Fonts can mean different things to different people. <ul><li>A new study by Monotype suggests that fonts can change how we feel about a particular message.</li><li>Another study determined that some fonts, like Garamond EB and Montserrat, were harder for older people to read.</li><li>Fonts can trigger an emotional response. For example, we experience positive emotional responses to softer and more recognizable font types, while pointy and sharp font types often trigger negative emotions.</li></ul>

Fonts are subjective

A recent study tested the stimuli of 400 participants in three contrasting typefaces:FS Jack, a soft, lightweight sans serifGilroy, a bolder, more geometric sans serifCotford, a serif font that looks more historical When participants were shown the word “quality” in Cotford, they found it 10% more noteworthy than the two other fonts. When they were shown a full sentence in Gilroy, they found it stood out by 12%. These numbers may seem marginal. However, any difference above 5 to 6% is considered significant.

Study on fonts and emotional responses

Understand yourself and those around you.

psychology

Psychology

The surprising psychology of fonts

Two things determine how life turns out – luck and the quality of your decisions. You can’t affect luck, but you can affect the quality of your decisions. By improving the quality of the decisions, you increase the odds of good things happening to you.The future is inherently uncertain, so good decisions cannot guarantee outcomes. They just make good outcomes more likely.

Why You Should Care About Making Better Decisions

People generally find it hard to distinguish a good quality decision from a decision that turned out well. Instead of assessing the decision-making process, they just tend to look at the result of the decision. Psychologists call this “outcome bias”.The idea that the result of a decision tells you something about the quality of a decision is extremely powerful (but wrong). You can give someone the same exact facts describing a decision but their view of whether the decision is good or bad will usually change depending on how the decision turns out.

Assessing the Quality of Past Decisions: Outcome Bias

In the case of any single decision, good quality decisions can still turn out bad and a bad quality decision can still turn out good. This is due to the role that luck plays. In the long run, however, higher quality decisions are more likely to lead to better outcomes.The paradox of experience is the idea that experience is necessary for learning, but individual experiences often interfere with learning. This is because of various cognitive biases that hinder our ability to view decisions accurately.

The Paradox Of Experience

Most people are likely to blame bad luck for a bad outcome and credit skill for a good outcome. This is motivated reasoning. Motivated reasoning is the tendency to process information to get to the conclusion we want (rather than the truth). Motivated reasoning might be comforting, but it hinders your ability to learn from your experiences and make better decisions. In the long run, it’s better to be accurate in how you perceive the world, so that you can make better decisions.

Biases: Motivated Reasoning

Hindsight bias is the tendency to believe that the way something turned out was inevitable or at least predictable. A common example is when people say “I should have known”, “I can’t believe I didn’t see that coming”, or “I told you so (especially if they didn’t)”. Hindsight bias can distort your memory of what you knew at the time you made the decision.Resulting and hindsight bias can also make you less compassionate. It can make you more likely to blame people for bad outcomes even when the bad outcome wasn’t their fault.

Hindsight Bias

Confirmation bias – The tendency to notice and seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs.Disconfirmation bias – The tendency to be more critical of information that contradicts our existing beliefs.Overconfidence – overestimating our own skills, intellect or talent.Availability bias – overestimating the frequency or likelihood of events that are easily available (e.g. more vivid events are easier to recall, so are more available).Recency bias – believing that recent events are more likely to occur than they actually are.

Common Cognitive Biases

A decision tree is a useful tool for evaluating past decisions and improving the quality of new ones.Before a decision, the different potential outcomes of that decision are like the many different branches of a decision tree. There are many possible futures but only one past. Once the outcome of a decision is known, resulting(outcome bias) and hindsight bias causes us to mentally “chop off” branches that never happened. You should consider the counterfactuals – i.e. the outcomes that could have happened but didn’t. The counterfactuals will put the actual outcome into context.

Handling Biases: Make A Decision Tree

“Reasonable” is the key word here. You don’t have to try and account for every possibility. Some outcomes are so unlikely it’s not useful to include them in your decision process.These outcomes can be general scenarios or more focused on particular aspects that you care about. For example, if you’re hiring an employee and the most important thing to you is staff turnover, your possible outcomes could be whether they will leave in < 6 months, between 6-12 months, between 1-2 years, etc.

Steps to Make Better Decisions: Identify the Reasonable Set of Possible Outcomes

To what degree do you like or dislike each outcome, given your values? This is a personal question that can vary between individuals. The simplest way to do this is to list potential outcomes on the tree in order from most preferred to least.You should also think about the magnitude or size of each preference – i.e. how good or how bad is each outcome? If you don’t consider the size of the payoffs, you can’t figure out if going for a potential upside worth risking the potential downside. Size is easy to measure when the payoff is in money, but can be trickier if it’s in something else.

Identify Your Preference Using the Payoff for Each Outcome

It’s important to make an estimate, even if you’re unsureMost people are uncomfortable estimating the likelihood of something happening in the future because they don’t like being wrong. Since you don’t have perfect information, you can’t give an objectively perfect answer.Thinking there is only “right” and “wrong”, with nothing in between, is one of the biggest obstacles to good decision-making. You almost always know something that is relevant to assessing the probability, and something is better than nothing.

Estimate the Likelihood of Each Outcome Unfolding

One way to make higher quality decisions is to get more information – often from other people. If you’re using these ambiguous terms with other people, it’s harder to uncover disagreement (and disagreement can help you get relevant information). Precision uncovers disagreement. For example, say you think something has around a 30% chance of happening, and your friend thinks it has a 70% chance. If you tell them you think it has a 30% chance of happening, your disagreement is revealed immediately.

Use an Explicit Probability Rather than An Ambiguous Term

Once you’ve made an estimate of the likelihood of each outcome, it’s important to be clear about how uncertain your estimate is. A good way to do this is to offer a range alongside your estimate.The purpose of a range is to signal, to yourself and to others, how uncertain you are of your guess. By expressing your uncertainty, you are implicitly inviting others to offer up information that can help improve your estimate.

Use A Range

<ul><li>The inside view is the view of the world from inside of your own perspective, experiences and beliefs. When you make a decision based on your intuition or gut feel, that is taking the inside view.</li><li>In contrast, the outside view is what is actually true of the world, independent of your own perspective. It’s how someone else would view your situation.</li><li>You should combine the outside view with the inside view. The inside view may have information to suggest that your chances are better or worse than average. But the outside view is a useful reality check.</li></ul>

Combine the Inside View and The Outside View

<ul><li>Smart people are better at motivated reasoning – they are more able to interpret information to confirm their prior beliefs.</li><li>Smart people are better at constructing arguments that support their views, and convincing people around them.</li><li>Smart people also tend to have more confidence in their intuition or gut. Because of that overconfidence, smart people are less likely to seek feedback.</li></ul>

The Problem With Being Too Smart

Once you’ve combined probabilities with your preferences for each payoff/outcome, you will be able to evaluate and compare options more clearly.Consider the other options objectively.Compare the options to one another but do not rely on a pros and cons list.A pros and cons list is not really designed as a tool to help you compare choices, but rather as a tool to help you evaluate a single choice.

Assess the Relative Likelihood of Outcomes You Like and Dislike for The Option Under Consideration

Beliefs are contagious. If you tell others what you think when asking for feedback, their feedback is likely to mirror your own views. Keeping your views to yourself makes people more likely to tell you what they really think.Outcomes are also contagious. If you tell people what happened when asking for feedback, it can ruin their feedback because it makes outcome bias likely. You’ll get better feedback if you tell them only as much information as you had at the time you made your decision.

Getting Feedback

Make a checklist of details that someone would need to know in order to give you high-quality feedback and then give them those details. This is particularly useful for repeating decisions because you can think about it before considering an individual instance of a decision. It’s important to agree that people participating in the feedback process are accountable to the checklist. Otherwise, someone might assume that if details are emphasised, it’s because they’re important, or if detail is missing, it’s because it’s unimportant.

Checklists for Getting Feedback

Time is a limited resource. Therefore it is important to be able to distinguish when which decisions are worth spending more time on, and which ones are not.There is a trade-off between time and accuracy. Increasing the accuracy of a decision costs time, but saving time costs accuracy.Low impact decisions are a good opportunity to take risks and “poke at the world”, which can help you learn about the world and your own preferences.

Optimizing Decisions: The Time And Accuracy Tradeoff

Happiness is a good proxy for understanding the impact of a decision on achieving long-term goals.The test involves asking yourself if the outcome of the decision will likely have a significant effect on your happiness in a year, month or week. The shorter the time period for which your answer is “no”, the quicker you can make that decision (sacrificing accuracy).

Future Happiness: A Key Metric In Making Decisions

Freerolling describes a situation where there is an asymmetry between the upside and downside because the potential losses are insignificant. The limited downside means there is not much to lose – but potentially much to gain.Once you identify a freeroll opportunity, you don’t need to think much about whether to take that opportunity, but you may still want to take time with executing the decision.

Freerolls

Sometimes we have trouble deciding between two options that seem very close to each other in quality. These decisions are “sheep in wolf’s clothing”. Even if such decisions are high impact, the closeness is a signal that you can make the decision faster and worry less about accuracy. After all, the payoffs are similar. Reframe the decision by asking, “Whichever option I choose, how wrong can I be?”We live in a world of imperfect information so, when two options are very close in quality, it’s unlikely that you can work out which option is better even by taking more time.

Close Decisions

When you make a decision, you’re doing it with limited information. As things unfold, you may get new information. That new information reveals that another option is better.There are, of course, costs to quitting. Part of a good decision-making process involves factoring in the costs of quitting. The lower the cost of quitting, the faster you can make decisions because it makes it easier to change course partway through as you get more information. When the cost of quitting is low, that can also be an opportunity to experiment and learn more about the world or your own preferences.

Quitting

Maximising is trying to make the “optimal” decision. It involves examining every possible option and trying to make the perfect choice. Most people have maximising tendencies, but there’s no such thing as a “perfect” decision when information is imperfect.Satisficing is when you just choose the first satisfactory option available. The term is made up by combining the words “satisfy” and “suffice”.

Decision Making: Maximising Vs Satisficing

<ul><li>Negative thinking is important. Not so much thinking “I am going to fail”, but thinking “If I were to fail, how might that happen?” Imagining how you might fail doesn’t make failure more likely.</li><li>In fact, it's been shown that mental contrasting, where you imagine what you want to accomplish and confront the obstacles to achieving it, can help you achieve your goals.</li></ul>

How To Use Negative Thinking

Through a blend of compelling exercises, illustrations, and stories, the bestselling author of Thinking in Bets will train you to combat your own biases, address your weaknesses, and help you become a better and more confident decision-maker. What do you do when you're faced with a big decision? If you're like most people, you probably make a pro and con list, spend a lot of time obsessing about decisions that didn't work out, get caught in analysis paralysis, endlessly seek other people's opinions to find just that little bit of extra information that might make you sure, and finally go with your gut. What if there was a better way to make quality decisions so you can think clearly, feel more confident, second-guess yourself less, and ultimately be more decisive and be more productive? Making good decisions doesn't have to be a series of endless guesswork. Rather, it's a teachable skill that anyone can sharpen. In How to Decide, bestselling author Annie Duke and former professional poker player lays out a series of tools anyone can use to make better decisions. You'll learn: • To identify and dismantle hidden biases. • To extract the highest quality feedback from those whose advice you seek. • To more accurately identify the influence of luck in the outcome of your decisions. • When to decide fast, when to decide slow, and when to decide in advance. • To make decisions that more effectively help you to realize your goals and live your values. Through interactive exercises and engaging thought experiments, this book helps you analyze key decisions you've made in the past and troubleshoot those you're making in the future. Whether you're picking investments, evaluating a job offer, or trying to figure out your romantic life, How to Decide is the key to happier outcomes and fewer regrets.

problemsolving

Problem Solving

books

Books

leadershipandmanagement

Leadership & Management

Through a blend of compelling exercises, illustrations, and stories, the bestselling author of Thinking in Bets will train you to combat your own biases, address your weaknesses, and help you become a better and more confident decision-maker. What do you do when you're faced with a big decision? If you're like most people, you probably make a pro and con list, spend a lot of time obsessing about decisions that didn't work out, get caught in analysis paralysis, endlessly seek other people's opinions to find just that little bit of extra information that might make you sure, and finally go with your gut. What if there was a better way to make quality decisions so you can think clearly, feel more confident, second-guess yourself less, and ultimately be more decisive and be more productive? Making good decisions doesn't have to be a series of endless guesswork. Rather, it's a teachable skill that anyone can sharpen. In How to Decide, bestselling author Annie Duke and former professional poker player lays out a series of tools anyone can use to make better decisions. You'll learn:   •  To identify and dismantle hidden biases.   •  To extract the highest quality feedback from those whose advice you seek.   •  To more accurately identify the influence of luck in the outcome of your decisions.   •  When to decide fast, when to decide slow, and when to decide in advance.   •  To make decisions that more effectively help you to realize your goals and live your values. Through interactive exercises and engaging thought experiments, this book helps you analyze key decisions you've made in the past and troubleshoot those you're making in the future. Whether you're picking investments, evaluating a job offer, or trying to figure out your romantic life, How to Decide is the key to happier outcomes and fewer regrets.

Annie is the co-founder of The Alliance for Decision Education, a non-profit whose mission is to improve lives by empowering students through decision skills education. She is also a member of the National Board of After-School All-Stars and the Board of Directors of the Franklin Institute. In 2020, she joined the board of the Renew Democracy Initiative.

Annie Duke

How to Decide

Financial literacy - the ability to understand how money works in your life - is considered the secret to taking control of your financesMost of our decisions around money are emotional; no amount of nitty-gritty knowledge about interest rates will change that.

Spending Behaviours Are Driven by Emotions and Not Logic

We know we should spend less than we earn and save for the future, but many people find it really hard to do thatAn individual's relationship to money and the emotions it brings up starts when we're young.Exercise: Think about how money makes you feel.Document how you feel when you're shopping online,  sending digital cash to a friend for drinks, opening bills, or getting your paycheck.

The Way Money Makes Us Feel

<ul><li>Traditional wisdom in the world of personal finance dictates that no one should spend more than 30 percent of their income on housing.</li><li>However, in high-cost-of-living areas, spending 30 percent or less on housing is laughable</li><li>Not only are these budgeting categories outdated and unrealistic, they also don't make room for the reality that people want to enjoy life.</li></ul>

No Money To Enjoy Life

<ul><li>Self-compassion is about extending grace to yourself using three elements: self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness</li><li>Unlike personal finance advice that chides individuals for messing up, this helps folks be easier on themselves</li><li>To see how it works in practice, imagine you were late on a credit card bill. Take a deep breath and realize it's okay.</li></ul>

Practice Financial Self-Compassion

When we experience financial shame, it can make it hard to ask for help, learn about money, or take necessary steps to improve financial well-being.Four things that help alleviate shame: personal vulnerability, critical awareness, reaching out, and speaking shame.

Don’t Let Shame Stop You from Asking for Help

<ul><li>When you are working on creating a healthy relationship with money, don’t forget to pause and give yourself credit.</li><li>Research has found that the more frequently we experience a sense of progress, like a "small win," the more likely we are to continue that positive behaviour.</li><li>The more we celebrate those kinds of wins, the more it confirms that we can all be good with money.</li></ul>

Creating A Holistic Life Using Your Money

The emotional aspect of money is never discussed in financial planning.

A financial therapist on how emotion, not logic, drives most decision-making.

Discover the world of business and economics.

economics

Economics

moneyandinvestments

Money & Investments

Money is emotional — but personal finance advice rarely accounts for that

Dreading the future, or anticipatory fear, is quite common and can be quite debilitating in extreme cases. People struggle with anticipatory fear when they worry about the outcome of a future event they have never experienced before.It can also be linked to the intolerance of uncertainty which leads to indecisiveness and an increased likelihood of constant comparison. Thus, people tend to overthink the possible outcomes of their decisions.

Past negative experiences can make people feel worried that the same series of events will line up allowing the past to recreate itself.

Prior Painful Experiences

When the anticipatory fear is rooted in a past event or experience, it is often associated with dread, which can be physiologically intense and frequently associated with something ominous or traumatic in nature. Some form of trauma is often at the root of a dread response.

A study says that, if you're experiencing high levels of anticipatory fear, protective responses can lead to being unable to think clearly, being afraid to leave the house, or even being afraid of most social interactions.

Protective Responses

1. Practice Mindfulness Research has shown that mindfulness can improve emotion regulation, which is incredibly helpful in reducing stress.2. Repeat MantrasYou can repeat things like:<ul><li>I am safe</li><li>It's gonna be alright </li><li>All is well </li></ul>Saying things like this to yourself can be helpful as your search for a long-term solution.

Ways to Fight Anticipatory Fear

3. Exercise Exercising can help keep you in the present moment. This way you are forced to think about the task at hand rather than worry about the future.4. Keep a journal ﻿Keeping a journal can help you fight off hindsight bias, which is when you get caught up thinking that you had better control of past events.

Whether you have found yourself experiencing anticipatory fear as a result of past traumas or for another reason altogether, it is important to find a therapist who can help you. Specifically, it would be helpful to seek out a therapist who specializes in the treatment of anxiety, trauma, and PTSD.

5. Seeking a therapist 

It is completely normal to fear the future, but definitely take note if your fears are starting to take up a lot of your mental space. It's also important to notice if your actions are being impacted by your concerns. That said, hopefully, you can rest a little easier knowing that there are ways to get help and to move past these fears.

It happens to me..always! But it's normal, yeah. 🥲

If you the future and find yourself feeling fearful or anxious from those thoughts, you may have a fear of the future. Here are some tips to help you address your fears.

personaldevelopment

Personal Development

health

Health

mentalhealth

Mental Health

communication

Communication

Future Fears 

It is not just a book but a manual for happy worry-free life. All the chapter deals with real world application of ideas to tackle the worry. The tools are so easy to understand and use that one may actually turn himself from worrier to a warrior.

The Book

Live each day until bedtime. Don't carry tension from yesterday to tomorrow. Live in day-tight compartmentAsk yourself about the troubles you're facing<ul><li>What worst could happen if you can't solve it? </li><li>Prepare mentally for the worst case scenario</li><li>Calmly try to improve upon the worst</li></ul>Remind yourself what could happen to your health if you don't stop worrying.

Fundamental Facts You Should Know About Worry

<ol><li>Get the facts. Remember that half the worry in the world is caused by people trying to make decisions before they have sufficient knowledge on which to base a decision</li><li>After carefully weighing all facts, come to a decision</li><li>Once a decision is carefully reached, act! Get busy carrying out your decisions and dismiss all anxiety about the outcome</li><li>When you are tempted to worry about a problem, write out and answer the following questions:</li></ol><ul><li>What is the problem? </li><li>What is the cause of the problem? </li><li>What are all possible solutions? </li><li>What is the best solution? </li></ul>

Basic Technique In Analysing Worry

<ol><li>Crowd worry out of your mind by keeping busy. Plenty of action is one of the best therapies ever devised for curing "wibber gibbers"</li><li>Don't fuss about trifles. Don't permit little things-the mere termits of life- to ruin your happiness</li><li>Use the law of averages to outlaw your worries. Ask yourself: what are the odds against this thing's happening at all? </li></ol>

How To Break The Worry Habit Before It Breaks You

<ol><li>Co-operate with the inevitable. If you know a circumstance is beyond your power to change Or revise, say to yourself "It is so; it cannot be otherwise"</li><li>Put a stop-loss order on your worries. Decide just how much anxiety a thing may be worthand refuse to give it any more. </li><li>Let the past bury its dead. Don't saw sawdust. </li></ol>

Contd. 

<ol><li>Let's fill our minds with thoughts of peace, courage, health and hope, for 'our life is what our thoughts make it'</li><li>Let's never try to get even with our enemies, because if we do we will hurt ourselves far more than we hurt them. Let's do as General Eisenhower does: let's never waste a minute thinking about people we don't like. </li><li>Instead of worrying about ingratitude, let's expect it. Let's remember that Jesus healed ten lepers in one day and only one thanked Him. Why should we expect more gratitude than Jesus got? </li></ol>

Seven Ways To Cultivate A Mental Attitude That Will Bring You 

<ol><li>Let's remember that the only way to find happiness is not to expect gratitude but to give for the joy of giving</li><li>Let's remember that gratitude is a "cultivated" trait; so if we want our children to be grateful, we must train them to be grateful </li><li>Count your blessings, not your troubles</li><li>Let's not imitate others. Let's find ourselves and be ourselves, for envy is ignorance and imitation is suicide. </li><li>When fate hands us a lemon, let's try to make a lemonade</li><li>Let's forget our own happiness by trying to create a little happiness for others. When you are good to others, you are best to yourself. </li></ol>

<ol><li>Unjust criticism if often a disguised compliment. It often means that you have aroused jealousy and envy. Remember that no one ever kicks a dead dog. </li><li>Do the very best you can, and then put up your old umbrella and keep the rain of criticism from running down the back of your neck</li><li>Let's keep a record of the fool things we have done and criticise ourselves. Since we can't hope to be perfect, let's do what E. H. Little did: let's ask for unbiased, helpful, constructive criticism. </li></ol>

How To Keep From Worrying About Criticism

<ol><li>Rest before you get tired</li><li>Learn to relax at your work</li><li>If you are a housewife, protect your health and appearance by relaxing at home</li><li>Apply these four good working habits</li></ol><ul><li>Clear your desk of all papers except those relating to the immediate problem at hand</li><li>Do things in the order of their importance</li><li>When you face a problem, solve it then and there if you have the facts necessary to make a decision</li><li>Learn to organize, deputize and supervise. </li></ul>5. To prevent worry and fatigue, put enthusiasm into your work6. Remember, no one was ever killed by lack of sleep. It is worrying about insomnia that does the damage

Six Ways To Prevent Fatigue And Worry And Keep Your Energy  

Here I add the summaries of the book found in "in a nutshell" pages.

Learn how to break the worry habit -- Now and forever! With Dale Carnegie's timeless advice in hand, more than six million people have learned how to eliminate debilitating fear and worry from their lives and to embrace a worry-free future. In this classic work, How to Stop Worrying and Start Living, Carnegie offers a set of practical formulas that you can put to work today. It is a book packed with lessons that will last a lifetime and make that lifetime happier! DISCOVER HOW TO: Eliminate fifty percent of business worries immediately Reduce financial worries Avoid fatigue -- and keep looking young Add one hour a day to your waking life Find yourself and be yourself -- remember there is no one else on earth like you! Fascinating to read and easy to apply, How to Stop Worrying and Start Living deals with fundamental emotions and life-changing ideas. There's no need to live with worry and anxiety that keep you from enjoying a full, active life!

philosophy

Philosophy

mindfulness

Mindfulness

The book 'How to stop worrying &amp; start living' suggest many ways to conquer worry and lead a wonderful life.  The book mentions fundamental facts to know about worry and magic formula for solving worry-some situations.  Psychologists &amp; Doctors' view:  •	Worry can make even the most stolid person ill.  •	Worry may cause nervous breakdown.  •	Worry can even cause tooth decay  •	Worry is one of the factors for High Blood Pressure.  •	Worry makes you tense and nervous and affect the nerves of your stomach.  The book suggests basic techniques in analysing worry, step by step, in order to cope up with them.  A very interesting feature of the book is 'How to eliminate 50% of your business worries'.  The book offers 7 ways to cultivate a mental attitude that will bring you peace and happiness. Also, the golden rule for conquering worry, keeping your energy &amp; spirits high.  The book consists of some True Stories which will help the readers in conquering worry to lead you to success in life.  The book is full of similar incidences and narrations which will make our readers to understand the situation in an easy way and lead a happy life. A must read book for everyone.

Dale Carnegie was an American writer and lecturer, and the developer of courses in self-improvement, salesmanship, corporate training, public speaking, and interpersonal skills.

Dale Carnegie

How to Stop Worrying and Start Living

What we think we know is what we believe we know.

Psychologist, B.F. Skinner put a pigeon in a box and gave it food at regular intervals irrespective of what it was doing. He noticed that the pigeons believed that they were given food because of what they are doing; like hopping around etc.This behavior was called as 'superstitious belief' by Skinner.

Skinner box

Here, Michael made a room with checkerboard tiles on the floor and a button in the middle of the room kept at a table. He also made a money outlet (like the food outlet in original skinner box) from which 1 dollar bills would come out. The people (pigeons) were told that their aim is to collect as much bills as they can in 10 minutes. Michael sent them each bill after 30 seconds BUT people thought that they are causing the bills to come. For example, a woman thought that her opening and closing of the door led by pressing of the button was causing the bill to come.

Human Skinner Box

some people thought that dancing would urge the machine to give bills. A lady thought that pushing the button 4 times, then going out and coming in to the room was causing it, some made the producers laugh. But there was this one man who just stood there and didn't push the button at all, in fact, he resisted it. This thought of thinking that your actions are not affecting the money was called 'extinction' by Skinner. When he was asked about it in the interview, he said that he had thought that what would others not do. so he decided to do a different thing- do nothing.

Here they will be trying to feel the person that they have induced a spirit in them. That's why it's reverse exorcism.A clinic with dim lights with religious and scientific symbols here and there. People sat down on the bed, a doctor entered told that they will be facing reverse exorcism. A priest entered, holding Christ entered with his "ancient" book. They attached a brain-activity-checking machine to their head. The doctor, not the priest, started reading the things from the book like 'relax yourself, you may see a cut head or your mouth would start tweaking or fingers tinkling".

Reverse Exorcism

There was lady who said that she saw her deceased mother, she heard an angel say "Come, we can relieve you." She continued to watch wings. She could feel the winds and said that the dream was vivid.

Observation

<ul><li>We are belief-machines. We are patter seekers.</li><li>When confronted with uncertainty, people often behave superstitiously. Under the belief that they do have control.</li><li>To not form a superstition about the word around us makes us powerless.</li><li>Are we all fools?</li></ul>

Conclusions

How can a lie become true? In this episode, Dr. Aaron Blaisdell and I create a game show that is actually a giant “human Skinner Box” to observe the formation of superstitious beliefs. And Dr. Samuel Veissière helps me design and perform a placebo reverse exorcism, harnessing the power of belief in both science and religion to convince normal people that a spirit has possessed their bodies. Available with YouTube Premium - https://www.youtube.com/premium/originals. To see if Premium is available in your country, click here: https://goo.gl/A3HtfP

How can a lie become true? In this episode, Dr. Aaron Blaisdell and I create a game show that is actually a giant “human Skinner Box” to observe the formation of superstitious beliefs. And Dr. Samuel Veissière helps me design and perform a placebo reverse exorcism, harnessing the power of belief in both science and religion to convince normal people that a spirit has possessed their bodies.

Available with YouTube Premium - https://www.youtube.com/premium/originals. To see if Premium is available in your country, click here: https://goo.gl/A3HtfP

Our World is Amazing. 

Questions? Ideas? Tweet me: http://www.twitter.com/tweetsauce

Vsauce was created by Michael Stevens in the summer of 2010.

Vsauce is...

Michael Stevens: Producer/Host of Vsauce1
Kevin Lieber: Producer/Host of Vsauce2
Jake Roper: Producer/Host of Vsauce3
Eric Langlay: VFX for Vsauce1/2/3
You: Thanks for watching!!!

Vsauce

Behavior and Belief

<ul><li>You do not have to push through or ignore your human emotions to be resilient as a business owner.</li><li>Pushing is a choice, not a requirement. If you want to continue building your empire and creating your dream life despite a major (or minor) setback, pushing through is not the only way.</li><li>You become resilient when you focus on trusting yourself.</li><li>Prioritize your relationship with yourself, and watch in awe as you move forward and navigate the tough chapters of life with less doubt.</li><li>You can always count on yourself.</li></ul>

Reject the Idea that Resilient Means "Pushing Through"

<ul><li>Don't give up on your dreams early.</li><li>Try to find comfort in the unknown.</li><li>Encourage people to find more joy and purpose in their journey so they can stop seeking external validation.</li><li>You become resilient when you detach from external outcomes and find new ways to love the process</li><li>Your job isn't to know exactly how your next chapter will unfold, but to trust that it will in perfect timing.</li><li>Get clear on how you want your life (and business) to look when you come out the other side.</li></ul>

Working Without External Validation

What's the difference between someone who thrives regardless of external circumstances vs. someone who gets stuck and struggles to put one foot in front of the other? It starts with resilience ... but not in the traditional sense.

motivationandinspiration

Motivation & Inspiration

entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship

It's Time to Redefine What It Means to Be Resilient as an Entrepreneur

The label ‘pathological liar’ gets thrown around a lot, especially in the direction of politicians or celebrities. Although it isn't a formal psychiatric diagnosis, it is a recognised concept that psychologists and psychiatrists have been interested in for a long time, at least since 1891 when the German psychiatrist Anton Delbrueck coined the label ‘Pseudologia fantastica’ to describe several of his patients who told an astonishing amount of fantastical lies (other similar psychological terms include ‘deception syndrome’ and ‘mythomania’). So why do people do it?

Snake In A Suit

Worth noting is that while psychopaths and people with antisocial personality disorder can be inclined to excessive lying, most pathological liars are not psychopaths, nor do they necessarily have a personality disorder. Indeed, while psychopaths and people with an antisocial personality are typically manipulative and self-serving, pathological liars often lie for no apparent purpose.Another key feature of pathological lying, as opposed to being a common-or-garden compulsive liar, is that the lies are often particularly bizarre or far-fetched.

Spot The Fox

When it comes to coping with a pathological liar, it's perhaps worth remembering the likely cause of the person's tendency to tell so many far-fetched stories. While their behaviour might be irritating and even cause serious harm (especially when it comes to false allegations), if it's driven by a deep-seated insecurity, then you might be wise to see it as a call for help, and to resist the urge to confront the person too forcefully or without sympathy.

Dealing With A Pathological Liar

If the pathological liar in your life is someone you care about, perhaps you could help them find more productive ways to address their low self-esteem and anxiety, or even to come to terms with a difficult past, if that's relevant. Although research into effective treatments is largely lacking (partly because ‘pathological liar’ has yet to be recognised as a formal diagnosis), a sensible step could be to gently encourage the pathological liar you know to seek professional mental health support.

The Bottom Line

Rather than telling the occasional white lie, pathological liars habitually and regularly tell fibs, often painting themselves as a hero or a victim. Why?

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Love & Relationships

Reality Check: What drives pathological liars and how should you deal with them? | BBC Science Focus Magazine

One of the most easily recognised features of <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/basics/ocd">OCD</a> is the seemingly illogical actions people initiate while suffering from the condition. However, even though these rituals may seem illogical to the casual observer, our work has demonstrated that these rituals have an intelligible underlying logic of their own. It is also important to point out that successful treatment of OCD is based on being able to identify the underlying logic and use interventions based on the exact same logic.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder(OCD)

We can distinguish obsessive compulsions based on <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/basics/fear">fear</a> (such as hand washing enacted to prevent contamination) from those based on pleasure (such as <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/basics/compulsive-behaviors">compulsive shopping</a>, vomiting syndrome or pathological gambling).  Many such rituals are done in a specific sequence and others can be done to feel a certain way or to achieve a specific sensation. The logic underlying these rituals is important, because if the clinician doesn’t recognise the logic supporting the compulsion, they won’t be in a position to know what kind of intervention will be necessary to treat the problems effectively.

Rituals Based On Fear Or Pleasure

Rational and preventive rituals: These rituals are specific actions that arise from the patient’s belief that doing so can prevent a certain feared situation from happening.  Reparative rituals: The performance of these ritualised actions or thoughts hold the illusion of protection for the person from something that could have happened already. Propitiatory rituals: The performance of these rituals or thoughts (seemingly magical) appear to make something positive happen, or have the illusion of helping the patient avoid something negative.

A Strategic Description of Rituals

<ul><li>Avoidance of any anxiety provoking places, people or objects. This is essentially an attempted solution which feeds the problem.</li><li>A continual search for reassurance or help from family members, friends or partners, who can eventually become entangled in the pathological mechanisms.</li></ul>

Failed Attempts at a Solution

Family members are very often involved in these dysfunctional rituals or control. Patients who suffer from OCD can become more anxious and aggressive over time towards friends and family if they refuse to cooperate and this must be managed effectively so as to avoid worsening the situation. It is very important that others participate in the treatment to increase its effectiveness. It is important that family members step aside from this pathological and vicious circle and allow for the restoration of the patient’s responsibility for their problem.

Family and Friends

Rituals in OCD may seem irrational, but they have a unique logic of their own.

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Science & Nature

The Logic of Compulsions and Ritualized Behaviors

<ul><li>The is a new race of males called Nice Guys.</li><li>Nice guys finish last</li><li>Seeks approval of others</li><li>Only cares about others by compromising themselves.</li></ul>Myth: Nice guys always try to make others happy, then they will be happy and problem-free.But when this strategy doesn't work they become frustrated and disappointed.

The Nice Guy Syndrome

Nice guys are anything but nice.

Nice guys track all the help they did.Psychologically they subconsciously expect the same effort in return as they did.High-value people don't expect in return.

Stop Tracking Your Good Deeds

If you always behave nicely with everyone then people start taking unfair advantage of you.They think however they behave, no matter what, you'll behave nicely.Have a higher standard for how people treat you.Don't let others disrespect you.

Have Higher Standards

Prioritizing yourself in the first position doesn't mean you are selfish.

Nice guys speak indirectly to put their points or decision because they are feared of rejection.Speak what you want to speak, not everybody needs to agree with you. And that's fine.

Speak With Conviction

Nice guys think if they agree with everyone's viewpoint it will make them more likable.Talk about how you think about something no matter if it is not according to the others. You must have your own opinions.

Stop Agreeing So Much

These are a few traits that make you miserable because after a certain point people will start taking advantage of you and at that moment you'll have to draw a line and prioritize yourself over everyone else.

Debunks the "nice guy syndrome," the need to please others at one's own expense with the hope of receiving happiness, love, and fulfillment, and offers advice for how to rediscover oneself, revive one's sex life, and build better relationships with others.

No More Mr. Nice Guy!

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