Are you giving your dog the exact same food day after day after day? It can not only lead to boredom but also limit the spectrum of nutrients and even increase their risk of food sensitivities. Rotational feeding is switching up your pup’s menu on a regular basis to broaden their palate and incorporate more nutrients into their diet. It’s easy to start doing but should be done safely.

Rotational Feeding For Fussy Dogs

Keeps your dog excited Dogs often become <a href="https://pets.webmd.com/dogs/ss/slideshow-dog-picky-eater">fussy about their food</a> when they get bored with it.Boredom can also make them eat non-food items like dirt or garbage, which could be dangerous. Switching up your puppy’s food keeps them open to new foods and makes mealtimes more exciting.

Benefits Of Rotational Feeding 

There are a plethora of microorganisms in your little furball’s gut that are helping him digest his food properly. So, when you change up your pet’s diet and include different types of foods containing fiber and probiotics, you increase their longevity.

Diversifies the gut bacteria 

Rotational feeding means your fur baby will be able to take in a wide range of nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and antioxidants. Moreover, a varied diet reduces the risk of your dog developing food sensitivities later in life.

Allows nutritional variety  

For our dog Abby, we switch between chicken and eggs on a regular basis. We do two boiled eggs in her dinner for two days and then a palmful of chicken for the next two days. This goes on for six days of the week, and then we skip the protein altogether on Sunday to give her tummy a little break.

Change Their Protein Sources 

Going completely grain-free is never advised unless your dog is allergic to grains. We switch between red rice, white rice, and ragi flour for a grain-inclusive meal. We do boiled veggies and yogurt for a grain-free meal.

Alternating between grain-inclusive and grain-free 

We keep things interesting for our dog by providing an assortment of different textures at mealtime. We give her dry kibble 1-2 times a week and home-cooked food the rest of the days. When we <a href="https://thedailyreport.in/2022/01/13/road-tripping-with-your-dog-heres-how-to-prepare-for-it-like-a-pro/">travel with our dog </a>, we keep different types of dry food for uncertain times.

Alternating between dry and wet foods   

Here is a general timetable to transition your dog’s diet:  <ul><li>Day 1: Replace 25% of the old food with the new food. (Ex. – Swap only the protein) </li><li>Day 3: Replace 50% of the old food with the new food. (Ex. – Swap the grain for veggies) </li><li>Day 5: Replace 75% of the old food with the new food. (Ex. – Bring in new protein and new grain) </li><li>Day 7: Fully transition 100% of the old food to the new food.  </li> </ul>

How To Do It?

I'm a dog mother and love to share ideas on how to keep your pooch healthy & happy

when you change up your pet's diet and include different types of foods containing fiber and probiotics, you increase their longevity. 

scienceandnature

Science & Nature

Your dog fussing about food too much? Try rotational feeding! - The Daily Report

A scanned object, or building in some cases is not a digital twin, it’s a digital representation and static. It serves a purpose by populating the space and depending on the level of the scan will only be the exterior facing, or it will include the interior structure allowing you to fully traverse through it.

IOT & Metaverse

Pulling a digital twin into the metaverse not only allows you to recreate it in full with live data, you can place it into the rest of the rendered world where live data also is fed — meaning it will operate or behave exactly how it would in the real world. Want to model how a car’s characteristics would behave with the same conditions that are taking place right now (weather, population, other vehicles on the road) then you can in the metaverse.

Digital Twin & Metaverse

“The metaverse is this digital world that lives alongside our physical one and allows us to live, work and play alongside each other. And digital twins are the foundations that the metaverse will be built on.”

What is Metaverse?

Some time ago I wrote a piece on Forbes about the Internet of Things together with Artificial Intelligence and how they would be inseparable. It’s maybe time to revisit that in the scope of the…

crypto

Cryptocurrency

technologyandthefuture

Technology & The Future

artificialintelligence

Artificial Intelligence

Digital Twins, IOT and the Metaverse

You are going through some non external problems which you think all day. You constantly worry about it all day. It has been days, month and years, You pray to god always to help you, but you see no signs of that. But you continue worrying so much you have forgotten how it felt before.

How Would You Behave If God Eliminated Your Problem Next Day

For a minute close your eyes and think about how would you behave the next day when god blesses and solves your problem.After a long time god finally agreed to eliminate your problem(non external). The next day you would not have any idea of your problem. The thoughts about your problem would have completly forgotten. That would mean you would not have any thoughts about it. No thoughts would mean no sentences and words used to construct the sentence. Can you feel how would it feel tomorrow right now

Think.

How about not using those words and sentences which has become your daily talks. How about completly banning those sentences and words. How would the thought be created without using those sentences and words. With no thoughts about it whole day how would you remember the problem( non external), if you do not remember the problem today and continue daily where will it go

What If You Try Today Even Before God Blesses You.

Non external problems are increased multifold just by thinking about it again and again in the forms of thoughts.In neuroscience, its "use it or loose it", more you use it more the pathways are strengthened. You cannot supress the thoughts directly, but you can ban the words and sentences you use to create those thoughts, closely observe and not down the common words you use thats related to you problems. With practicing these with discipline you would notice the decreased intensity just after few days.

Be Careful Thinking About Your Problems.

personaldevelopment

Personal Development

What if god helped you.

Have you ever wondered how our body can recover from almost every disease in existence? Granted we do have the largest medical library in existence, but most drugs help/assist in our recovery.An analogy would be how tanks could change the fate of a war, but they'd be irrelevant if there weren't any soldiers to man them.In order to combat a disease, our immune system need to know it's weaknesses before it can multiply enough in our body to kill us.That'd be equivalent to you unearthing a complex bomb in your garden, and you defusing it before it's timer of 2 seconds runs out.

Elegance Of The Immune System

A bacterium inside you can multiple and mutate over generations in the time it takes for you to finish a cup of warm tea for that sore throat.So how do you counter a weapon that itself adapts multiple times?That's where our Adaptive Immune System comes in. It has a weapon for every single enemy that has existed, exists and will ever exist

So How Does The Immune System Do It?

For every possible antigen that is possible in the universe, you have the potential to recognize it inside you right now

In order to create such a vast library of solutions for every possible disease that could exist, your immune system does something extraordinarily brute force yet elegant.It has a small number of gene fragments , each granting the cell the ability to identify a specific type of protein that could show up on a bacterium/virus.The immune system then mixes and matches these gene fragments randomly. Basically shuffling the deck over and over again.Once that's done, it's then taken to the Thymus , where the cell created is tested to make sure it cannot harm any of your own cells.

How Can It Do That? 

Since your immune system creates an infinite amount of cells, it also creates cells that can kill your own cells. Your thymus is crucial for identifying identification.Your thymus contains a sample of every possible cell in your body, and the immune system tests its weapons there to make sure they don't react to any bodily cell. A small University where your immune cells either pass with flying colors, or get killed.Pretty grim if you ask me, but essential to our continued existence. And there you have the largest, self assembling library that will ever exist. An all powerful system, that lets <warningtag>us exist</warningtag>

The Thymus

In awe of how amazingly complex our immune system is, and how it functions on a cellular level.

NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • A gorgeously illustrated deep dive into the immune system that will forever change how you think about your body, from the creator of the popular science YouTube channel Kurzgesagt—In a Nutshell “Through wonderful analogies and a genius for clarifying complex ideas, Immune is a truly brilliant introduction to the human body’s vast system for fighting infections and other threats.”—John Green, #1 New York Times bestselling author of The Fault in Our Stars You wake up and feel a tickle in your throat. Your head hurts. You’re mildly annoyed as you get the kids ready for school and dress for work yourself. Meanwhile, an epic war is being fought, just below your skin. Millions are fighting and dying for you to be able to complain as you head out the door. But most of us never really stop to ask: What even is our immune system? Second only to the human brain in its complexity, it is one of the oldest and most critical facets of life on Earth. Without it, you would die within days. In Immune, Philipp Dettmer, the brains behind the most popular science channel on YouTube, takes readers on a journey through the fortress of the human body and its defenses. There is a constant battle of staggering scale raging within us, full of stories of invasion, strategy, defeat, and noble self-sacrifice. In fact, in the time you’ve been reading this, your immune system has probably identified and eradicated a cancer cell that started to grow in your body. Each chapter delves into an element of the immune system, including defenses like antibodies and inflammation as well as threats like bacteria, allergies, and cancer, as Dettmer reveals why boosting your immune system is actually nonsense, how parasites sneak their way past your body’s defenses, how viruses work, and what goes on in your wounds when you cut yourself. Enlivened by engaging full-color graphics and immersive descriptions, Immune turns one of the most intricate, interconnected, and confusing subjects—immunology—into a gripping adventure through an astonishing alien landscape. Immune is a vital and remarkably fun crash course in what is arguably, and increasingly, the most important system in the body.

health

Health

books

Books

NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • A gorgeously illustrated deep dive into the immune system that will forever change how you think about your body, from the creator of the popular science YouTube channel Kurzgesagt—In a Nutshell   “Through wonderful analogies and a genius for clarifying complex ideas, Immune is a truly brilliant introduction to the human body’s vast system for fighting infections and other threats.”—John Green, #1 New York Times bestselling author of The Fault in Our Stars You wake up and feel a tickle in your throat. Your head hurts. You’re mildly annoyed as you get the kids ready for school and dress for work yourself. Meanwhile, an epic war is being fought, just below your skin. Millions are fighting and dying for you to be able to complain as you head out the door.    But most of us never really stop to ask: What even is our immune system? Second only to the human brain in its complexity, it is one of the oldest and most critical facets of life on Earth. Without it, you would die within days. In Immune, Philipp Dettmer, the brains behind the most popular science channel on YouTube, takes readers on a journey through the fortress of the human body and its defenses. There is a constant battle of staggering scale raging within us, full of stories of invasion, strategy, defeat, and noble self-sacrifice. In fact, in the time you’ve been reading this, your immune system has probably identified and eradicated a cancer cell that started to grow in your body. Each chapter delves into an element of the immune system, including defenses like antibodies and inflammation as well as threats like bacteria, allergies, and cancer, as Dettmer reveals why boosting your immune system is actually nonsense, how parasites sneak their way past your body’s defenses, how viruses work, and what goes on in your wounds when you cut yourself. Enlivened by engaging full-color graphics and immersive descriptions, Immune turns one of the most intricate, interconnected, and confusing subjects—immunology—into a gripping adventure through an astonishing alien landscape. Immune is a vital and remarkably fun crash course in what is arguably, and increasingly, the most important system in the body.

Philipp Dettmer

Immune

Emotions are conceptsConsider your brain for a moment. It’s sitting there in your skull, receiving all sorts of data from your eyes, ears, nose, skin, and mouth. This data is informative, but also ambiguous. It has to be interpreted.For example, it might think:What is that rectangular source of light with changing patterns of color? A window!<ol><li>Emotions are not hard-wired</li><li>Emotions are predictions</li><li>Although emotions are generated from within, they don’t stop there. We use emotions to construct our social reality.</li><li> There are no universal emotions across nations.</li><li>Emotions are not reactions to the world </li></ol>

We Create our Own Emotions 

Our brain uses concepts of emotions to create social reality, ain't that amazing?  

This post now available in German. The Theory of Constructed Emotion offers a radical new take on what emotions are, where they come from, and how they

Understand yourself and those around you.

psychology

Psychology

How Emotions Are Made: The Theory of Constructed Emotion - Forte Labs

NASA conducted a study to assess the biological effects that long term space exploration can have on humans. The study was done on a pair of twin astronauts, one on earth as a control and the other after a 1 year long space mission.

NASA's Study on long term space missions

To study the influence of microgravity, radiation and confinement in long-duration spaceflight, NASA selected twins Scott and Mark Kelly for a unique mission. Scott went to space while Mark was chosen as the control to stay on earth for comparison.The one year long space mission spanned across March 27, 2015 till March 1, 2016.Although, biological changes were seen across varying aspects, most of them reverted back to preflight state after a few months.

Introduction

Telomeres, are the “caps” that protect the ends of DNA strands. On Earth, these telomeres get depleted over the course of a person’s lifetime as each round of DNA replication wears away at them.However, in space, the findings were contradictory to what the scientists were expecting. They assumed that due to the immense stress on the body, these telomeres would shorten. But, on the contrary, they had increased in length considerably.But, a critically large amount of telomeres were lost during the body's return back to normal on earth, which is a cause for concern.

The Question of Aging.

Under stressful situations, normally, there is a change in genetic expression. Accordingly there were changes, but, the unexpected finding was that, these changes in gene expressions, seemed to have accelerated(6 times more) during the latter 6 months of the mission.This is concerning, because for extended space missions, this could imply that genetic expression could alter exponentially leading to severe consequences. Upon returning, about 90% of these altered genetic expressions returned back to preflight states.

Gene expression in space

A decline in cognitive efficiency was reported.NASA had prepared a set of questions to assess various mental state and cognition.Upon return, even though Scott’s in-flight measures were stable, his “cognitive efficiency,” or his speed and accuracy in completing the test battery, dropped once he got back to Earth. The decrease lingered over the six months after his return, till it reverted back.This is a complication due to the obvious complexity of a space mission, which would require a pretty good cognitive state.

Mental state

His gut microbiome showed altered bacterial proportions, although the overall bacterial diversity was intact.Several proteins also changed during the spaceflight. <ul><li>Elevated levels of collagen, a structural protein was seen in his urine. Looking at this measure along with physiological changes—like those observed in Scott’s eyeballs and vascular system—could be a sign that the body was restructuring.</li><li>Researchers also observed heightened levels of aquaporin 2, a protein that tends to be a marker of dehydration.</li></ul>

The space explorer's body

This study was in no way conclusive or predictive, because of the very small sample size(just one pair of twins), a short study period, just to name a couple of reasons.However, it has given an idea of potential changes to be expected and a foundation for upcoming research in the field of prolonged deep space exploration.

Conclusion

Deep space exploration is something which scientists have been aiming for, for a long time. However, among many other technical limitations and complications, biological limitations are also a factor.

Wide-ranging research compares astronaut Scott Kelly to his earthbound twin brother, Mark

space

Space

NASA's Study of Astronaut Twins Creates a Portrait of What a Year in Space Does to the Human Body

Some scientists think quantum mechanics can help explain human decision-making.The same fundamental platform that allows Schrödinger's cat to be both alive and dead, and also means two particles can "speak to each other" even across a galaxy's distance, could help to explain perhaps the most mysterious phenomena: human behaviorBoth disciplines attempt to predict how unruly systems might behave in the future. The difference is that one field aims to understand the fundamental nature of physical particles, while the other attempts to explain human nature — along with its inherent fallacies.

Can Quantum Help Explain In "Human" Decision-making ?

"Cognitive scientists found that there are many 'irrational'human behaviors,"Xiaochu Zhang, a biophysicist and neuroscientist at the University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei, told that Classical theories of decision-making attempt to predict what choice a person will make given certain parameters,but fallible humans don't always behave as expected. Recent research suggests that these lapses in logic"can be well explained by quantum probability theory,"Zhang said.The study is "the first to support the idea of quantum cognition at the neural level," Zhang said.

Quantum Probability Theory Can

Quantum mechanics describes the behavior of the tiny particles that make up all matter in the universe, namely <a href="https://www.livescience.com/37206-atom-definition.html">atoms </a>and their subatomic components. One central tenet of the theory suggests a great deal of uncertainty in this world of the very small, something not seen at larger scales. For instance, in the big world, one can know where a train is on its route and how fast it's traveling, and given this data, one could predict when that train should arrive at the next station.

Uncertainty

and your predictive power disappears — you can't know the exact location and momentum of a given electron, but you could calculate the probability that the particle may appear in a certain spot, traveling at a particular rate. In this way, you could gain a hazy idea of what the electron might be up to. Just as uncertainty pervades the subatomic world, it also seeps into our decision-making process, whether we're debating which new series to binge-watch or casting our vote in a presidential election.

Unlike classical theories of decision-making, the quantum world makes room for a certain degree of uncertainty. Classical psychology theories rest on the idea that people make decisions in order to maximize "rewards" and minimize "punishments" — in other words, to ensure their actions result in more positive outcomes than negative consequences.

falls in line with Pavlonian conditioning, wherein people learn to predict the consequences of their actions based on past experiences, according to a 2009 report in the Journal of Mathematical Psychology .If truly constrained by this framework, humans would consistently weigh the objective values of two options before choosing between them. But in reality, people don't always work that way; their subjective feelings about a situation undermine their ability to make objective decisions.

Consider an example:Imagine you're placing bets on whether a tossed coin will land on heads or tails. Heads gets you $200, tails costs you $100, and you can choose to toss the coin twice. When placed in this scenario, most people choose to take the bet twice regardless of whether the initial throw results in a win or a loss, according to a study published in 1992 in the journal <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/001002859290015T">Cognitive Psychology </a>. Presumably, winners bet a second time because they stand to gain money no matter what, while losers bet in attempt to recover their losses, and then some.

Heads and tails (at the same time)

However, if players aren't allowed to know the result of the first coin flip, they rarely make the second gamble. When known, the first flip does not sway the choice that follows, but when unknown, it makes all the difference. This paradox does not fit within the framework of classical reinforcement learning, which predicts that the objective choice should always be the same. In contrast, quantum mechanics takes uncertainty into account and actually predicts this odd outcome.

Paradox:

"One could say that the 'quantum-based' model of decision-making refers essentially to the use of quantum probability in the area of cognition," Emmanuel Haven and Andrei Khrennikov, co-authors of the textbook "Quantum Social Science" (Cambridge University Press, 2013),said.Just as a particular electron might be here or there at a given moment, quantum mechanics assumes that the first coin toss resulted in both a win and a loss, simultaneously. (In other words, in the famous thought experiment, Schrödinger's cat is both alive and dead.)

....

an individual's final choice is unknown and unpredictable. Quantum mechanics also acknowledges that people's beliefs about the outcome of a given decision — whether it will be good or bad — often reflect what their final choice ends up being. In this way, people's beliefs interact, or become "<a href="https://www.livescience.com/28550-how-quantum-entanglement-works-infographic.html">entangled </a>," with their eventual action. Subatomic particles can likewise become entangled and influence each other's behavior even when separated by great distances.

the behavior of a particle located in Japan would alter the behavior of its entangled partner in the United States. In psychology, a similar analogy can be drawn between beliefs and behaviors. "It is precisely this interaction," or state of entanglement, "which influences the measurement outcome," Haven and Khrennikov said. The measurement outcome, in this case, refers to the final choice an individual makes. "This can be precisely formulated with the aid of quantum probability."

Analogy Betw÷en Beliefs And Behaviours

Scientists can mathematically model this entangled state of superposition — in which two particles affect each other even if they’re separated by a large distance — as demonstrated in a 2007 report published by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence . And remarkably, the final formula accurately predicts the paradoxical outcome of the coin toss paradigm. "The lapse in logic can be better explained by using the quantum-based approach," Haven and Khrennikov noted.

In their new study, Zhang and his colleagues pitted 2 quantum-based models of decision-making against 12classical psychology models to see which best predicted human behavior during a psychological task.The experiment, known as the <a href="https://blog.allpsych.com/the-iowa-gambling-task-and-risky-decision-making/">Iowa Gambling Task </a>,is designed to evaluate people's ability to learn from mistakes and adjust their decisionmaking strategy over time. In the task,participants draw from four decks of cards. Each card either earns the player money or costs them money,and the object of the game is to earn as much money as possible.The catch lies in how each deck of cards is stacked.

Betting on quantum

Drawing from one deck may earn a player large sums of money in the short term, but it will cost them far more cash by the end of the game. Other decks deliver smaller sums of money in the short-term, but fewer penalties overall. Through game play, winners learn to mostly draw from the "slow and steady" decks, while losers draw from the decks that earn them quick cash and steep penalties. Historically, those with drug addictions or brain damage perform worse on the Iowa Gambling Task than healthy participants, which suggests that their condition somehow impairs decision-making abilities,

as highlighted in a study published in 2014 in the journal Applied Neuropsychology: Child . This pattern held true in Zhang's experiment, which included about 60 healthy participants and 40 who were addicted to nicotine. The two quantum models made similar predictions to the most accurate among the classical models, the authors noted. "Although the [quantum] models did not overwhelmingly outperform the [classical] ... one should be aware that the [quantum reinforcement learning] framework is still in its infancy and undoubtedly deserves additional studies," they added.

To bolster the value of their study, the team took brain scans of each participant as they completed the Iowa Gambling Task. In doing so, the authors attempted to peek at what was happening inside the brain as participants learned and adjusted their game-play strategy over time. Outputs generated by the quantum model predicted how this learning process would unfold, and thus, the authors theorized that hotspots of brain activity might somehow correlate with the models' predictions.

.....

a number of active brain areas in the healthy participants during game play, including activation of several large folds within the frontal lobe known to be involved in decision-making. In the smoking group, however, no hotspots of brain activity seemed tied to predictions made by the quantum model. As the model reflects participants' ability to learn from mistakes, the results may illustrate decision-making impairments in the smoking group, the authors noted.

However, "further research is warranted" to determine what these brain activity differences truly reflect in smokers and non-smokers, they added. "The coupling of the quantum-like models with neurophysiological processes in the brain ... is a very complex problem," Haven and Khrennikov said. "This study is of great importance as the first step towards its solution."       Models of classical reinforcement learning have shown "great success" in studies of emotion, psychiatric disorders, social behavior, free will and many other cognitive functions, Zhang said.

First Step Towards Solution 

"We hope that quantum reinforcement learning will also shed light on [these fields], providing unique insights." In time, perhaps quantum mechanics will help explain pervasive flaws in human logic, as well as how that fallibility manifests at the level of individual neurons.

Let's Convert Hope To Trust

Some scientists think quantum mechanics can help explain human decision-making.

problemsolving

Problem Solving

communication

Communication

What is quantum cognition? Physics theory could predict human behavior.

The above sentence is a powerful sentence that can have a great impact on your life. How often is it that everybody does self talk and fill the above blank with negative words. I am a kind of person who is not confident. I am a kind of person who does not have courage.

"I am a kind of person who ____"

Think what thoughts are made up of, words.Thoughts are made up of words and sentences or in other way, the sentences you use are your thoughts. When you keep saying the above sentence in a negative way, neural pathway strengthens which makes your subconious mind believe and reinforce what you are saying. Think of it like everytime you tell that sentence in mind, you are feeding the neural pathway .The more you say the more it strengthens. Less you say, more it weakens.

Thoughts  = Sentences Power Of Words

Its a choice now! You decide you want to reinforce the negative sentences and strengthen it . Subconsious mind gives you more proof of what you have told it. If you have made your subconious mind believe in above sentence, more you will find and more the focus will be next time when you are in the similar situation.Its a loop.

You Decide You Want More Or Less Of It.

mentalhealth

Mental Health

I am a kind of person who ____

The ability for an organ to take photons from the outsight world, focus them, and then convert them into electrical signals is pure awesomeness! But what’s even more awesome is the organ behind your eyeballs — the brain!The brain is able to take those electrical signals, convert them into images, and then figure out things like, who that person is across the street or what those funny symbols mean. It’s a miracle that we’re able to see, but an even greater miracle is our ablity to grant that gift to machines . One way to do it is through Machine Learning.

Sight. One of nature’s finest gifts.

Let’s do a quick run through of how a machine could see. First let’s take the MNIST Dataset, a dataset of digits from 0 to 9: Each digit is a 28 x 28 image, meaning there’s a total of 784 pixels in the whole image. We take our image and flatten it (instead of 28 x 28, we turn the shape into 784 x 1). We pop this guy into our neural network and on the other side we end up with our prediction !

A Machine That Sees

Turns out this simple neural network is able to achieve an <a href="http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/publis/pdf/lecun-98.pdf">88% accuracy </a>! That’s pretty impressive, considering that it’s just a bunch of linear layers and activations. But let’s try something even better…

CNNs are actually able to achieve pretty insane results — <a href="https://github.com/Coderx7/SimpleNet">99.75% accuracy </a>! The reason why CNNs’ incredible power is due to it’s ability to look at the surrounding pixels and based off of that, extract features and information from that patch of pixels. Normal NNs can’t do that, so they’re a bit less powerful.CNNs look like this:The 3 main parts of a CNN areConvolutional Layers : These are the layers which have kernels, they're really good at extracting features from the image and passing it on

CNNs

Max Pooling Layers : These layers reduce the feature map (the size of the features), reduce the computational resources needed and prevents overfittingFully Connected Layers : They appear at the end of the CNN, they’re just linear layers which takes the results of the CNN as inputs and outputs the lable That’s the architecture, but the really amazing part of a CNN are it’s kernels inside it’s convolutional layers! These kernels are only matrixes (basically a bunch of numbers sorted in a box), but they’re able to extract tons of features about the image.

By the first layer the kernels can start telling which images have verticle lines, horizontal lines and different colors. By layer 2 you can put those features together and form more comple shapes like corners or circles.Layer 3 becomes even cooler! Repeating patterns, car wheels and even humans.And as you stack your convolutions more and more you get more and more complex features — that’s insane becuase CNNs are able to extract those meta structures of the image.

A Bit Detailing

By extracting those features you can put them in a neural network and classify your image! But as cool as that sounds, there are 2 Achilles heels: <ol><li>When input dimensions increase exponentially, the time it takes to run the CNN also becomes exponential . An example of a problem like that would be when you’re modeling quantum systems to classical computers, the input space grows exponentially</li><li>As you increase the kernel size, the time it takes to run the CNN becomes exponential </li></ol>But Quantum’s here to the rescue!

To tackle the first problem, we could just let qubits represent the quantum system! Introducing: Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks . This is a neural network that literally replicates the whole CNN architecture. C onvolutional layers and max pooling are all translated to the quantum realm! The architecture itself looks like this:

Quantum Convoluional Neural Networks

1.Convolutional layers : Instead of kernals, you have gates that are applied to the qubits adjacent to it2.Pooling Layers : Where you just measure half of the qubits and kick out the rest3.Fully Connected Layer: Just like the normal oneIf you’re a super quantum nerd you might have noticed that this architechture might have some resemblence to a reverse MERA (Multi-scale Entanglement Renormalization Ansatz).A normal MERA takes 1 qubit and then exponentially increases the number of qubits by introducing new qubits into the circuit.But in the reverse MERA, we’re doing the

And it has the familar parts of your classical CNN:

opposite by exponentially decreasing the number of qubits.The bottleneck here is the range of possible qubits which the reversed MERA can reach.In other words, the QCNN might not be able to produce the labels. But we can overcome this by implementing Quantum Error Correction(QEC),the thing you see in the red box in the diagram.This architecture works super well with problems that require a small input size,since our current quantum computers can’t hold that many qubits.But what if we wanted to use QCNN’s for image classifiction or other problems that need more input space?

Reverse MERA And  QEC

A Quanvolutional Neural Network (QNN) is basically a CNN but with quanvolutional layers (much like how CNN’s have convolutioanl layers). A Quanvolutional layer acts and behaves just like a convolutional layer! Much like a normal convolutional layer, we take a subset of the image, pass it through our kernal , and then it outputs a part of the new image. We do this over and over again until we reach the linear layer, which classify’s the image. Since it acts so much like a normal Convolutional layer, you could literally use both a QNN and a CNN together in the same model!

Quanvolutional Neural Networks

<ul><li>Noise Resistant : With Quantum Error Correction, along with it’s quantum nature, QNNs are resistant to constant noise. In current quatnum computers, there’s always a constant noise / error that occurs in quantum gates, but QNNs overcome it </li><li>Better Results : In <a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2102.06535v1.pdf">this paper </a>, researchers use QNNs to diagnose Covid just from chest X-rays! They obtained a 98% accuracy, 2% better than standard CNNs! </li><li>Faster Training Time : Classical CNNs have O(n²) time, where n is the kernal size. QNNs have O(log(n)) time! That’s an insane speedup! </li> </ul>

Advantages

<ul><li>Many Executions Needed: Since we have to stamp the kernal all over the image, and do this to the potential of thousands of images, you’re going to have to run run the quantum circuit a lot. Current quantum computers aren’t able to handle that many executions</li><li>Difficult to optimize : Inside QNNs there are things call encoding protocals . These protocals are very difficult to optimize. Researchers don’t know which protocols are good, useless or even counter productive!</li></ul>

Disadvantages

These new Quantum Machine Learning algorithms are but a testament to what there is to come. Even though quantum computers are at it’s infancy, we have already seen these new QML algorithms which are already outperforming our old ones!Many of our existing ML algorithms could be translated into QML algorithms, allowing them take avantage of new properties like entanglement, superpostion and insane parallel computing! It’s only a matter of time before these algorithms are changing the world!

The World Is Changing 

The ability for an organ to take photons from the outsight world, focus them, and then convert them into electrical signals is pure awesomeness! But what’s even more awesome is the organ behind your…

Quantum Eyes

The lunar zodiac (shēngxiào meaning “born resembling”) is consists of 12 animals. An animal and its attributes are assigned to each year in a repeating 12- cycle based on the lunar calendar. Not only is the Chinese zodiac used to predict one’s fortune, its also believed to give an insight into one’s personality. While other factors come into play when it comes to one’s personality, the Chinese zodiac sign is a fairly used social indicator. So what are the different stereotypes associated with each animal in the Chinese zodiac and more importantly <a href="https://www.jobstreet.com.sg/career-resources/5-simple-ways-build-rapport-team-contrasting-personalities/">how do you deal with them</a>?

The Lunar Zodiac

While it might be fun to associate your colleagues and acquaintainces with their different animal guardians, remember that stereotypes are just that-- Stereotypes. Nothing more. I was born in the year of the Rat but I don't act like the wise old Rat all the time and Ox may not act like an Ox. At the end of the day, judge your colleagues and acquaintances by their actions, not by the zodiac animal their year of birth assigned with.

Disclaimer: 

The popular version of the legend tells that in the race organized by the Jade emperor to select the 12 animal guardians,the rat hitched a ride on the ox's head and leapt forward just as they were about to cross the finish line,winning the race and ultimately becoming the first in the order.Those born in the year of the Rat are clever,resourceful,curious,ambitious and can get along with just about anyone.How to get along with them:They love to comment on most affair so listen to them first.Dont be forceful when giving advice,they won't listen.They're suspicious so be sincere and honest w/ them

Year Of The Rat

Second in the Chinese zodiac, the Ox is patient, diligent and hardworking. However, they are famously known for being bull-headed and immovable.How to get along with them: when it comes to arguements, there's just no winning against them. Take it slow and see things from their perspective. Perhaps they have a point and that is why they stand by it so strongly.Approach with lots of tact when attempting to make friends with them. Oxen incline to be show offs, so never steal their thunder in public occasions.

Year Of The Ox

Powerful and driven, the Tiger makes a good leader. Once they sink their claws into something, they will see it through to the end.How to get along with them: Don’t be intimidated by the fierce Tiger. They're talkative, so be a patient listener first. They are also quite confident and proud, so do not point out their flaws in public. Avoid stealing their thunders too.Otherwise, they will hold a grudge and take revenge. They like to win and they always take on a dominant role in decision making so when suggesting an idea use a tactful but convincing approach.

Year Of The Tiger

A sensitive soul.Quiet and peaceful environments suit them best,competitive and aggressive environments may stress them out.They're a bamorous and can develop feeling for 2 people at the same time.People in any relationship with them should not try to control them,that would only push them away.They're not good at making decisions and need to be encouraged for make them to see their own potential and make the right call.They're cautious and are seldom straightforward to others.If you want to be friends with them, you have to be a trustworthy listener first, then extend a helping hand to them

Year Of The Rabbit

The Chinese dragon is the luckiest and most powerful in the Chinese zodiac,but is infamous for being hotheaded,agressive and having a sharp tongue.They're not open to criticisms and they don't see themselves as irritating/arrogant.They're easily pleased when praised,but can become arrogant so dont take the limelight away from them.They have leadership qualities but like to criticize others relentlessly.<a href="https://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/social_customs/zodiac/dragon/love-compatibility.htm#:~:text=According%20to%20Chinese%20zodiac%20compatibility,when%20choosing%20a%20life%20partner.">They can be a bit narrow-minded.</a>Get along with them? Don't offend them intentionally.Subordinates should not talk back at them to avoid retaliation.Don't steal their thunder.

Year Of The Dragon9

To some, people born in the year of the snake are a cool and calm problem-solvers. They may appear nonchalant most of the time, but truth is, they just dont like showing their vulnerable side. How to get along with them: ommunicate with them in an inductive manner, they need people who will understand them.They're vainglorious and skeptical so those around them should be frank and honest.Never show off in front of them their jealousy can make them turn against you.The Snake sees things from a perspective that no one else might. Ask them about their thoughts, they can be very interesting.

Year Of The Snake

Energetic, animated and active, the Horse is always running at full speed. That boundless energy can be tiring but, it can also be a source of energy for the whole team.Horses are really more cunning than intelligent, and that is probably why most Horse people lack real confidence.How to get along witn them: They value freedom, so give them more leeway. Dont ask for details when they seem hesitant to share. Their looks matter a lot to them, praise their OOTD or notice when they show up with a new image. They can't accept other's opinions easity so when giving them advice be tactful.

Year Of The Horse

The peace keeper, people born in the year of the goat are there to listen to everyone and iron out issues. They are empathetic, peace-loving, mild-mannered but a bit disorganised.Wanna get along with them? People born in the year of the goat are usually shy and timid. Encourage them to open up and express their feelings.Treat them fairly. If they're blue, take them for a walk or a trip and earnestly communicate with them. Otherwise, they will quietly bear the accumulating stress so as not to bother other people.They also don’t do well at staying on top of things. Be patient with them.

Year Of The Goat

People with the monkey as their lunar zodiac sign have brilliant minds. They have strong, healthy bodies that enable them to perform well in school or at work.They also show initiative and they dont back down to new challenges. Its no wonder they're appreciated by teachers and bosses. They make excellent leaders than anyone else.How to get along with them? As Monkeys are quick-witted, they're also attracted to humorous and intelligent people or to people who are mature and independent. Develop more hobbies and broaden your interests so that you can have more in common with the Monkeys.

Year Of The Monkey

Roosters are excellent workers. They are level-headed, straightforward, observant, hardworking, resourceful, courageous, and talented. How to get along with them: Roosters are happiest when they are surrounded by others, whether at a party or just a social gathering. They enjoy the spotlight and will exhibit their charm on any occasion. They expect you to listen to them when they speak and can become agitated when yoh dont. Vain and boastful they don’t like being interrupted by others when they expressing own opinions. Be more patient and understanding

Year Of The Rooster

Dogs are loyal and honest, amiable and kind, cautious and prudent. Due to having a strong sense of loyalty and sincerity, Dogs will do everything for the person most important to them. They'd rather suffer a loss than make trouble for others or do something they consider immoral. Workwise, they're kind and are always ready to lighten the workload of others.How to get along with them: They are not good at communicating so tend to appear stubborn.Being conservative and cautious, Dogs will take their time to really get to know you before opening up to you, let them and be patient.

Year Of The Dog

With a round and fat face, the Pig is the symbol of wealth, felicity, honesty, and practicality. No wonder you put your savings in a 'piggy bank'.People born in a year of the Pig are usually sensitive but trusting. When talking to them, be straightforward (even blunt) to avoid misunderstandings that could be percieved as breach of trust. Pig people are generous and find it difficult to refuse a proposition. Not being intimidating overpowering will make people born in the year of the Pigs feel comfortable around you. Be sincere and honest to build a good relationship with them

Year Of The Pig

As an HR Manager (for companies in the US, the UK, Thailand and the Philippines) we've used the lunar zodiac as a tool to establish harmonious relationships with clients, colleagues and superiors. 

The workplace can feel a jungle sometimes. There are multiple things happening at once and it is home to a diversity of...

How to Get Along with the Different Lunar Zodiac Signs

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