Linda Thompson's Key Ideas from Conversational Intelligence
by Judith E. Glaser

• Transactional: people are exchanging information, updates, and facts that help us confirm if we are on the same page. There is not a lot of trust and people are focused on what they need to get from each other to confirm and validate their own perspectives.
• Positional: here individuals are advocating for what they want and are seeking to ascertain whether they can influence the other individual to share their perspective.
• Transformational: individuals conversing at this level seek to share their views and learn more about the perspectives of the others they are talking to.

• Our conversations can be structured in ways that support the development of shared trust and enable success. These conversations are the ones in which individuals respect and care about the other person’s perspective; they lead to co-creating conversations where both people Individuals are creating a shared sense of reality rather than trying to persuade the other person to see and agree with their point of view.
• Ineffective conversations occur when individuals try to get their message across and talk past the other person—resulting in shared monologues as opposed to dialogue. 

They happen when we are seeing the situation from our own individual perspective rather than seeking to understand the other person’s point of view.

For example:

• Assuming others see, feel and think about the situation exactly as we do; this prevents us from trying to understand it from their perspective.
• Failing to realize that fear, trust, and distrust change how we see and interpret reality.
• Being unable to see something from someone else’s point of view if we are fearful or upset about a situation.
• Assuming we remember what others say, we actually remember what we think about what others say.

When you trust people, you’re more likely to listen to them. When you don’t trust someone, your brain shuts down and it’s harder for you to pay attention.

The amygdala (the emotional center of the brain) is activated when someone doesn’t have faith in another person; the prefrontal cortex (the rational part of the brain) is activated when one does have faith in another person.

A healthy conversation involves a lack of harm and punishment because you trust each other enough to express different points of view on the subject matter at hand.

According to scientists, a person’s brain shuts down rational thinking when they’re faced with a perceived threat. This is called an “amygdala hijack.” When this happens, you should be aware that your brain has shut off rational thinking and try some alternative reactions.

In order to become more stress-free, we must identify the things that cause us stress. We can learn how to interrupt our patterns of stress by becoming aware of them and shifting our mindset from distrust and fear toward trust.