Music. Vocal or instrumental sounds (or both) combined in such a way as to produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion. 68% of adults aged between 18 and 34 years old reported listening to music every day, and the majority of their older peers also enjoyed music with the same regularity. music is to feed our souls, but sometimes, short pieces of music can stuck in our ears or our heads, repeating itself over and over until you wish to tear your ears out. It’s Called an Earworm . But why? how do songs get stuck to your head, and more importantly… How do we get rid of them?

Let's Begin

Earworm, Sticky song syndrome, or most commonly Involuntary Musical Imagery (INMI). At best, it means that the song is catchy. At worst, it means replaying over and over until you get annoyed of that song. The word “Earworm” is a calque from the german word “Ohrwurm” which means the exact same thing.Over 90% of people are plagued by earworms once a week, and 23% experience them several times a day, most of them are either singers or music producers. Live music is more likely to stay in your head than recorded music, because it includes some visual elements that could help you remember the song

Earworm…???

again whenever you encounter these elements again.When we listen to a song, it triggers a part of the brain called The auditory cortex, which makes the listener automatically fills the rest of the song, and to have that song in their mind they had to scratch that part of the brain so the song repeats itself over and over, here… earworm occurs.Researcher Vicky Williamson says that our brains could also be triggered by experiences that trigger the memory of a song, it’s called the involuntary memory,

Why do we have Earworms?

such as seeing a word that reminds one of the song, hearing a few notes from the song, or feeling an emotion one associates with the song, all these may lead you to remember the song but in a way that shocks our brains so it gets stuck in our heads for a period of time.

Musicologist Dr. Alison Pawley and psychologist Dr. Daniel Mullensiefen out at the University of London have done researches on what makes a song catchy, their conclusion was that there are four traits that make a song catchy:<ol><li>Longer and detailed musical phrases . The breath a vocalist takes as they sing a line is crucial to creating a sing-along-able tune. The longer a vocal in one breath, the more likely we are to sing along.</li><li>A Higher number of pitches in the chorus hook . The more sounds there are, the more infectious a song becomes. </li></ol>

A Catchy song

Combining longer musical phrases and a hook over three different pitches was found to be key to sing-along success.4. Male vocalists . Singing along to a song may be a subconscious war cry, tapping into an inherent tribal part of our consciousness. Psychologically we look to men to lead us into battle, so it could be in our intuitive nature to follow male-fronted songs. 5. Higher male voices with noticeable vocal effort . This indicates high energy and purpose, particularly when combined with a smaller vocal range (Freddie Mercury of Queen and Jon Bon Jovi).

Sometimes, earworms can be annoying, not the song but that non stopping repetition. Well… earworms usually disappear by itself, but a few techniques have been found to help.<ol><li>Listen to the whole song. Since earworms are usually only a fragment of music, playing all the song would stop the process of auto-completing the song and therefore getting rid of the earworm</li><li>Replace it with another piece of music. I know this isn’t an efficient solution, you just replaced an earworm by another, but at least it’s a new tune XD. </li></ol>

How to get rid of earworms?

3. Chew gum! Chewing gum activates the motor cortex , which is used when you imagine music, almost as if you are imagining what it feels like to sing the song out loud. Chewing gum interferes with this process.4. Play puzzles (Sudoku, Chess, Anagrams…), Scientists found that engaging memory in difficult work is an effective way of stopping earworms and reducing their recurrence.

Music. Vocal or instrumental sounds (or both) combined in such a way as to produce beauty of form, harmony, and expression of emotion. 68% of adults aged between 18 and 34 years old reported…

Understand yourself and those around you.

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Psychology

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Personal Development

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Health

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Music

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Science & Nature

Why is that song stuck in my head?

“Sometimes we speak beyond what someone is able to listen to. What the research shows is that the human brain can really only hold on to four things at a time, so if you go on and on for five or 10 minutes trying to argue a point, the person will only remember a very small part of that”

Talk No Longer Than 30 Seconds at a Time During Conversation

“We developed compassionate communication with the idea of having several goals, and one of them is to speak briefly, meaning that you speak one or two sentences, maybe 30 seconds worth or so, because that’s really what the human brain can take in and absorb.”-Andrew Newbert, co author of “Words Can Change Your Brain.

Compassionate communication

Learning to communicate in relationships are critical to success in life and love

Maybe I’m the only one, but nuanced, intangible things like “feelings” and “communication” and “psychology” never pulled much weight with me growing up, or even in my 20s. Psychology?! That’s…

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Communication

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Love & Relationships

5 Sales and Writing Secrets That Could Save Your Marriage (And Make Your Relationship Thrive)

Narcissists are lacking whole object relations. This means to them everything and everyone is either black or white. People are either good or bad. In their mind, a person cannot be a good person and make a mistake or do something wrong. Since they see themselves as eternally good, they can’t admit to ever doing anything that would be considered wrongful.

To them, it’s not lying


" According to Psychologist <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/contributors/erin-leonard-phd">Erin Leonard PhD</a>, they really believe their own lies. This is because in their minds they simply twist the reality to match their beliefs. This is an extreme form of <a href="https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-cognitive-dissonance-2795012">cognitive dissonance</a>".

Learning about Narcissists is the first step in protecting yourself

“What prompted you to study Psychology?” my boss asks me. I shrug. “It’s been something I always wanted to do. I am interested in how people and their brains work”. That’s not a lie. But of course, I…

Narcissists Don’t Lie, They Create Alternate Realities

Shopping history never moves in one single direction or all at once. There have always been regional and chronological divergences from mainstream developments.There are also retailing modes that fall by the wayside and then return at a later date in new guises or with new names. They often have every appearance of being newly invented.

The History Of Shopping: A Recurring Cycle

<ul><li>Self-service was the shopping revolution of the 20th century.</li><li>Promoted as a modern, efficient way to shop, self-service entailed both a different type of store layout and new norms of customer and shop-worker behaviour.</li><li>There was no need for counter service if customers were making their own selections.</li><li>All available goods were put out on display, within reach.</li><li>No need to ask someone to fetch them.</li><li>The abolition of counter service meant that their various skills, including their people skills, were made redundant.</li></ul>

The Self-Service Revolution

<ul><li>With self-service firmly established to assist supposedly "time-poor" consumers, the stage was set for internet shopping to promise an even more efficient way of doing things</li><li>You don't have to take yourself anywhere to get to the store, which never closes</li><li>Everything is always on the screen</li><li>There is still a trolley or basket, but not one that you have to push or carry</li><li>The shop assistant is wholly absent from the screen</li></ul>

Internet Shopping

<ul><li>People began to support and use independent local shops.</li><li>Home deliveries were organized by smaller shops, often working together in groups.</li><li>In the media, shop assistants were referred to as “frontline workers”.</li><li>The pandemic had demonstrated what shops were really for, and why we should not let them go.</li><li>Town centres had been dying a much-discussed death for years, as more and more shops were being closed down and stayed unused.</li><li>Some towns were taking action to resist the trend, battling back with collective imagination and sometimes with significant financial backing.</li></ul>

The Impact Of Lockdown And Going To The Town Center

<ul><li>Until the middle of the 20th century, most shops offered home delivery as a matter of course.</li><li>With self-service came the end of most home delivery services.</li><li>The new delivery services offered by smaller, independent stores that started up during lockdown represented a return to local arrangements that were standard before the arrival of Self-Service.</li><li>New technology has actively contributed to the revival of an older form of shopping.</li></ul>

A Return to Home Delivery

From pop-ups to fast fashion to same-day delivery, every retail innovation is reminiscent of one that came before.


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Marketing & Sales

The fascinating history of shopping and its influence on how we buy stuff today

<ul><li>The first fictional depiction of an atomic war with atomic bombs destroying a city came from H.G. Wells in 1914</li><li>Similar sci-fi touchstones - the apocalypse, radioactive monsters, lone survivors in destroyed cities - originally had nothing to do with atomic weapons when they became embedded in popular culture</li><li>It wasn't until 1945 that fears of atomic warfare became firmly cemented in the American psyche</li><li>Fear of nuclear war increased when both the U.S. and Russia began developing hydrogen bombs in the 1950s</li><li>In the 60s and 70s, public opinion polls put nuclear war at the top of the list of great<warningtag>est problems, but by 1968 it had been replaced by environmental concerns and world hunger.</warningtag></li></ul>

A Brief History of Nuclear Fear

Focus on clear, indisputable truths - like the fact that nuclear war hasn't actually begun - or simply focus on your own breathing.It's important to monitor your own media consumption of crises like the conflict in Ukraine and avoid exposing yourself to graphic images or videos that may ramp up feelings of fear and anxiety.

How to Learn to Stop Worrying

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is fueling fears about the possibility of a nuclear war. But experts say this is far from the first time these worries have bubbled to the surface.

Nuclear Anxiety is Nothing New. Here’s How to Handle It

The goal gradient hypothesis posits that our efforts increase as we get closer to achieving a goal: when the reward is in sight, we feel incentivized to reach the finish line. Designers and decision-makers can effectively use goal gradients as a motivational tool.

Our perception of progress can impact our overall drive to reach a goal

<ul><li>The goal gradient hypothesis was first introduced by Clark Leonard Hull in 1932.</li><li>In 2006, researchers Ran Kivetz, Oleg Urminsky and Yuhuang Zheng followed up on Hull's work by testing the hypothesis on rats. Rats ran faster the closer they got to food rewards.</li><li>This phenomenon can also be observed in marathon runners who run faster once they reach the finish line.</li></ul>

The concept of a goal gradient

<ul><li>Goal gradients do not only impact our motivation but also impact how helpful or socially minded we might be.</li><li>Research suggests that the impact of a goal gradient can be affected by your power status.</li><li>Those who perceive themselves to be in a position of low social or professional power are more likely to be motivated by proximity to a goal.</li><li>Conversely, goal proximity may be of less importance to those who feel more powerful.</li></ul>

The impact of the goal gradient hypothesis

<ul><li>Offer a head start.</li><li>Track and acknowledge progress.</li><li>Break down milestones.</li><li>Customer loyalty can be encouraged by the insertion of small milestones on the way to the main milestone.</li><li>Celebrate micro-wins to make goals feel more achievable.</li></ul>

How you can motivate others to achieve their goals

Our perception of progress can impact our overall drive to reach a goal. The goal gradient hypothesis posits that our efforts increase as we get closer to achieving a goal.

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Productivity

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Problem Solving

Using the goal gradient hypothesis to help people cross the finish line

Set yourself a period of some days in which you will be content with very small amounts of food, and the cheapest kind, with coarse clothing, and say to yourself 'is this what I was afraid of?'

Discover What You Can Do Without

The Stoics greatly valued hardship, they routinely practiced poverty or put themselves through mild hardship.Benefits Of Self Imposed Hardship:

Why value hardship?

<ul><li>To discover what we can do without, and reduce the fear of losing these things.</li></ul>

<ul><li>To better reflect upon our true goals, or to work towards them.</li></ul>

<ul><li>To empathise with less fortunate people.</li></ul>

<ul><li>To be reminded that the simple things in life can be just as enjoyable and profitable.</li></ul>

<ul><li>To increase appreciation and enjoyment of the things that we normally enjoy.</li></ul>

<ul><li>To take a break from normal routine, and reinvigorate the mind while exercising and reinforcing our freedom.</li></ul>

<ul><li>To be prepared for future hardship, which is all but a certainty.</li></ul>

<ul><li>To understand that the greater part of our suffering lies not in fact, but in our attitude towards it.</li></ul>

<ul><li>To practice self discipline.</li></ul>

Do not lament (complain) about misfortune.Instead, rejoice that you are the sort of person who can undergo misfortune without letting it upset you.

If you want to have time for your mind, you must either be poor or resemble the poor.

Frugality is just voluntary poverty.

Why the Stoics greatly valued hardship 💫

Why the Stoics, like their ancestors the Cynics, greatly valued hardship.

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Philosophy

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Religion & Spirituality

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Mental Health

The Surprising Benefits of Self-Imposed Hardship

<ul>
<li>While negative thoughts create "limiting beliefs", and in turn prevent positive things from happening, positive thoughts - when focused on specific goals and outcomes - can make those things happen.</li>
<li>You are co-creating with the universe.</li>
<li>One key caveat: "You can only manifest in line with your higher purpose."</li>
<li>Silicon Valley tapped into millennial ennui by taking astrology into the app age. Subscriptions services such as Sanctuary boomed by billing themselves as an "Uber for astrological readings".</li>
<li>If you don't believe what you're saying, you're blocking it with negative thoughts.</li>
</ul>

Manifesting takes the idea of a positive mental attitude and runs with it

<ul><li>Most manifesting sessions end with palms pressed together in a prayer-like pose, though it's "the universe" we're told to give thanks to.</li><li>The idea is to look both at the thing we want to manifest and at ourselves from an outsider's perspective.</li><li>Part of manifestation involves looking at the positive side of everything.</li></ul>

Manifesting is religion without the altruism

It's clearly a growth subsection of a wellness market now said to be worth a staggering $1.5tr.<ul><li>Natalie Benmayor, the founder of the wellness jewelry label Capsule Eleven, launched her brand in the pandemic.</li><li>She had the idea for a company selling high-end "spiritual" jewelry items, which, she says, she subsequently manifested.</li><li>People did need it, they felt hopeless and manifesting became a way to take back control.</li><li>House of Roxy, a manifestation company, started selling do-it-yourself manifestation kits and began hosting professional sessions once lockdown ended.</li></ul>

The business of manifesting is tough to quantify

<ul><li>On YouTube, teen manifesters teach things like the “3-6-9” method.</li><li>on Instagram, they’ve taken to crowdsourcing - remarkably specific posts circulate saying things like “A huge check of $118,811 is about to land in your hand tomorrow! Type YES to Affirm” under which hundreds of people write “YES”.</li></ul>

Gen Z manifesting has taken on some curious quirks

Can hopes become reality just through the power of positive thinking? Yes, say the latest new age gurus and their – suggestible – audiences

Making dreams come true: inside the new age world of manifesting

If you use the internet, the odds are about even that you’ll be mistreated there. A 2021 Pew Research report found that 41% of U.S. adults have personally experienced some form of online harassment. 55% percent think it is a “major problem.” 75% percent of the targets of online abuse say their most recent experience was on social media. One can’t think of any other area of voluntary interaction—with the possible exception of driving in rush-hour traffic—where people so frequently expose themselves to regular abuse.

Troll Trouble

Without even realizing it, many internet users mistakenly assume that cyberattackers follow conventional rules of behavior. People try to reason with trolls or appeal to their better nature. These responses are similar to how you might approach a friend who’s inadvertently insulted you, or a family member who disagrees with you about something important. But trolls are not like your loved ones, and research shows that these strategies are ineffective because they misapprehend a troll’s true motives, which are usually to attract attention, exercise control, and manipulate others.

A Troll’s True Motives

Many people who engage in online harassment are not what most of us would consider to be well-adjusted. In 2019, scholars writing in the journal Personality and Individual Differences surveyed 26 studies of internet “trolling,” cyberbullying, and related antisocial online behaviors. They found significant associations with psychopathy, Machiavellianism, sadism, and narcissism, in that order. In other words, just as you would conclude that a stranger attacking you in person is badly damaged, you can conclude the same about a stranger attacking you on social media.

Maladjusted Or Full On Badly Damaged 

Despite the fact that online jerks and offline jerks tend to be the same people, online life feels way more full of jerks than offline life. Bizarre, hostile behavior seems to be more common online than in person. The reason is that once abusers enter an online space, they tend to take it over. Trolls like trolling, whereas most people don’t like being trolled. So trolls are attracted to internet forums such as Twitter, where they can get their toxic jollies without much threat of being beaten up, while moral people exit —all increasing the troll-to-normal ratio over time.

Basic Math

Our attackers are weirdos, and the internet is a weirdo’s paradise. But for some reason, we often have trouble understanding that. Instead, we take attacks seriously and personally. One scholar has proposed that this tendency to internalize trollish insults results from a phenomenon called solipsistic introjection: reading written communication can feel like hearing a voice inside our own head. As such, a troll’s insults can be experienced as a form of self-criticism, which is hard to ignore.

Solipsistic Introjection 

Even if you want to bid the online sewer a not-so-fond adieu, your circumstances might make doing so too costly. Exiting social media today would be like getting rid of your telephone 20 years ago. And maybe you simply don’t want to be forced off social media by the trolls, any more than you would placidly accept being forced off the playground because of menacing bullies who treat it as their exclusive property.If you need or want to participate in online communities, but you hate the abuse, here are 3 strategies to consider.

It’s A Playground And It’s Everybody’s Playground

As a child, you were probably advised more than a few times to ignore taunts and insults. Part of this is just common sense. Way back in 1997, basically the internet’s Stone Age, a Unix handbook for systems administrators offered instruction on how to deal with a troll: “You’re an adult—you can presumably figure out some way to deal with it, such as just ignoring the person.”

Anti-Troll Strategy #1: Nonreceipt

In the Akkosa Sutta, the Buddha teaches, “Whoever returns insult to one who is insulting, returns taunts to one who is taunting, returns a berating to one who is berating, is said to be eating together, sharing company, with that person.”You don’t have to actively reject abuse on the internet; you can simply not receive it. When you are taunted, say to yourself, I choose not to accept these words. In the words of the Buddha: “I am neither eating together, nor sharing your company, [troll]. [Your insults and taunts], it’s all yours. It's all yours.”

A Buddhist Strategy For Dealing With Insults

We should all decide for ourselves whether this tactic is workable for us. And in the case of threats or hate speech, you may want to make your nonreceipt more tangible by blocking the trolls, and reporting the abuse. (This remedy is imperfect at best, unfortunately, given social-media companies’ spotty record at enforcement of their own norms.)

Let’s Not Pretend This Is Easy, Though

Not receiving an insult means you cannot respond in any way (beyond, perhaps, blocking and reporting an attacker). According to the Center for Countering Digital Hate, a British NGO, ignoring trolls is crucial for stopping abuse. This makes sense, given the evidence that trolls are seeking attention, including negative attention. Nonresponse denies them the reward they seek.

Anti-Troll Strategy #2:  Nonresponse

Responding to a bully on the internet or in real life—remember, they are typically the same people—is proof that they are worth your time and notice. It gives them a twisted kind of status. While a healthy person gets status from admiration for meritorious behavior, research on playground bullies finds that they seek status by showing dominance through aggression. Don’t feed this monster, in person or online. When possible, meet aggression with deafening silence.

Starve The Monster

The internet offers (at least) one important tool that makes life easier for bullies: anonymity. As both research and common sense attest, allowing users to hide their identity abets abuse. One solution would be to review your followers and block anyone who doesn’t use their real name. It’s not a perfect technique, given how easily social-media users can falsify their identity and create new handles.If you choose this route, be morally consistent and avoid being anonymous yourself. You might take the practice a step further and withdraw from conversation platforms that are anonymous by design.

Anti-Troll Strategy #3: Non-anonymity

You can look for a few clues to figure out if you’re the troll. Research on internet bullies has found that they have an easier time being themselves online than in person. Ask yourself: Do you feel the same way? Also consider whether you find pleasure in insulting others without consequence and seeing them get hurt or angry; whether you enjoy the safety of anonymity when expressing your views; and whether “mobbing” and working to “cancel” others gives you a sense of satisfaction or purpose.

Um… I Think I Might Be A Troll 

If this introspection leads you to admit to yourself that you have become a bit of a troll, or are voluntarily part of a culture or group that engages in online bullying, remember how it feels to be on the other side of the exchange. Ask yourself if you would want your loved ones to know what you’ve been doing on the internet.Then take action: Repudiate anonymity completely. Declare publicly that you will never troll or bully, and ask others to hold you accountable. And if the trolling is just too tempting, make a plan to log off entirely and pull the plug on your cyberself.

Cancel Yourself. Well, #CancelYourCyberself

Online jerks and offline jerks are largely one and the same: bullies with personality disorders. And we can protect our happiness by dealing with them both in some tangible, practical ways.

Online jerks and offline jerks are largely one and the same. Here’s how to keep them from affecting your happiness.

How to Deal With Trolls

There is increasing scientific evidence that people don't know their own selves (Self-Perception Theory) can't predict own feelings over time (Impact Bias) and they're not always sure of the reason of their actions and attitudes (Cognitive Dissonance).We can in fact, once we know the meanings of these terms and start observing our behaviour, easily make sure that they're valid in everybody's life.

Some Ground Rules

Try to find some basic simple fact about yourself that:<ul><li class="ql-align-justify">Is not a self-fulfilling pofecy.</li><li class="ql-align-justify">Holds true in consideration of other actions, feelings and attitudes.</li><li class="ql-align-justify">Most importantly, can't be defied even if you tried hard enough (and smart enough).</li></ul>Could you find ? If yes, how many ?

What Do You Know About Yourself?

Of course there might be some facts that fulfill the conditions above, however there can't be many of them, which leads us to the fact that there is a serious limitation in what we know as constant about ourselves, however this also gives us a very rare opportunity.

What Do You Know About Yourself

In a great book by James Clear called (Atomic Habits) the author talks about the most important and powerful source of any persistent habit we have, and that is our beliefs about ourselves (identity habits) and presents a simple approach "not easy though" to reversly change the identity beliefs by building up habits and persevering them.

You Can Be What You Want!

That the self we know is the some of our past daily small actions, beliefs and thoughts. So will be our future self!That there are too few (if any) constant unchangable things about ourselves and our behaviours.In other words, ourselves and lives can literally shaped by us (if we pay close attention and intention), So kind of you do you want to be...?

Which Leads Us Here

A small note on the power of one's beliefs and their effects on his life...

Do you know anything about u?

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