick early on.

Situation Judgment Tests

A candidate is given a series of day-to-day tasks to complete within a set time. For example, answering calls, responding to emails, light admin tasks, or managing a customer complaint. These exercises help understand how efficiently your candidate completes day-to-day administrative or managerial tasks. They are used in the middle stages of the recruitment process to check that the candidate can perform effectively. They typically take an hour.

In-Basket/In-Tray Exercises

The skills assessment tests show a candidate's ability in a particular skill, competency, or knowledge area required for the role. They can be used for any role that lends themselves to specialised positions such as software developers. Because they are designed to be quick and easy to complete, they're a fantastic modern screening tool, helping you modernise early-stage tasks such as resume submission or filter interviews.

Skills Assessments

These exercises are designed to simulate real-life team interactions required for the role. They cover writing a report, delivering a presentation, or partaking in a workshop. The exercises are used for creative, customer-facing, or team leader roles to understand if a candidate can work collaboratively, present ideas, and lead others. Ensure to use these exercises in the final selection stage as they are time-intensive.

Live Exercises

This is the ultimate job simulation, with candidates thrust into a real-life situation alongside actors. They are designed to place candidates into agitating scenarios to see how they work with those around them. They give insight into how well candidates can adapt to new and high-stress situations and are ideal for managers, leaders, and customer-facing staff.

Role-Play

Job simulation tests add real value to recruiters and hiring managers across the globe.  Key benefits include:<ul><li>Evaluate job-specific skills. Job simulations help to evaluate specific skills, knowledge, or competencies that a candidate will need to excel in the role.</li><li>Well-rounded candidate insights. It showcases various aspects of a candidate's personality, giving insight into how well they'll fit into your wider team.</li><li>Eliminate unconscious bias and helps to make the right decision.</li><li>Enable self-selection. Job simulations are the ultimate ‘try before you buy’ for candidates.</li></ul>

Job simulation tests benefits

Job simulations are super popular within modern hiring teams. Find out what they are, how to use them, and the benefits you can gain.

career

Career

technologyandthefuture

Technology & The Future

humanresources

Human Resources

Job Simulations are Gaining Momentum – Here’s Why!

The exact configuration of lines and swirls that make up your fingerprints are thought to be unique to you. Similarly, your browser fingerprint is a set of information that’s collected from your phone or laptop each time you use it that advertisers can eventually link back to you. By combining this information, it’s possible for advertisers to recognise you as you move from one website to the next. Multiple studies have found that around 80-90 % of browser fingerprints are unique. Fingerprinting is often done by advertising technology companies that insert their code onto websites.

What Is Fingerprinting?

While there’s little transparency around the companies that run fingerprinting scripts, the practice is verifiably widespread across the web. Many of the websites you visit will fingerprint your device; research from 2020 found a quarter of the world’s top 10,000 websites running fingerprinting scripts.New ways of fingerprinting are being created too. For instance, earlier this year researchers proved they could create fingerprints of GPUs to identify people. Tracking people across different browsers is also possible.

So How Bad Is It?

A principal security researcher at Kaspersky, says the technique can often be used as a way to spot potential fraud, such as banks using it to identify suspicious behavior.However, the widespread use of fingerprinting for targeted advertising and tracking people’s online movement raises legal problems. Across Europe, regulators have been calling for a clampdown on cookie banners, which appear on websites asking people if they give their permission to be tracked.

Not all fingerprinting is bad

Unlike cookies, it’s hard to stop fingerprinting. Cookies are stored in your browser, and it’s possible to delete your cookie history, block them, or turn them off entirely. With the fingerprinting, it's all invisible. Various browser plugins claim to help reduce or stop fingerprinting, but there’s a mix in quality. A 2019 study by a researcher from Snap and two US academics found many anti-fingerprinting tools aren’t that useful. The biggest thing you can do to stop fingerprinting is pick a browser that limits tracking and increases privacy.

How Can You Stop It?

Cookies are on the way out—but not enough is being done about browser fingerprinting. So what is it?

cybersecurity

Cybersecurity

The Quiet Way Advertisers Are Tracking Your Browsing

“To do evil a human being must first of all believe that what he’s doing is good, or else that it’s a well-considered act in conformity with natural law. Fortunately, it is in the nature of the human being to seek a justification for his actions. ”

“Don’t be confused by what looks like luck to you. Lucky people don’t make successful people; people who completely commit themselves to success seem to get lucky in life.”

“until you become completely obsessed with your mission, no one will take you seriously. Until the world understands that you’re not going away—that you are 100 percent committed and have complete and utter conviction and will persist in pursuing your project—you will not get the attention you need and the support you want.”

“Success tends to bless those who are most committed to giving it the most attention.”

“Centuries ago migration was a leap into the unknown. It was an enormous intellectual and emotional commitment.”

“When we face pain in relationships our first response is often to sever bonds rather than to maintain commitment.”

And, when you can’t go back, you have to worry only about the best way of moving forward.”

“Why are we here, that is the question? And we are blessed in this, that we happen to know the answer. Yes, in this immense confusion one thing alone is clear. We are waiting for Godot to come...We are not saints, but we have kept our appointment.”

M]aking a decision was only the beginning of things. When someone makes a decision, he is really diving into a strong current that will carry him to places he had never dreamed of when he first made the decision.”

Vulnerability is the birthplace of love, belonging, joy, courage, empathy, and creativity. It is the source of hope, empathy, accountability, and authenticity. If we want greater clarity in our purpose or deeper and more meaningful spiritual lives, vulnerability is the path.”

“’The subjects will eventually recall and understand the purpose of the hard things we have done and plan to do to them. The mission of WICKED is to serve and preserve humanity, no matter the cost. We are, indeed, ‘good’.

“Speak Life: You are loved. You have purpose. You are a masterpiece. You are wonderfully made. God has a great plan for you.”

“The chief thing is to love others like yourself, that’s the great thing, and that’s everything; nothing else is wanted.”

“No other instinct can so satisfy without accomplishing its biological purpose, and no other instinct is so disconnected from its purpose.”

“‘But for what end, then, has this world been formed?’ said Candide. ‘To plague us to death,’ answered Martin.”

“Realistic thinking is based on what others think is possible—but they are not you and have no way of knowing your potential and purposes.”

“If your purpose is something larger than you- to accomplish something, to prove something to yourself- then suddenly everything becomes both easier and more difficult.”

“Purpose is about pursuing something outside yourself as opposed to pleasuring yourself.”

“Respond to every call that excites your spirit.”

personaldevelopment

Personal Development

leadershipandmanagement

Leadership & Management

scienceandnature

Science & Nature

Quotes To Thrive. 

The Graphics Interchange Format was a technological solution developed by Stephen Wilhite.<ul><li>In the 1980s, Wilhite was the lead engineer on a team at CompuServe tasked with finding a way to quickly distribute “high-quality, high-resolution graphics” in color.</li><li>Developing this became an obsession for Wilhite, who would perfect the product at home.</li><li>The result, GIF, was released in 1987, but its commercial success is due in large part to Netscape, which, in 1995 added the ability for GIFs to loop.</li></ul>

The GIF backstory

<ul><li>With the rise of GIFs came a historic internet debate: whether it’s pronounced “gif” (with a hard G, like “gift”) or “jif.” </li><li>In 2012, Oxford American Dictionaries named “GIF” its US Word of the Year, accepting both pronunciations.</li><li>In 2013, Stephen Wilhite old The New York Times, “It’s a soft ‘G,’ pronounced ‘jif.’ End of story.</li><li>It was a baller move, but despite his clarification, the debate seemingly continues to this day.</li></ul>

GIF vs. JIF

The most ubiquitous platform for GIFs today is Giphy, used by 700m+ people and said to come 2nd only to Google in search engine activity.According to Giphy, the 1st GIF ever uploaded to the internet, by Stephen Wilhite himself, was of a plane over rolling clouds.

The impact of GIFs

The man behind the looping graphics synonymous with internet culture passed away this week.

The enormous impact of Stephen Wilhite, inventor of the GIF

<ul><li>According to a recent survey conducted by iSMG, 100% of the respondents said that Zero Trust is critical to reducing their cybersecurity risk.</li><li>46% said Zero Trust is the most crucial security practice.</li><li>Another survey by Forrester showed that 78% of security executives plan to raise their use of Zero Trust in 2022.</li></ul> However, there's an execution problem with Zero Trust.<ul><li>Forrester's survey reports full deployment of Zero Trust at only 6%.</li><li>30% said Zero Trust is in partial deployment or production,</li><li>and 63% are in assessment, strategy or pilot phases.</li></ul> As a result, many are just planning, not executing.

Approach Cybersecurity with Zero Trust Strategies

It's normal to start risk assessment with attack surface analysis. For example, security professionals look at where the perimeter is, how someone might break in and what method they might use. With Zero Trust, it is different. The highest value and highest risk users and assets are recommended starting from the data and applications. Consequently, the protective surface is smaller than the attack perimeter and easier to defend. Prioritise what to protect based on what's critical, then move to the next set of protection surfaces on the priority list.

Understand the protection surface

You can't protect what you can't see. First complete visibility to understand how everything connects and behaves, which is the cause of security gaps or broken workflows. Once they get complete visibility, they can understand what trust and enforcement policies they need. Then they implement Zero Trust around four enforcement points (identities, devices, networks, applications, and data).

Maximizing Visibility

Data centres traditionally manage networks and surrounding environments by creating a "micro-boundary" in the data centre with a differential segment, meaning only pre-approved traffic flows can pass. When building a Zero Trust Architecture, the principle is the same, but the network segment and boundary will be much smaller. Consequently, the micro-segmentation policy should be de-coupled from the existing network architecture and have the capability to scale at ease. The allowed list is based on policy, not IP addresses.

 Building The New Boundary - Micro-segmentation

Identity is the foundation of Zero Trust security. It means knowing where all identities originate: user identities, service accounts, application sessions, ephemeral identities, and cloud assets. Identity-based Zero Trust continually monitors every access request made by all users to any resource in the system. It ensures a thorough audit trail for compliance.

Aligning Identities

Remote workers accessing your network increase the attack surfaces on a new scale. The security team should find ways to reduce the attack surface to minimize exposure. Internally, a micro-segmentation approach gives a secure 1:1 connection to authorized resources. We can also apply Zero Trust security outside the organization against external threats by:<ul><li>proactively mapping your digital footprint,</li><li>monitoring communication channels for attack indicators,</li><li>rapidly mitigating identified threats (including patching).</li></ul>

Reducing Attack Surface

Zero Trust models include Google's <a href="https://cloud.google.com/beyondcorp?ref=hackernoon.com">BeyondCorp</a>, Gartner's <a href="https://www.gartner.com/en/webinars/3891406/the-7-imperatives-of-continuous-adaptive-risk-and-trust-assessme?ref=hackernoon.com">CARTA</a>, NIST <a href="https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-207.pdf?ref=hackernoon.com">SP800–207</a>, and <a href="https://www.forrester.com/blogs/tag/ztx/?ref=hackernoon.com">ZTX </a>by Forrester. They assume that being compromised is inevitable. The key difference between Cybersecurity and Cyber-Resilience is the focus of response.<ul><li>In cybersecurity, we have DR/ BCP to ensure organizations can continue operations quickly. Yet, cybersecurity still focus on preventive controls.</li><li>Achieving cyber-resilience is not the endgame. It is an endless journey. Organizations must prepare for the worst and identify vulnerabilities before adversaries.</li></ul>

Cybersecurity vs. Cyber-Resilience

With cybersecurity, the question is no longer only how to keep bad players out. Instead, the priority is how to recover as quickly as possible once an attack occurs.

With increased attack surfaces caused by businesses migrating to the cloud and remote workers, Zero Trust has become cybersecurity's most valuable thing.

How Do I Adopt a 'Zero Trust' Framework?

Education is more than just an organized system of learning. Education should expand our consciousness, capabilities, sensitivities, and cultural understanding. It should enlarge our worldview. As we all live in two worlds—the world within you that exists only because you do, and the world around you—the core purpose of education is to enable students to understand both worlds. In today’s climate, there is also a new and urgent challenge: to provide forms of education that engage young people with the global-economic issues of environmental well-being.

The Purpose Of Education

<ul><li>Learning is the process of acquiring new skills and understanding</li><li>Training is a type of education that is focused on learning specific skills</li></ul>Children love to learn, they do it naturally; many have a hard time with education, and some have big problems with school.Young people need to know, understand, and be able to do certain things. As a result, many do not fit in the assumptions of compulsory education.

Learning Vs Training

There are a few terms that are often confused or used interchangeably—“learning,” “education,” “training,” and “school”—but there are important differences between them. It is vital that we differentiate these terms: Children love to learn, they do it naturally; many have a hard time with education, and some have big problems with school.

Understanding The Various Terms

<ul><li>Education should enable young people to engage with the world within them as well as the world around them</li><li>All individuals have unique strengths and weaknesses, outlooks and personalities.</li><li>Students do not come in standard physical shapes or sizes.</li><li>They all have their own aptitudes and dispositions and different ways of understanding things.</li></ul>

The First Purpose: Personal

<ul><li>There are various definitions of culture, but the most appropriate is "the values and forms of behaviour that characterize different social groups."</li><li>Education is one of the ways that communities pass on values from one generation to the next.</li><li>Living respectfully with diversity is not just an ethical choice, it is a practical imperative.</li></ul>

The Second Purpose: Cultural

<ul><li>Education should enable students to become economically responsible and independent.</li><li>An educated workforce is essential to creating economic prosperity.</li><li>The world of work has changed so profoundly since the Industrial Revolution.</li><li>Many jobs are disappearing and being rapidly replaced by contemporary counterparts.</li><li>Schools need to prepare students to navigate this ever-changing economic landscape.</li></ul>

The Third Purpose: Economic

<ul><li>Education should enable young people to become active and compassionate citizens.</li><li>For a democratic society to function, it depends upon the majority of its people being active within the democratic process.</li><li>In many democracies, this is not the case.</li><li>Schools should engage students in becoming active, and proactive, democratic participants.</li></ul>

The Fourth Purpose: Social

The conventional curriculum is based on a collection of separate subjects. These are prioritized according to beliefs around the limited understanding of intelligence we discussed in the previous chapter, as well as what is deemed to be important later in life. The idea of “subjects” suggests that each subject, whether mathematics, science, art, or language, stands completely separate from all the other subjects. This is problematic, and as we later find out, incorrect as well.

The Standard Curriculum

The concept of disciplines brings us to a better starting point when planning the curriculum, which is to ask what students should know and be able to do as a result of their education. The four purposes suggest eight core competencies that if properly integrated into education, will equip students who leave school to engage in the economic, cultural, social, and personal challenges they will inevitably face in their lives. These competencies are curiosity, creativity, criticism, communication, collaboration, compassion, composure, and citizenship.

The Eight Competencies

Education should not be one size fits all.

Read an excerpt from a new book by Sir Ken Robinson and Kate Robinson, which calls for redesigning education for the future.

education

Learning & Education

artsandculture

Society, Arts & Culture

What Is Education For?

While concerns about AI and ethical violations have become common in companies, turning these anxieties into actionable conversations can be tough. With the complexities of machine learning, ethics, and of their points of intersection, there are no quick fixes, and conversations around these issues can feel nebulous and abstract. Getting to the desired outcomes requires learning to talk about these issues differently.

The Premise

Over the past several years, concerns around AI ethics have gone mainstream. The concerns, and the outcomes everyone wants to avoid, are largely agreed upon and well documented. No one wants to push out discriminatory or biased AI. No one wants to be the object of a lawsuit or regulatory investigation for violations of privacy. But once we’ve all agreed that biased, black box, privacy-violating AI is bad, where do we go from here? The question most every senior leader asks is: How do we take action to mitigate those ethical risks?

AI Ethics

Acting quickly to address concerns is admirable, but with the complexities of machine learning, ethics, and of their points of intersection, there are no quick fixes. To implement, scale, and maintain effective AI ethical risk mitigation strategies, companies should begin with a deep understanding of the problems they’re trying to solve. A challenge, however, is that conversations about AI ethics can feel nebulous. The first step, then, should consist of learning how to talk about it in concrete, actionable ways.

Understanding The Problems That Need To Be Solved

Summon a senior-level working group that is responsible for driving AI ethics in your organization. They should have the right skills, experience, and knowledge such that the conversations are well-informed about the business needs, technical capacities, and operational know-how. Involve four kinds of people: technologists, legal/compliance experts, ethicists, and business leaders. Their collective goal is to understand the sources of ethical risks generally, for the industry of which they are members, and for their particular company.

The People Who Need To Be Involved

You need the technologist to assess what is technologically feasible, not only at a per product level but also at an organizational level. That is because, in part, various ethical risk mitigation plans require different tech tools and skills. Knowing where your organization is from a technological perspective can be essential to mapping out how to identify and close the biggest gaps.

The Tech Guys

Legal and compliance experts are there to help ensure that any new risk mitigation plan is compatible and not redundant with existing risk mitigation practices. Legal issues loom particularly large in light of the fact that it’s neither clear how existing laws and regulations bear on new technologies, nor what new regulations or laws are coming down the pipeline.

The Legal Eagles

Ethicists are there to help ensure a systematic and thorough investigation into the ethical and reputational risks you should attend to, not only by virtue of developing and procuring AI, but also those risks that are particular to your industry and/or your organization. Their importance is particularly relevant because compliance with outdated regulations does not ensure the ethical and reputational safety of your organization.

The Path Correctors

Business leaders should help ensure that all risk is mitigated in a way that is compatible with business necessities and goals. Zero risk is an impossibility so long as anyone does anything. But unnecessary risk is a threat to the bottom line, and risk mitigation strategies also should be chosen with an eye towards what is economically feasible.

The Business Leaders

Once the team is in place, here are three crucial conversations to have. <ul><li>One conversation concerns coming to a shared understanding of what goals an AI ethical risk program should be striving for. </li><li>The second conversation concerns identifying gaps between where the organization is now and where it wants to be. </li><li>The third conversation is aimed at understanding the sources of those gaps so that they are comprehensively and effectively addressed.</li></ul>

Three Conversations to Push Things Forward

Any conversation should recognize that legal compliance (like the anti-discrimination law) and regulatory compliance are table stakes. The question to address is: Given that the set of ethical risks is not identical to the set of legal/regulatory risks, what do we identify as the ethical risks for our industry/organization and where do we stand on them?

Define Your Organization’s Ethical Standard for AI

There are various technical “solutions” or “fixes” to AI ethics problems. A number of software products from big tech to startups to non-profits help data scientists apply quantitative metrics of fairness to their model outputs. Tools like LIME and SHAP aid data scientists in explaining how outputs are arrived at in the first place. But virtually no one thinks these technical solutions, or any technological solution for that matter, will sufficiently mitigate the ethical risk and transform your organization into one that meets its AI ethics standards.

Identify the Gaps Between Where You Are Now and What Your Standards Call For

Your AI ethics team should determine where their respective limits are and how their skills and knowledge can complement each other. This means asking:<ul><li>What, exactly, is the risk we’re trying to mitigate?</li><li>How does software/quantitative analysis help us mitigate that risk?</li><li>What gaps do the software/quantitative analyses leave?</li><li>What kinds of qualitative assessments do we need to make, when do we need to make them, on what basis do we make them, and who should make them, so that those gaps are appropriately filled?</li></ul>

Know The Limits

Many conversations around bias in AI start with giving examples and immediately talking about “biased data sets.” Sometimes this will slide into talk about “implicit bias” or “unconscious bias,” which are terms borrowed from psychology that lack a clear and direct application to “biased data sets.” But it’s not enough to say, “the models are trained on biased data sets” or “the AI reflects our historical societal discriminatory actions and policies.”

Understand the Complex Sources of The Problems and Operationalize Solutions

Productive conversations on ethics should go deeper than broad stroke examples descried by specialists and non-specialists alike. Your organization needs the right people at the table so that its standards can be defined and deepened. Your organization should fruitfully marry its quantitative and qualitative approaches to ethical risk mitigation so it can close the gaps between where it is now and where it wants it to be. And it should appreciate the complexity of the sources of its AI ethical risks.

The Bottom Line

Move from abstract concerns to actionable plans.

philosophy

Philosophy

Discover the world of business and economics.

economics

Economics

business

Business

artificialintelligence

Artificial Intelligence

Ethics and AI: 3 Conversations Companies Need to Have

In a post-pandemic landscape, the corporate world has begun to evolve significantly. With 66% of 22-56-year-olds now working at home at least once a week, digitalization has taken center stage within the business world as technology continues to transform the WFH potential.In fact, 38% of WFH-based companies are planning to implement at least one new form of smart technology into their workplace in 2022 alone, as a remote future becomes a certain reality.

A Remote Future

Augmented reality, otherwise known as AR is a form of immersive technology that is able to enhance your reality. Unlike virtual reality which is able to create a new 3D dimension with the help of VR hardware, AR simply adds digital layers onto what you already see.Using a series of digital layers, AR and VR users are able to enhance their remote working experience. From attending virtual meetings from the comfort of your couch to displaying large amounts of data in front of your eyes, experts suggest that immersive tools could be the key to company success in the digital age.

Augmented Reality

How can immersive technology boost success? The key here is business efficiency. Not only can AR/VR-based tools speed up onboarding and training processes for newcomers, but they also reduce the workload for the other staff members who would struggle to train new employees in a remote setting.Immersive aids do exactly what they say on the tin. They immerse you within your work. Seeing data in real-time and embracing training sessions in a completely virtual immersive setting enables employees to connect to what they are doing and is proved to increase task focus.

The Future of Virtual Onboarding 

One of the main areas of the corporate sector that is set for reform is staff training. As remote onboarding becomes a challenge of the past, immersive training tools are aiding business leaders to onboard staff with minimal effort and maximum success.Utilizing the immersive benefits of AR and VR-based technology, new employees will experience a realistic training practice, where they will be able to interact with mock virtual activities and gain a hands-on onboarding session, accelerating their learning process.

Benefits of Immersive Training Tools

Immersive aids can also significantly <a href="https://theappsolutions.com/blog/development/ar-benefits-for-business/?ref=hackernoon.com">reduce company costs</a> and provide a hefty ROI. From reducing staff assistance to automating a large portion of the company workload, the business’ production value can still remain high, while staff costs remain low, a perfect story for digital success.

Reducing Costs

The evolution of immersive aids, powered by augmented and virtual reality are set to revolutionize the future of WFH.

product

Product & Design

Virtual Onboarding: Will Immersive AR/VR Tools Replace In-person Training?

Targeted surveillance (or targeted interception ) is a form of surveillance , such as wiretapping , that is directed towards specific persons of interest, and is distinguishable from mass surveillance (or bulk interception). Both untargeted and targeted surveillance is routinely accused of treating innocent people as suspects in ways that are unfair, of violating human rights , international treaties and conventions as well as national laws, and of failing to pursue security effectively.

Targeted Surveillance 

<ul><li>Mass surveillance is also known as “passive” or “undirected” surveillance. [...] It is not targeted on any particular individual but gathers images and information for possible future use. CCTV and databases are examples of mass surveillance.</li><li>Targeted surveillance is surveillance directed at particular individuals and can involve the use of specific powers by authorised public agencies. Targeted surveillance can be carried out overtly or covertly, and can involve human agents. ---See Next</li></ul>

Passive or Undirected

Under the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulation_of_Investigatory_Powers_Act_2000">Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 </a>(RIPA), targeted covert surveillance is “directed” if it is carried out for a specific investigation or operation. By comparison, if it is carried out on designated premises or on a vehicle, it is “intrusive” surveillance. Targeting methods include the interception of communications, the use of communications “traffic” data, visual surveillance devices, and devices that sense movement, objects or persons.

Directors Cut

The current approach of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSA">NSA </a>and its related organizations is attempting to collect all <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIGINT">signals </a>of everybody at all times without any prior selection.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Targeted_surveillance#cite_note-10"> </a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Targeted_surveillance#cite_note-11">[11] </a> So any current selection is only used for targets of special interest, human review or special resource allocation.Such selectors include searching the web for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_software">privacy-enhancing software tools </a>such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor_(anonymity_network)">Tor </a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Targeted_surveillance#cite_note-13"> </a> A leaked document revealed that for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XKeyscore">XKeyscore </a>program, using languages that are out of place for the region one is in, using encryption, and searching the web for 'suspicious stuff', were suggested as selectors.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Targeted_surveillance#cite_note-16"> </a>

Collecting All Signals

Computer scientists at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania </a>have developed an algorithmic framework for conducting targeted surveillance of individuals within social networks while protecting the privacy of "untargeted" digital bystanders that "outputs a list of confirmed targeted individuals discovered in the network, for whom any subsequent action (e.g., publication in a most-wanted list, further surveillance, or arrest in the case of terrorism; medical treatment or quarantine in the case of epidemics) will not compromise the privacy of the protected".<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Targeted_surveillance#cite_note-47"> </a>

The Untargeted?

The crypto and security communities can make the Internet more secure by making population-wide surveillance technically or economically infeasible, understanding that modest amounts of targeted surveillance will always be technically and economically feasible.

Crypto Communities

This is what it is in a basic sense, but there obviously is much much more. Just tapping the surfaces here for a while.

computerscience

Computer Science

Targeted surveillance - Wikipedia

Haptic technology , also known as kinaesthetic communication or 3D touch , refers to any technology that can create an experience of touch by applying forces , vibrations , or motions to the user. These technologies can be used to create virtual objects in a computer simulation , to control virtual objects, and to enhance remote control of machines and devices (telerobotics ). Haptic devices may incorporate tactile sensors that measure forces exerted by the user on the interface. The word haptic , from the Greek : ἁπτικός , means "tactile, pertaining to the sense of touch".

Haptic Technology And 3D Touch

Haptic technology facilitates investigation of how the human sense of touch works by allowing the creation of controlled haptic virtual objects. Most researchers distinguish three sensory systems related to sense of touch in humans: cutaneous , kinaesthetic and haptic . All perceptions mediated by cutaneous and kinaesthetic sensibility are referred to as tactual perception. The sense of touch may be classified as passive and active, and the term "haptic" is often associated with active touch to communicate or recognize objects.

3 Senses of Touch

Types of Mechanical Touch SensingHuman sensing of mechanical loading in the skin is managed by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanoreceptor">Mechanoreceptors </a>. There are a number of types of mechanoreceptors but those present in the finger pad are typically placed into two categories. Fast acting (FA) and slow acting (SA). SA mechanoreceptors are sensitive to relatively large stresses and at low frequencies while FA mechanoreceptors are sensitive to smaller stresses at higher frequencies. --->See Next

Mechanoreceptors

The result of this is that generally SA sensors can detect textures with amplitudes greater than 200 micrometers and FA sensors can detect textures with amplitudes less than 200 micrometers down to about 1 micrometer. Though some research suggests that FA can only detect textures smaller than the fingerprint wavelength.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic_technology#cite_note-18"> </a>FA mechanoreceptors achieve this high resolution of sensing by sensing vibrations produced by friction and an interaction of the fingerprint texture moving over fine surface texture.

Slow Acting And Fast Acting

Air vortex rings<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_ring">Air vortex rings </a>are donut-shaped air pockets made up of concentrated gusts of air. Focused air vortices can have the force to blow out a candle or disturb papers from a few yards away. Both Microsoft Research (AirWave)<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic_technology#cite_note-25"> </a>and Disney Research (AIREAL)<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic_technology#cite_note-26"> </a>have used air vortices to deliver non-contact haptic feedback.

Non Contact Haptic Feedback

Focused <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultrasound">ultrasound </a>beams can be used to create a localized sense of pressure on a finger without touching any physical object. The focal point that creates the sensation of pressure is generated by individually controlling the phase and intensity of each transducer in an array of ultrasound transducers. These beams can also be used to deliver sensations of vibration,and to give users the ability to feel virtual 3D objects.----> See Next

Ultrasounds Beamforming

Another form of tactile feed back results from active touch when a human scans (runs their finger over a surface) to gain information about a surfaces texture. A significant amount of information about a surfaces texture on the micro meter scale can be gathered through this action as vibrations resulting from friction and texture activate <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanoreceptor">mechanoreceptors </a>in the human skin. Towards this goal plates can be made to vibrate at an ultrasonic frequency which reduces the friction between the plate and skin.

Surface Textures

A tactile electronic display is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_device">display device </a>that delivers text and graphical information using the sense of touch. Devices of this kind have been developed to assist blind or deaf users by providing an alternative to visual or auditory sensation.

Accessibility For The Blind

Haptic feedback is used within <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teledildonics">teledildonics </a>, or "sex-technology," in order to remotely connect sex toys and allow users to engage in virtual sex or allow a remote server to control their sex toy. Teledildonics and sex-technology have expanded to include toys with a two-way connection that allow virtual sex through the communication of vibrations, pressures and sensations. Many "smart" vibrators allow for a one-way connection either between the user, or a remote partner, to allow control of the toy.

Teledildonics

Haptics are gaining widespread acceptance as a key part of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_reality">virtual reality </a>systems, adding the sense of touch to previously visual-only interfaces. Systems are being developed to use haptic interfaces for 3D modeling and design, including systems that allow holograms to be both seen and felt.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic_technology#cite_note-90"> </a> Several companies are making full-body or torso haptic vests or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic_suit">haptic suits </a>for use in immersive virtual reality to allow users to feel explosions and bullet impacts.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haptic_technology#cite_note-91">[ </a>

Virtual REALity

Haptic technology is the beginning of how the non contact ability of haptic feedback or engagement was discovered or implied. The use of technology to give a user feedback also opened doors to harassment if someone were to copy the technological abilities. I will explain more of this soon.

entertainment

Entertainment

Haptic technology - Wikipedia

Find 100+ Facts about Technology - Curated by others from trusted sources like Books, Podcasts & Articles - Genuine Insights from like-minded Users like You!