Learning is sometimes difficult and takes a lot of time. It is because your techniques are not proper. I can reassure you that if you put enough effort into learning new ways, you will see results in a brief period and be sure that knowledge will stay in your head for a long. You will learn more about more efficient Learning patches from this article.

Make learning simpler

Few people can sit with a book in their hands and learn effectively. His essential that you have prepared the place to work on your learning. A proper desk and comfortable chair are a good start. If you choose to learn, for example - in bed instead - you will think about relaxing, not learning, and will become less productive.

Arrange the learning environment first

Remember to clean and organize your desk before you will start learning. Leave there only a book, pen, and notepad. Try not to distract yourself from leaving the desk when working.

Keep your workplace simple

We all do have different focusing and memorizing. Some of us learn via listening and some by reading, for example. It would be best if you thought what’s the best way of Learning for you. If you are skilled in listening, it will be a hand for you to read quietly and learn from it. It’s your arm better in reading than listening. - marking up the content will be eye-catching.

Find your way of learning

Make notes from the insights of actual content. When you make notes, your brain focuses on the vital and side content. The handy way is to establish a numeration on crucial content points. It is also helping to make your knowledge more consistent. Organizing and reviewing notes before you go to sleep it’s also a good habit. It motivates your brain to memorize the side notes in crucial points.

Make Notes

Your brain should remember smaller chunks of written content (like one page per one key point) than massive notes put all together. It will motivate you by learning smaller parts and then adding more knowledge to the one you have gained already.

Group your content

Productive learning is not only gaining knowledge all the time - it is also about nighttime to allocate a break for your brain. You can be less effective when learning non-stop than when you arrange, for example, a walk to get some oxygen. Or a nap to let your brain wave information in the right part of it to then put your memorized knowledge “on a paper” during exams.

Take a Rest

This are the ways I did found to be handy and useful while learning.

education

Learning & Education

Make learning easier

Literature is not only a mirror; it is a map, a geography of the mind.

Because of various benefits which one can reap from Mind Maps, it will help you succeed in academia, or in the workplace. They allow you to bridge the gap between the thought and the capture, thus improving retention.

The Importance of Mind Maps

Mind maps are a visual representation of information, with branches representing subtopics from a common idea.

What are Mind Maps?

The slash mind map utilizes slashes in favor of classic notes. You can have branches which cover more specific information.

The Slash Mind Map

It will save you significant amounts of time if you omit specific facts from a lecture. Instead, cover broad topics with each node. You can always search things up.

No facts - Just concepts

<ol><li>Start with your main idea</li><li>Add branches to this idea</li><li>Add images/colors</li><li>Continue branching</li></ol>

The Guide

Make a node in your mind map, generally the title of the lecture, or the main idea of the current slide.Remember - stay as general as possible.

The Main Idea

The initial branches should still be general. As you branch out further, and the radial tree gets more complex, the nodes become more specific in scope.Don't jot facts here. This should just be a title of the subtopic, or concept.

Branching out

If you are a visual learner, and find joy in aesthetic colors/images, you can supplement the mind map structure with auxiliary images.Try to do this after the lecture is over.

Images/Colors

I have started to use mind maps more often, and I love them. They force you to take what the lecturer says, and summarize it as simply as possible. Further, you have to break that summary into logical, coherent parts. I can take a glance at my lesson summaries, and see the general flow of the lecture. If I need to see a specific topic, I can search the tree formation by subtopic, or use Google if necessary.

Final Thoughts

I recently wrote an article on my blog, EdEfficiency, on the topic of Mind Maps. I started implementing them in my Biology lectures, and saw miraculous results. I was able to remember more content, and had easy notes to reference later on.

Active recall allows the user to study much more efficiently. It prompts 
you to recall the term from your memory, instead of trying to embed it 
there through re-reading. This article teaches you active recall techniques 
that you can implement right away.

personaldevelopment

Personal Development

writing

Reading & Writing

timemanagement

Time Management

creativity

Creativity

Active Recall: The path to mastery. | EdEfficiency

Playing certain types of games can help you get better at concentrating. Try:<ul><li>sudoku</li><li>crossword puzzles</li><li>chess</li><li>jigsaw puzzles</li><li>word searches or scrambles</li><li> memory games </li></ul>Brain training games can also help you develop your working and short-term memory, as well as your processing and problem-solving skills.

1. Train your brain

Sleep deprivation can easily disrupt concentration, not to mention other cognitive functions, such as memory and attention.Occasional sleep deprivation may not cause too many problems for you. But regularly failing to get a good night’s sleep can affect your mood and performance at work.Many experts recommend adults aim for 7 to 8 hours of sleep each night.

2. Improve sleep

Improving the sleep you do get can also have benefit. A few quick tips:<ul><li>Turn off the TV and put away screens an hour before bed.</li><li>Keep your room at a comfortable but cool temperature.</li><li>Wind down before bed with soft music, a warm bath, or a book.</li><li>Go to bed and get up around the same time each day, even on weekends.</li></ul>Exercise regularly, but try to avoid a heavy workout just before bed.

Increased concentration is among the many benefits of regular exercise. Exercise benefits everyone. A 2018 study looking at 116 fifth-graders found evidence to suggest daily physical activity could help improve both concentration and attention after just 4 weeks. Other researchTrusted Source looking at older adults suggests just a year of moderate aerobic physical activity can help stop or even reverse memory loss that occurs with brain atrophy related to age.

3. Make time for exercise

If you want to boost your concentration naturally, try to get outside every day, even for just 15 to 20 minutes. You might take a short walk through a park. Sitting in your garden or backyard can also help. Any natural environment has benefits.

4. Spend time in nature

Meditation and mindfulness practices can offer multiple benefits. Improved concentration is only one of these.Mindfulness training that emphasizes attention focus could help increase attention and focus. Mindfulness can also improve memory and other cognitive abilities.Meditation doesn’t just mean sitting silently with your eyes closed. Yoga, deep breathing, and many other activities can help you meditate.

5. Give meditation a try

when you first feel your concentration drop, take a short mental break. Refresh yourself with a cool drink or nutritious snack, take a quick walk, or go outside and get some sun.When you return to work, don’t be surprised if you feel more focused, motivated, or even creative. Breaks can help boost these functions and more.

6. Take a break

Turning on music while working or studying may help increase concentration.The type of music you listen to can make a difference. Experts generally agree classical music, particularly baroque classical music or nature sounds are good choices to help increase your focus.It’s also important to avoid choosing music you love or hate, since both types can end up distracting you.

7. Listen to music

The foods you eat can affect cognitive functions like concentration and memory. Avoiding processed foods, too much sugar, and very greasy or fatty foods. To boost concentration, try eating more of the following:<ul><li>fatty fish (think salmon and trout)</li><li>eggs (white and yolk both)</li><li>blueberries</li><li>spinach</li></ul>Staying hydrated can also have a positive impact on concentration. Even mild dehydration can make it harder to focus or remember information.

8. Vary your diet 

If you feel your concentration starting to drop, consider a cup of coffee or green tea. A serving of dark chocolate — 70 percent cacao or higher — can have similar benefits, if you don’t enjoy caffeinated beverages.A 2017 studyTrusted Source found evidence to suggest phytochemicals naturally found in matcha, a type of green tea, not only improve cognitive function but can help promote relaxation. So matcha may be a good option if coffee tends to make you feel jittery or on edge.

9. Drink caffeine

Some supplements may help promote better concentration and improved brain function.The following supplements may help promote increased concentration and overall brain health:<ul><li>folate</li><li>choline</li><li>vitamin K</li><li>flavonoids</li><li>omega-3 fatty acids</li><li>guarana seed extract</li></ul>

10. Try supplements

Concentration workouts often help children who have trouble focusing. This mental workout involves fully devoting attention to an activity for a set period of time.Try these activities:<ul><li>Draw or doodle for 15 minutes.</li><li>Spend a few minutes tossing a balloon or small ball with another person.</li><li>Set a timer for 3 to 5 minutes. Try to blink as little as possible.</li></ul>Talking about where they lost concentration and how they managed to refocus can help them develop these skills for use in daily tasks.

11. Do a concentration workout

You can try a number of ways to improve your concentration, including brain games, meditation, music, and more. If these don’t work for you, it’s a good idea to talk with a professional to rule out any conditions.

productivity

Productivity

health

Health

How to Improve Concentration: -Backed Tips, and More

Here's a short summary of the book. I definitely recommend a read.

Summary Of The Book

Predictably Irrational explains the hidden forces that really drive how we make decisions, which are far less rational than we think, but can help us stay on top of our finances, interact better with others and live happier lives, once we know about them.

1-Sentence Summaey

1. We compare whatever we can, so give others easy comparisons to pick you.2. Free is really just another price, but a powerful one.3. You overvalue what you own.

3 Mains Lessons From The Book

We’re wired to compare things, and our brains do so in the easiest way possible.We compare what’s right in front of us, not necessarily what we should think about or look at that might not be around at the time.So if you give people options to compare yourself or your products to, which are slightly worse, they’ll pick you more often.

1. Give Others Easy Comparison

This has to do with our incredibly strong tendency to avoid losses wherever possible. If we buy something and it’s bad, we lose money. But if we get something for free, the potential downside is zero. It still might be good for us, though, so we value free items much more highly than we should.

2. Free Is Just Another Kind Of Price, A Very Powerful One

We love what we own simply because of our memories and fantasies about it (“I loved wearing this shirt at work/I’ll have so much fun at the game”).We hate losing things we own, whereas we don’t mind missing out on something all that much.Usually, we expect others to think highly of the same things we do (“If I like this carpet, I’m sure all my friends will like it too).

3. The Endowment Effect Causes You To Overvalue What You Own

Intelligent, lively, humorous, and thoroughly engaging, "The Predictably Irrational" explains why people often make bad decisions and what can be done about it.

philosophy

Philosophy

books

Books

<ul> <li>Why do our headaches persist after taking a one-cent aspirin but disappear when we take a 50-cent aspirin? </li> <li>Why does recalling the Ten Commandments reduce our tendency to lie, even when we couldn't possibly be caught? </li> <li>Why do we splurge on a lavish meal but cut coupons to save twenty-five cents on a can of soup?</li> <li>Why do we go back for second helpings at the unlimited buffet, even when our stomachs are already full?</li> <li>And how did we ever start spending $4.15 on a cup of coffee when, just a few years ago, we used to pay less than a dollar?</li> </ul> When it comes to making decisions in our lives, we think we're in control. We think we're making smart, rational choices. But are we? In a series of illuminating, often surprising experiments, MIT behavioral economist Dan Ariely refutes the common assumption that we behave in fundamentally rational ways. Blending everyday experience with groundbreaking research, Ariely explains how expectations, emotions, social norms, and other invisible, seemingly illogical forces skew our reasoning abilities. Not only do we make astonishingly simple mistakes every day, but we make the same types of mistakes, Ariely discovers. We consistently overpay, underestimate, and procrastinate. We fail to understand the profound effects of our emotions on what we want, and we overvalue what we already own. Yet these misguided behaviors are neither random nor senseless. They're systematic and predictable—making us predictably irrational. From drinking coffee to losing weight, from buying a car to choosing a romantic partner, Ariely explains how to break through these systematic patterns of thought to make better decisions. Predictably Irrational will change the way we interact with the world—one small decision at a time.

Dan Ariely is the James B. Duke Professor of Behavioral Economics at Duke University. He also holds an appointment at the MIT Media Lab where he is the head of the eRationality research group. He was formerly the Alfred P. Sloan Professor of Behavioral Economics at MIT Sloan School of Management.Dan Ariely grew up in Israel after birth in New York. He served in the Israeli army and when 18 suffered third-degree burns over 70 percent of his body from an accidental magnesium flare explosion during training.Ariely recovered and went on to graduate from Tel Aviv University and received a Ph.D. and M.A. in cognitive psychology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and a Ph.D. in business from Duke University.

Dan Ariely

Predictably Irrational

This curve typically shows what happens to our memory of something in a week after learning something new.The ultimate goal to maximize our efficiency to remember something is to reduce the effects of forgetting curve.Here are 6 effective strategies that will help you to retain much of what you have learnt.

The Infamous Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve

Evidence shows that studying your material in several sessions spread out over a long period, rather than repeatedly learning stuff in a short period, really helps to retain the material. Importantly, it is better to overshoot the duration between your revision than to undershoot. If an exam is 2 months away a minimum of 10 days is recommended, it can get 12 but 8 is not fine. It gives us a false perception of mastery which may not pay off later.

1) Spaced Practice 

One strategy for learning is blocking. It involves practicing one thing at a time before the next ( Learning topic A before B, before C forming the pattern AABBCC), in interleaving you mix several topics together (forming the pattern ABCABC) It may seem a little harder as it can take a bit longer to learn material. But it can generate better and long-lasting results. It is important that when using interleaving method you shouldn't switch between subjects too often, it's all about getting the balance.

2) Interleaving

The only way to know if your practice is working is by testing yourself. Evidence shows that testing is one of the most important factor to aid your revision and it can drastically improve your memory.While initially it may seem better to study more, over time you are much more likely to retain information if you test yourself. This surprising phenomenon is called the testing effect!Some ideas on how you can test yourself:<ul><li>Flashcards </li><li>Practice questions online</li><li>Questions in textbooks </li><li> Getting friends to quiz you in a study group </li><li> Past papers</li></ul>

3) Retrieval Practice 

Elaboration is where are you enhance the information of the learning material by relating it to other information that you already know so that you think about it differently.This strategy makes you ask more in-depth questions about how and why things work; deepening your sematic understanding

4) Elaboration 

When we are learning new information that we do not want it to interfere with what we have previously learned. If this happens it is called retroactive interference. When this happens the memory that you have stored previously for some reasons cannot be retrieved. This is more likely to occur when learning similar materials.So when learning new information, try to make sure you are learning it in fundamentally different way on how you learned similar materials. Use new cues and try to keep the information separate. Consider connecting the dots.

5) Link Information To Expand Your Memory

Stimulating curiosity creates more effective learning experiences. This means the more interested or curious you are about something, the better. If you find a topic boring try connecting it with something that you do find interesting. Thinking in these terms can really change how you feel about a topic and consequently how well you end up learning it.

6) Stay Curious To Learn More

problemsolving

Problem Solving

How to remember the stuff you have studied ?

<ul><li>Learn pronunciation first.</li><li>Don't translate.</li><li>Use spaced repetition systems.</li></ul>

The three keys to language learning

<ul><li>Make memories more memorable. Make foreign words more memorable by learning the sound system of your language, then connect those sounds to images, then connect those images to your past experiences.</li><li>Maximize laziness. Don't do rote repetition. Study a concept until you can repeat it once without looking, then stop.</li><li>Recall rather than review. Make and use flashcards containing images and personal connections for words, pronunciation or grammatical construction.</li><li>Test yourself just before you think you'll forget.</li><li>Rewrite the past. When you recall a memory, you can rewrite earlier experiences.</li></ul>

Five principles of memory

<ul><li>Ears. Your brain is hardwired to ignore the differences between foreign sounds. Train your brain to listen to similar-sounding words, such as niece and knees.</li><li>Mouth. Improve your accent by using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Learn the position of the tongue, lips and vocal cords.</li><li>Eyes. Every language contains a pattern of connections between its spelling and its sounds. Try to internalise that pattern using a spaced repetition system (SRS). Create flashcards to memorise every spelling pattern you need.</li></ul>

Train your ears, mouth and eyes

Learning only a thousand words can help you recognize almost 75 percent of what you read. <ul><li>Learn 625 words from word frequency lists. Each language has its own list.</li><li>Use games to create deep multi-sensory memories for words.</li></ul> Game 1: Spot the differences.Search for the words in the native language, then switch to Basic Version. Look for differences, then add one or two good images in flashcards for that word. Game 2: Memory Game.Look for a personal memory related to the word. Try to remember the word rather than the translation.

Learning words

All language learning follows the same pattern: We go from simple sentences (doggie jump), we change their forms, -ing forms(doggie jumping) to irregular past (birdies went). Then regular past tense verbs (doggie jumped) and present tense in third person (Daddy eats). To make sentences:<ul><li>Take the first example out of your grammar book. and make a flashcard.</li><li>When you see new words or word forms that surprise you, make flashcards based on them.</li></ul>

Learning sentences

<ul><li>Start with the top 1000 words in your new language.</li><li>Add keywords based on your interests.</li><li>Use a thematic vocabulary book.</li><li>Use Google Images to find quality example sentences and pictures for your words.</li><li>Write example sentences and definitions, get them corrected.</li><li>Add a dictionary when you have enough vocabulary.</li></ul> Read a book.<ul><li>The first book should be familiar to you.</li></ul> Watch movies and TV.<ul><li>Read an overview of the series or movie first. Don't use subtitles.</li></ul> The game of taboo.The only rule - no first language allowed.<ul><li>Do video chatting.</li><li>Take language holidays.</li></ul>

Learn with language games

The basics of learning a foreign language

scienceandnature

Science & Nature

communication

Communication

Learning A Foreign Language

This book will equip you with simple and effective ideas to learn a language.

Presents a series of techniques for acquiring a foreign language, including news ways of training the tongue for pronunciation, use of visual imagery for connecting sounds and spelling, and spaced-repetition methods for learning new vocabulary.

NATIONAL BESTSELLER • For anyone who wants to learn a foreign language, this is the method that will finally make the words stick.   “A brilliant and thoroughly modern guide to learning new languages.”—Gary Marcus, cognitive psychologist and author of the New York Times bestseller Guitar Zero   At thirty years old, Gabriel Wyner speaks six languages fluently. He didn’t learn them in school—who does? Rather, he learned them in the past few years, working on his own and practicing on the subway, using simple techniques and free online resources—and here he wants to show others what he’s discovered.   Starting with pronunciation, you’ll learn how to rewire your ears and turn foreign sounds into familiar sounds. You’ll retrain your tongue to produce those sounds accurately, using tricks from opera singers and actors. Next, you’ll begin to tackle words, and connect sounds and spellings to imagery rather than translations, which will enable you to think in a foreign language. And with the help of sophisticated spaced-repetition techniques, you’ll be able to memorize hundreds of words a month in minutes every day.    This is brain hacking at its most exciting, taking what we know about neuroscience and linguistics and using it to create the most efficient and enjoyable way to learn a foreign language in the spare minutes of your day.

Gabriel Wyner

Fluent Forever

Concentration is the essence of all knowledge; nothing can be done without it. Ninety percent of thought force is wasted by the ordinary human being, and therefore he is constantly committing blunders; the trained man or mind never makes a mistake.

Concentration

How are we to know that the mind has become concentrated? Because the idea of time will vanish. The more time passes unnoticed, the more concentrated we are. In common life, we see that when we are interested in a book we do not note the time at all, and when we leave the book, we are often surprised to find how many hours have passed.

Time 

It is only when the mind is very calm and collected that the whole of its energy is spent in doing good work. And if you read the lives of the great workers which the world has produced, you will find that they were wonderfully calm men.

calmness

Education is not filling the mind with a lot of facts. Perfecting the instrument and getting complete mastery of my own mind[is the ideal of education]. If I want to concentrate my mind upon a point, it goes there, and the moment I call, it is free[again].

mastery

We who cannot for a moment govern our own minds, nay, cannot for a moment govern our own minds on a subject, focus it on a point to the exclusion of everything else for a moment! Yet we call ourselves free. Think of it!

freedom

Raja-Yoga is the science which teaches us how to gain the power of concentration.

In making money, or in worshipping God, or in doing anything, the stronger the power of concentration, the better will that thing be done.

doing

The purer the mind, the easier it is to control. Purity of the mind must be insisted upon if you would control it.

The danger of concentrating the mind upon an object and then being unable to detach at will. This state causes great suffering. Almost all our suffering is caused by our not having the power of detachment.

Side by side, in the child, should be developed the power of concentration and detachment.

Regular breathing puts the body in a harmonious condition; and it is then easier to reach the mind… Simple breathing is all that is necessary in that line… In this way we get control of the body, and then we begin to feel the finer working of the body, the finer and more interior, and so on till we reach the mind… Thus, the mind brought under control.

I see, I think, I do, must be threaded. Brain hand eye coordination is a must.

The idea of Concentration by Vivekananda

Since 2020, the most noticeable trend in the crypto space is that Ethereum has been unable to maintain its dominance due to scalability constraints. Meanwhile, various new public blockchains have continued to emerge. Some of them have already acquired a large volume of usage and hosted a huge amount of crypto assets. The trend has made more and more people realize that the future of the blockchain world will not be one-chain-fits-all but rather an Internet of Blockchains.

When it comes to the topic of the Internet of Blockchains, the contributions of <a href="https://cosmos.network/?ref=hackernoon.com">Cosmos </a>and its founders cannot be ignored. In 2015, Jae Kwon and his collaborators created <a href="https://tendermint.com/?ref=hackernoon.com">Tendermint </a>, a PoS-based BFT consensus that allows anyone to create a blockchain quickly. In Cosmos’ blueprint, there is a particular type of blockchain whose function is to link as many blockchains as possible, which is called a “hub.” The Cosmos Hub is the first of its kind. Corresponding with hubs, the specific purpose blockchains are called “zones”.

Cosmos and the Internet of Blockchains

One is that the code of the hub is simplified, so the security and reliability go higher. The other is that the hub will dedicate its limited capacity to process cross-chain transactions, thereby reducing the cost of cross-chain transactions.The designers of Cosmos followed the <a href="https://web.mit.edu/Saltzer/www/publications/endtoend/endtoend.pdf?ref=hackernoon.com">End-to-End Arguments </a> of the Internet architecture design. the function in question can completely and correctly be implemented only with the knowledge and help of the application standing at the endpoints of the communication system.Hub Minimalism is the design philosophy of the Cosmos Network.

Hub Minimalism — The Blockchain version of End-to-End Arguments

Take a look at the real-world blockchain interconnection topology, and you can easily find that Ethereum is at the center of the Hub-and-Spoke network, with bridges connecting all important blockchains. The motivation for doing that is not because Ethereum is minimal, but precisely because Ethereum is maximized and accommodates the most application layer protocols and the largest volume of crypto assets. This makes Ethereum “the de facto hub ” of the blockchain Internet — a fat hub.

Ethereum — The De Facto Hub of the Blockchain Internet

<a href="https://polkadot.network/?ref=hackernoon.com">Polkadot </a>has always been compared with Cosmos. Although the term is not used, Polkadot also practices Hub Minimalism. The minimalized Polkadot Relay means that decentralized applications including DeFi can only be hosted by parachains. The development of DeFi protocols on Polkadot relies on the composability between parachains, which is presently challenged by two hurdles.

The Minimalized Polkadot Relay

<a href="https://oct.network/?ref=hackernoon.com">Octopus Network </a>is the third noteworthy multi-chain network after Cosmos and Polkadot. Its goal is to launch and run a large number of Web3.0 applications in the form of application-specific blockchains, aka appchains, which are safe and efficient. The core difference between the three multi-chain networks lies in the way the sub-chain (zone/parachain/appchain) obtains security.

Octopus Network — The Third Generation Multichain Network

Currently, in the Cosmos Network, a zone is an independent Tendermint consensus blockchain, and the security comes from its own PoS. (Should Cosmos successfully implement its Interchain Shared Security  model, this may expand sometime in the future.)Polkadot is a heterogeneous sharded blockchain. Parachains are not blockchains with independent consensus, but shards. The Relay Chain does all the validation and guarantees that every parachain has the same level of security.An appchain can determine its own security level by adjusting the block rewards that it pays to validators.

For a new public blockchain to occupy a significant place on the Internet of Blockchains, it must first develop into a robust DeFi center — a Fat Hub.

crypto

Cryptocurrency

Polkadot Vs. COSMOS Vs. Octopus Network Vs. NEAR Protocol: Fat Hubs Are Better Than Hub Minimalism

Every time we are thrown into any type of uncertainty, we’re forced to use time and energy to figure things out, making sense of what is entirely new. This is required whether the shift is deliberate (you decide to make a change in your life), or if it’s thrown upon us (a layoff or a global pandemic, for example). Our ability to move through and continue to perform optimally during these times is grounded in the attributes that we bring to the table — not necessarily our skills.

During times of uncertainty, our skills often take a back seat

Trust is more than an emotion. It’s a belief, and belief is an emotion that has been rationalized or justified. To believe anything, we must decide to do so. We cannot make anyone trust us. All we can do is behave in a way that allows that person to decide to trust us.Empathy, accountability, and authenticity are not skills that we are taught and learn; they are attributes that we develop. While a lot of the skills that we define as performance can be seen, measured, tested and scored, the attributes that build trust are hidden and hard to see.

Trust is built on attributes, not skills

You can’t learn and develop attributes the same way that you do a skill. To develop an attribute takes self-motivation, self-direction, and a willingness by that person to develop that attribute. When you are building a team, it’s more important to find the people who have the attributes you need rather than the skill. If the person has the right attributes, you can always teach them the skill.

Skills can be taught, but attributes must be developed

The measure of true top performers is often not taken when things are going great — it’s assessed when things go wrong.When the plan changes, the environment shifts, everything starts to unravel. This is how we judge our best performers. And the ability to still perform in these situations is not just about the skills. It’s very difficult, if not impossible, to apply a known skill to an unknown situation. This is when we lean on our attributes. Things like adaptability, perseverance, open-mindedness, and patience are what get us through when we are trying to perform in uncertainty.

High performance relies on attributes

We are always looking to explore and discover our potential, as well as those in our span of care. What we must remember, however, is that potential always lies in the future. Potential is about what could be, not about what is. Skills only tell us what is, while attributes tell us what could be.

Potential hides in attributes, not skills

When we measure performance in ourselves and our teams, we need to get the whole picture.

career

Career

The Difference Between Attributes and Skills, and Why One Matters More Than the Other

A 1989 study revealed that the sleeping brain likes to replay its recent experiences and that doing so supports learning and memory. Recently, they found that replay also happens while we're awake. When you hear something useful, your mind will automatically replay it at 20 x speed to better grasp the information. But, a constant influx of information prevents replay and can negatively affect learning, memory and decision-making.

How to support learning and memory

<ul><li>Replay reactivates related experiences. Replaying information causes the brain to look for relevant memories to contextualise and understand new information.</li><li>Replay supports your brain's grasp of motor and spatial information.</li></ul> But, replay occurs during those idle moments when your brain is not receiving novel information. If your brain doesn't get those breaks, its replay functions suffer.

Other effects of replay

The general media landscape does its best to capture all your attention with a steady stream of stimulating content. There is the infinite scroll design of most social media sites. Netflix and YouTube jump to the next show or clip the moment you've finished watching something. These design features are good for the platforms but don't give your brain time to sort and make sense of the information you just received, which at the very least, can lead to memory failures.

Memory failures

Social media information overload can lead to depressive symptoms and reduced well-being. More significantly, an overloaded brain is a confused brain that lapse in memory, judgement, and emotion regulation. Your brain needs time to wander from time to time, especially if you've engaged with useful information.

Your brain needs regular breathers

People in the radio business call them “buttons.” They’re those short music clips you hear in between news segments on NPR and other stations. Bob Boilen, former director of NPR’s All Things…

How Short Information Breaks Help Your Brain

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